scholarly journals Human Dental Pulp Stem Cell Osteogenic Differentiation Seeded on Equine Bone Block with Graphene and Melatonin

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 3218
Author(s):  
Rosa Mancinelli ◽  
Ester Sara Di Filippo ◽  
Margherita Tumedei ◽  
Mariangela Marrone ◽  
Antonella Fontana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Bone Block ◽  
Functionalized Graphene Oxide ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Human Dental Pulp ◽  
Equine Bone

Equine bone blocks have osteogenic effects promoting bone regeneration with biocompatibility and osteoconductivity capacity. Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) can differentiate into osteoblasts enhancing biomineralization with such scaffolds. Melatonin is able to improve bone health and mediate bone formation. Collagenated equine bone blocks were coated with ammonia-functionalized graphene-oxide (G-N) at two different concentrations (2 μg/mL, G-N2; and 10 μg/mL, G-N10). The homogeneity of G-N coating was checked by Raman spectroscopy, whereas thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) allowed us to quantify the amount of G-N deposited on the blocks. The aim of this study was to investigate in vitro the effect of G-N-coated collagenated equine bone blocks on the proliferation and differentiation of hDPSCs with the addition of a melatonin. This evaluation was determined after 7, 14, and 21 days of culture by the expression of specific microRNAs, RUNX2 and SMAD5 gene expression, osteocalcin levels, and histological analysis. The results showed that equine blocks G-N2 and G-N10 and melatonin gave an optimal cell adhesion as shown by histological analysis, and an increase in the hDPSCs osteogenic potential as confirmed by microRNA and gene expression with an increase in osteocalcin levels. This study suggests that equine bone blocks coated with G-N2 and G-N10 and melatonin promote the osteogenic process.

scholarly journals Multilineage Differentiation Potential of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells—Impact of 3D and Hypoxic Environment on Osteogenesis In Vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 6172
Author(s):  
Anna Labedz-Maslowska ◽  
Natalia Bryniarska ◽  
Andrzej Kubiak ◽  
Tomasz Kaczmarzyk ◽  
Malgorzata Sekula-Stryjewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Stem Cell Population ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Human Dental Pulp

Human dental pulp harbours unique stem cell population exhibiting mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) characteristics. This study aimed to analyse the differentiation potential and other essential functional and morphological features of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in comparison with Wharton’s jelly-derived MSCs from the umbilical cord (UC-MSCs), and to evaluate the osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs in 3D culture with a hypoxic microenvironment resembling the stem cell niche. Human DPSCs as well as UC-MSCs were isolated from primary human tissues and were subjected to a series of experiments. We established a multiantigenic profile of DPSCs with CD45−/CD14−/CD34−/CD29+/CD44+/CD73+/CD90+/CD105+/Stro-1+/HLA-DR− (using flow cytometry) and confirmed their tri-lineage osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation potential (using qRT-PCR and histochemical staining) in comparison with the UC-MSCs. The results also demonstrated the potency of DPSCs to differentiate into osteoblasts in vitro. Moreover, we showed that the DPSCs exhibit limited cardiomyogenic and endothelial differentiation potential. Decreased proliferation and metabolic activity as well as increased osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs in vitro, attributed to 3D cell encapsulation and low oxygen concentration, were also observed. DPSCs exhibiting elevated osteogenic potential may serve as potential candidates for a cell-based product for advanced therapy, particularly for bone repair. Novel tissue engineering approaches combining DPSCs, 3D biomaterial scaffolds, and other stimulating chemical factors may represent innovative strategies for pro-regenerative therapies.

Optimization of treatment with recombinant FGF-2 for proliferation and differentiation of human dental stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and osteoblasts

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae-Hyung Lee ◽  
Won-Tae Kim ◽  
Chun Jeih Ryu ◽  
Young-Joo Jang
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Human Dental Pulp

Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF or FGF-2) is widely used to modulate the proliferation and differentiation of certain cell types. An expression and purification system for recombinant human FGF-2 in Escherichia coli was established for the purpose of securing a continuous supply of this protein. The purified recombinant FGF-2 significantly increased the population of human embryonic stem cells. The optimal concentrations of FGF-2 for cell proliferative induction in various adult stem cells including human dental pulp stem cells, full term human periodontal ligament stem cells, human gingival fibroblasts, mesenchymal stem cells, and osteogenic oseosarcoma were established in a dose-dependent manner. When cells were treated with recombinant FGF-2 for 6 days before osteogenic induction, the mRNA expression of the bone markers was upregulated in cells originated from human dental pulp tissue, indicating that pretreatment with FGF-2 during culture increase stem cell/progenitor population and osteogenic potential.

scholarly journals Osteogenesis from Dental Pulp Derived Stem Cells: A Novel Conditioned Medium Including Melatonin within a Mixture of Hyaluronic, Butyric, and Retinoic Acids

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margherita Maioli ◽  
Valentina Basoli ◽  
Sara Santaniello ◽  
Sara Cruciani ◽  
Alessandro Palmerio Delitala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Conditioned Medium ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Viral Vector ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Retinoic Acids ◽  
Human Dental Pulp ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) have shown relevant potential for cell therapy in the orthopedic and odontoiatric fields. The optimization of their osteogenic potential is currently a major challenge. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF A) has been recently reported to act as a major conductor of osteogenesisin vitroandin vivo. Here, we attempted to prime endogenous VEGF A expression without the need for viral vector mediated gene transfer technologies. We show that hDPSCs exposure to a mixture of hyaluronic, butyric, and retinoic acids (HA + BU + RA) induced the transcription of a gene program of osteogenesis and the acquirement of an osteogenic lineage. Such response was also elicited by cell exposure to melatonin, a pleiotropic agent that recently emerged as a remarkable osteogenic inducer. Interestingly, the commitment to the osteogenic fate was synergistically enhanced by the combinatorial exposure to a conditioned medium containing both melatonin and HA + BU + RA. Thesein vitroresults suggest thatin vivoosteogenesis might be improved and further studies are needed.

scholarly journals Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Exhibit Osteogenic Differentiation Potential

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-236
Author(s):  
Sadia Awais ◽  
Samira Shabbir Balouch ◽  
Nabeela Riaz ◽  
Mahmood S Choudhery
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Proliferative Potential ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Human Dental Pulp

AbstractBone regeneration after trauma, pathologic and surgical procedures is considered a major medical challenge. Due to limitations in using conventional approaches, cell based regenerative strategies may provide an alternative option to address such issues. In the current study, we sought to determine the osteogenic potential of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) isolated from impacted 3rd molars. DPSCs were isolated from human dental pulp tissue (n=6) using explant culture. Growth characteristics of DPSCs were determined using plating efficiency, and the number and time of population doublings. After characterization, DPSCs were induced to differentiate into osteoblasts and were assessed using polymerase chain reactions (PCR) and histological analysis. Results indicated that DPSCs can be isolated from impacted human third molars, and that DPSCs exhibited typical fibroblastic morphology and excellent proliferative potential. In addition, morphological changes, histological analysis and expression of lineage specific genes confirmed osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs. In conclusion, DPSCs isolated from impacted 3rd molars have high proliferative potential and ability to differentiate into osteoblasts.

scholarly journals Upregulation of ETV2 Expression Promotes Endothelial Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 096368972097873
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Youming Zhu ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Tao Wu ◽  
Xianyu Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Tube Formation ◽  
Endothelial Differentiation ◽  
Cell Source ◽  
Lentiviral Infection ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression ◽  
Human Dental Pulp

The lack of vasculogenesis often hampers the survivability and integration of newly engineered tissue grafts within the host. Autologous endothelial cells (ECs) are an ideal cell source for neovascularization, but they are limited by their scarcity, lack of proliferative capacity, and donor site morbidity upon isolation. The objective of this study was to determine whether differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) into the endothelial lineage can be enhanced by recombinant ETV2 overexpression. DPSCs were extracted from fresh dental pulp tissues. ETV2 overexpression in DPSCs was achieved by lentiviral infection and cellular morphological changes were evaluated. The mRNA and protein expression levels of endothelial-specific markers were assessed through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blot, immunofluorescence staining, and flow cytometry. The tube formation assay and Matrigel plug assay were also performed to evaluate the angiogenic potential of the ETV2-transduced cells in vitro and in vivo, respectively. Additionally, proteomic analysis was performed to analyze global changes in protein expression following ETV2 overexpression. After lentiviral infection, ETV2-overexpressing DPSCs showed endothelial-like morphology. Compared with control DPSCs, significantly higher mRNA and protein expression levels of endothelial-specific genes, including CD31, VE-Cadherin, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2, were detected in ETV2-overexpressing DPSCs. Moreover, ETV2 overexpression enhanced capillary-like tube formation on Matrigel in vitro, as well as neovascularization in vivo. In addition, comparative proteomic profiling showed that ETV2 overexpression upregulated the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors, which was indicative of increased VEGF signaling. Taken together, our results indicate that ETV2 overexpression significantly enhanced the endothelial differentiation of DPSCs. Thus, this study shows that DPSCs can be a promising candidate cell source for tissue engineering applications.

Comparing the osteogenic potential of schneiderian membrane and dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells: an in vitro study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Berbéri ◽  
Joseph Sabbagh ◽  
Rita Bou Assaf ◽  
Michella Ghassibe-Sabbagh ◽  
Fatima Al-Nemer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Schneiderian Membrane
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