scholarly journals Validation of Fresnel–Kirchhoff Integral Method for the Study of Volume Dielectric Bodies

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 3800
Author(s):  
Soumia Imane Taleb ◽  
Cristian Neipp ◽  
Jorge Francés ◽  
Andrés Márquez ◽  
Mariela L. Alvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integral Method ◽  
Small Volume ◽  
Circular Cross Section ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Dielectric Bodies ◽  
Small Cracks ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Dielectric Objects ◽  
Kirchhoff Integral

In this work, we test a nondestructive optical method based on the Fresnel–Kirchhoff integral, which could be applied to different fields of engineering, such as detection of small cracks in structures, determination of dimensions for small components, analysis of composition of materials, etc. The basic idea is to apply the Fresnel–Kirchhoff integral method to the study of the properties of small-volume dielectric objects. In this work, we study the validity of this method. To do this, the results obtained by using this technique were compared to those obtained by rigorously solving the Helmholtz equation for a dielectric cylinder of circular cross-section. As an example of the precision of the method, the Fresnel–Kirchhoff integral method was applied to obtain the refractive index of a hair by fitting the theoretical curve to the experimental results of the diffraction pattern of the hair measured with a CCD camera. In a same manner, the method also was applied to obtain the dimensions of a crack artificially created in a piece of plastic.

Determination of collapse moment of different angled pipe bends with initial geometric imperfection subjected to in-plane bending moments

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440622199640
Author(s):  
Manish Kumar ◽  
Pronab Roy ◽  
Kallol Khan
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Circular Cross Section ◽  
Initial Imperfection ◽  
Bend Angle ◽  
Bending Moments ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Geometric Imperfection ◽  
Initial Geometric Imperfection

From the recent literature, it is revealed that pipe bend geometry deviates from the circular cross-section due to pipe bending process for any bend angle, and this deviation in the cross-section is defined as the initial geometric imperfection. This paper focuses on the determination of collapse moment of different angled pipe bends incorporated with initial geometric imperfection subjected to in-plane closing and opening bending moments. The three-dimensional finite element analysis is accounted for geometric as well as material nonlinearities. Python scripting is implemented for modeling the pipe bends with initial geometry imperfection. The twice-elastic-slope method is adopted to determine the collapse moments. From the results, it is observed that initial imperfection has significant impact on the collapse moment of pipe bends. It can be concluded that the effect of initial imperfection decreases with the decrease in bend angle from 150∘ to 45∘. Based on the finite element results, a simple collapse moment equation is proposed to predict the collapse moment for more accurate cross-section of the different angled pipe bends.

Bioassay Method for the Determination of Toxaphene in Lake Water

1966 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 723-727
Author(s):  
L. M. Royer
Keyword(s):  
Lake Water ◽  
Small Volume ◽  
Bioassay Method ◽  
Lebistes Reticulatus

A method based on static bioassays was developed to measure the concentration of toxaphene before restocking of lakes treated with this toxicant. A double distillation technique was used to extract the toxaphene and concentrate it in a small volume of distillate. Bioassays were then carried out in 200-ml samples of distillate reconstituted with electrolytes to match a standard water. Guppies, Lebistes reticulatus (Peters), less than 7 days old were used as test organisms.The method developed was used to follow the detoxification of Midway Lake which was rehabilitated with toxaphene. Data on the rate of detoxification are presented.

Contactless Mass Determination of Arbitrarily Shaped Objects by Microwave Resonator Measurements

1994 ◽  
Vol 347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej W. Kraszewski ◽  
Stuart O. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Uncertainty Analysis ◽  
Resonant Cavity ◽  
Microwave Resonator ◽  
Mass Determination ◽  
Microwave Resonant Cavity ◽  
Dielectric Objects ◽  
Better Than

ABSTRACTThe basis is presented for using a microwave resonant cavity as an effective “contactless balance”, providing information about the mass of dielectric objects inserted into the cavity. An uncertainty analysis presented in the paper confirms that the mass of small dielectric objects can be determined by this technique with an accuracy better than 4%.

A Literature Study of IPQC (In Process Quality Control) tests and FDF (Finished Dosage Form) tests for Parenteral Dosage forms taking Adicovil IV Ampoule as an Example.

2017 ◽  
Vol II (I) ◽  
pp. 44-55
Author(s):  
Ayesha Sabir ◽  
Syeda Komal Fatima ◽  
Asma Kaleem ◽  
Sidra Altaf ◽  
Imran Khan
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Small Volume ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Process Quality ◽  
Type I ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Physical Tests ◽  
Parenteral Product

This study was conducted to evaluate both the in-process quality control tests as well as the finished dosage form tests for a parenteral product. Furthermore, all the processes from the purchase of API to marketing of product were studied. A batch of Adicovil was taken Adicovil was taken as an example, it is small volume parenteral of 2ml ampoule that is studied to evaluate its efficacy and stability by performing chemical and physical tests. IPQC tests for type I glass includes powder glass test, while for water for injection they are pH, acidity & alkalinity, non-volatile matter, ammonium ions, non-oxidizable matter, sterility and pyrogen test. Test for finished dosage form of Adicovil are identification, leaker test, clarity test, sterility, pyrogen test, BET, deliverable volume and determination of volume of injection for container. The selected batch of Adicovil passed all the IPQC and FDF tests in the procedure.

Disposable Cartridge Extraction of Retinol and α-Tocopherol from Feedstuffs

1985 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1121-1125
Author(s):  
Claude F Bourgeois ◽  
Sylvie H Hel ◽  
Jean-Pierre Belliot ◽  
Philippe R George ◽  
Catherine A Slomianny
Keyword(s):  
Small Volume ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide Solution ◽  
Normal Pressure ◽  
Aqueous Alcohol ◽  
Appreciable Increase ◽  
Extraction Step ◽  
Fat Soluble Vitamins ◽  
Feed Samples ◽  
Automated Determination

Abstract Automated determination of fat-soluble vitamins by modern methods such as liquid chromatography is hampered by the initial extraction step. A simple technique is proposed that allows an appreciable increase in the actual rates of determination. Feedstuff samples are first hydrolyzed in an aqueous alcohol (mainly methanol)-potassium hydroxide solution. Instead of extracting retinol and a-tocopherol from the hydrolysis solution by an organic solvent, an aliquot of the solution is mixed with a small volume of a strong antioxidant solution (ascorbic acid) and pipetted onto a kieselguhr disposable cartridge where it is adsorbed. Retinol and a-tocopherol are eluted with isooctane at normal pressure. The proposed method has been compared with conventional techniques on many feed samples.

Determination of Glycerol in Cosmetics by GLC. I. Development of the Method

1967 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1287-1291
Author(s):  
Frederick C Gross ◽  
John H Jones
Keyword(s):  
Small Volume ◽  
Cosmetic Products

Abstract Glycerol, in the absence of water, may be determined easily and accurately by GLC on a column containing SAIB on silanized Chromosorb G. Aqueous glycerol solutions are dehydrated without loss of glycerin by adding 2-methoxyethanol and evaporating to a small volume. Procedures for determining glycerol in various cosmetic products are described; recoveries of glycerol by the proposed procedure ranged from 95 to 105%.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document