scholarly journals Novel Coordinated Control Strategy of BESS and PMSG-WTG for Fast Frequency Response

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 3874
Author(s):  
Hyunwook Kim ◽  
Junghun Lee ◽  
Jaehyeong Lee ◽  
Gilsoo Jang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power System ◽  
Frequency Response ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Coordinated Control ◽  
Test System ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Inertia Response

An increase in inverter-based resources (IBRs) can lower the inertia of a power system, which may adversely affect the power system by causing changes such as a frequency nadir reduction or an increased initial rate of change of frequency (RoCoF). To prevent this, an ancillary service called fast frequency response (FFR) helps the inertia response by using IBRs. The main resources used in FFR are variable-speed wind turbine generators (VSWTGs) or energy storage systems (ESSs), which can respond quickly through converter control. The control is applied to the frequency regulation service faster than the primary frequency response, so the second frequency nadir may fall below the first frequency nadir. This study proposed a novel coordinated control strategy to efficiently utilize energy to improve the frequency nadir through coordinated control of wind turbines based on permanent magnetic synchronous generators (PMSGs) and battery energy storage systems (BESSs). The simulation results confirmed that the two-bus test system was composed of PSCAD/EMTDC, and the frequency nadir increased by utilizing the same amount of energy as in traditional control systems.

scholarly journals A Coordinated Control of Offshore Wind Power and BESS to Provide Power System Flexibility

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4650
Author(s):  
Martha N. Acosta ◽  
Francisco Gonzalez-Longatt ◽  
Juan Manuel Roldan-Fernandez ◽  
Manuel Burgos-Payan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power System ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Coordinated Control ◽  
Test System ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Control Logic ◽  
Battery Energy Storage ◽  
Battery Energy

The massive integration of variable renewable energy (VRE) in modern power systems is imposing several challenges; one of them is the increased need for balancing services. Coping with the high variability of the future generation mix with incredible high shares of VER, the power system requires developing and enabling sources of flexibility. This paper proposes and demonstrates a single layer control system for coordinating the steady-state operation of battery energy storage system (BESS) and wind power plants via multi-terminal high voltage direct current (HVDC). The proposed coordinated controller is a single layer controller on the top of the power converter-based technologies. Specifically, the coordinated controller uses the capabilities of the distributed battery energy storage systems (BESS) to store electricity when a logic function is fulfilled. The proposed approach has been implemented considering a control logic based on the power flow in the DC undersea cables and coordinated to charging distributed-BESS assets. The implemented coordinated controller has been tested using numerical simulations in a modified version of the classical IEEE 14-bus test system, including tree-HVDC converter stations. A 24-h (1-min resolution) quasi-dynamic simulation was used to demonstrate the suitability of the proposed coordinated control. The controller demonstrated the capacity of fulfilling the defined control logic. Finally, the instantaneous flexibility power was calculated, demonstrating the suitability of the proposed coordinated controller to provide flexibility and decreased requirements for balancing power.

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