scholarly journals The Influence of Mechanical Composition and Mineral Composition of Calcareous Soil on Slope Farmland on Phosphorus Fixation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 3731
Author(s):  
Weiyi Han ◽  
Ye Li ◽  
Hang Yin
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Three Gorges Reservoir Area ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Fixation ◽  
Slope Farmland

Soil erosion on slope farmland causes the degradation of soil quality and eutrophication of water bodies due to the loss of phosphorus. In order to explore the influence of soil mechanical composition and mineral composition on phosphorus fixation, we selected calcareous soil on slope farmland in the Three Gorges Reservoir area as the research object and separated the samples on the basis of particle size. Next, we determined the content of different forms of phosphorus for each particle size, and then characterized and analyzed the mineral composition. The adsorption performance of each particle size was also studied. The results show that the calcareous soil on slope farmland has a high proportion of coarse fractions, and the carbonate minerals enriched in coarse fractions will fix a large amount of phosphorus and degrade soil quality. As slope farmland is prone to soil erosion, when the soil undergoes selective migration, the loss of fine fractions will increase the proportion of coarse fractions and aggravate soil quality degradation. Meanwhile, because of the large amount of phosphorus adsorbed by fine fractions, the available phosphorus is easily lost with fine fractions, leading to eutrophication of water bodies.

scholarly journals Effects of cultivating different crops on soil erosion of slope farmland

2021 ◽  
pp. 925-932
Author(s):  
Zhen Guo ◽  
Juan Li
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Erosion Resistance ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Slope Farmland

The soil nutrient content, particle size composition, crop yield and erosion resistance were studied considering the slope farmland with different slope sizes and different crops as the research object. The results showed that the available phosphorus content was higher under the wheat planting mode. Rape planting was conducive to the accumulation of organic matter, total nitrogen and available potassium, and nutrient accumulation was more obvious when treated at 5° slope. The soil texture was sandy loam under the wheat planting mode. After rapeseed planting, the soil texture began to change to silt loam. The crop yield was the highest under different planting modes at 5°. Rapeseed was found to increase the soil erosion resistance of sloping farmland compared with wheat, and the greater was the slope, the stronger the erosion resistance. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 925-932, 2021 (September) Special

scholarly journals Straw mulching and nitrogen application altered ammonia oxidizers communities and improved soil quality in the alkaline purple soil of southwest China

AMB Express ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Songhe Chen ◽  
Rencai Gao ◽  
Xiaoling Xiang ◽  
Hongkun Yang ◽  
Hongliang Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Purple Soil ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizers ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Straw Mulching

AbstractMicrobe-mediated ammonia oxidation is a key process in soil nitrogen cycle. However, the effect of maize straw mulching on the ammonia oxidizers in the alkaline purple soil remains largely unknown. A three-year positioning experiment was designed as follows: straw mulching measures as the main-plot treatment and three kinds of nitrogen application as the sub-plot treatment. We found the contents of soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), available potassium (AK), available nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), and NH4+-N were increased after straw mulching and nitrogen application in alkaline purple soil, so did the amoA genes abundance of ammonia-oxidizing archaeal (AOA) and bacterial (AOB). Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis revealed that Thaumarchaeote (448-bp T-RF) was dominated the AOA communities, whereas Nitrosospira sp (111-bp T-RF) dominated the AOB communities. The community compositions of both AOA and AOB were altered by straw mulching and nitrogen application in alkaline purple soil, however, the AOB communities was more responsive than AOA communities to the straw mulching and nitrogen application. Further analysis indicated that SOC and AP were the main factors affecting the abundance and community compositions of AOA and AOB in alkaline purple soil. The present study reported that straw mulching and nitrogen strategies differently shape the soil ammonia oxidizers community structure and abundance, which should be considered when evaluating agricultural management strategies regarding their sustainability and soil quality.

The influence of different roll erosion control products to the particle size distribution of the soil sediment eroded on artificial slopes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romana Kubínová ◽  
Petr Kavka ◽  
Martin Neumann ◽  
Jan-František Kubát
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Erosion Control ◽  
Initial Condition ◽  
Rill Erosion ◽  
Rainfall Simulator ◽  
Soil Sediment

<p>In this contribution the particle size distributions of the soil sediment obtained from soil erosion experiments were analysed. All the tests were done on arable topsoil’s, separately the size distribution of the soil aggregates and individual soil particles were evaluated. Soil erosion was initiated under the controlled conditions. CTU Prague laboratory rainfall simulator and field laboratory in Jirkov were used for this research. The rainfall was artificially generated with use of a nozzle type rainfall simulator. The sediment transported due to the surface runoff and rill erosion was collected from the discharge of the inclined soil erosion plots (slopes 20 – 34°, slope length 4 m).<br>During each experiment, eight samples were collected. Four samples were collected during the first experimental rainfall. For the next ten days, the container was kept aside the rainfall. Afterwards, the raining with the rainfall simulator on plot (which now had different initial condition compared to the plot during the first experimental rainfall as the plot already contained erosion rills from the previous episode) has been resumed and another four samples were collected.<br>Experimental plots were vertically divided into two parts. On one part was an eel and on the second part were different types of rolled erosion control products (RECPs) – Enkamat 7010, and 7020, Biomac-C, coir fibres K700 and K400, jute, Macmat 8.1, mulch, hay, nonwoven, fortrac 3D and triangle. The influence of RECPs to the particle size distribution was investigated.<br>Laser diffraction has been selected as a method to determine particle size distribution and device Mastersizer 3000 was used. By the comparison of the particle size distribution, of more than five hundred samples, the different response to the soil erosion mechanism and the influence of external factors (slope of the experimental plot, initial condition and presence of RECPs) on the particle size distribution and soil aggregates content in eroded sediment were investigated. It has been found that both the particle size and aggregates size distribution of the eroded sediment changes considerably in time.<br>This research is funded by the TH02030428 - „Design of technical measures for slopes stabilization and soil erosion prevention” and by the International CTU grant SGS20/156/OHK1/3T/11.</p>

scholarly journals Effect of long-term N fertilization on ca saturation and soil quality in a calcareous soil in a semiarid to sub-humid region

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-93
Author(s):  
Hai, XU, ◽  
Yi-quan WANG, ◽  
Xiao-yun LI, ◽  
Hao WANG, ◽  
Yong-jian WANG, ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Humid Region

scholarly journals Effect of Land Use on Soil Quality in Afaka Forest Northern Guinea Savannah of Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
H. Haruna
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Soil Fertility Management

Land use changes from forest into cultivated ecosystems result in negative impact on soil structure and quality. The purpose of this study was to determine effect of land use on soil quality in Afaka forest northern guinea savannah of Nigeria. Land use systems, including natural forest and cultivated land were identified. Eighteen (18) composite disturbed and undisturbed samples were collected from depth of 0-5 and 5-10 cm for analysis of pertinent soil properties in the laboratory using grid procedure. Most physical and chemical properties show relative variations in response to land use types and geomorphic positions. Results  indicate  that the soils had  high degree of weathering potentials, low  to moderate  bulk density at 0-5cm depth values between 1.42 to 1.49 Mg m-3 in  forest and  cultivated land, bulk density of  1.34 and 1.46 1.Mg m-3at 5 -1ocm depth   for forest and  cultivated land respectively. The soil water at 0-5cm depth is from 4.20 to 2.63 cm3/cm3, while at 5-10 cm depth these values vary from 4.32 to 2.13 cm3/cm3 under forest and cultivation land use. The pH (H2O) is 6.9 to 7.16 with low electrical conductivity of 0.13 dS/m(forest) and 0.12 dS/m (cultivation). The CEC of soils is recorded as 8.60 cmol kg-1 (forest) to 8.54 cmol kg-1 (cultivated)whereas  total nitrogen content of 1.21 g kg-1 and 1.11 g kg-1 and available phosphorus of 8.78 mg kg-1 (cultivated) and 5.47 mg kg-1 (forest).. Results indicate that soil fertility parameters were moderate to low for cultivated land and at all slope positions, suggesting that soil fertility management is required in order to make agriculture sustainable on Afaka area.

Soils

2019 ◽  
pp. 67-90
Author(s):  
Nicola P. Randall ◽  
Barbara Smith
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Soil Biology ◽  
Soil Processes ◽  
Soil Biodiversity ◽  
Productive Land ◽  
And Function ◽  
Agriculture And Food

This chapter gives a basic introduction to soil formation and fundamental soil processes in agroecosystems. The types of soils found in agroecosystems and their importance for agriculture is explored, with a principal focus on soil biodiversity, i.e. soil-dwelling organisms, their variety and function, and the interaction between soil biology, agriculture, and food production. The chapter describes some of the issues associated with soils in agroecosystems. These include interactions between agricultural practices and soil erosion and soil quality issues such as salinization and desertification. The major challenges to maintaining ‘healthy’ soils on productive land are outlined, and approaches and techniques for managing soils described.

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