scholarly journals Modeling of Railway Stations Based on Queuing Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2425
Author(s):  
Igor Bychkov ◽  
Alexander Kazakov ◽  
Anna Lempert ◽  
Maxim Zharkov
Keyword(s):  
Level Structure ◽  
Parametric Identification ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Arrival Process ◽  
Queuing Networks ◽  
Primary Analysis ◽  
Railway Stations ◽  
Wide Range

Among the micro-logistic transport systems, railway stations should be highlighted, such as one of the most important transport infrastructure elements. The efficiency of the transport industry as a whole depends on the quality of their operation. Such systems have a complex multi-level structure, and the incoming traffic flow often has a stochastic character. It is known that the most effective approach to study the operation of such systems is mathematical modeling. Earlier, we proposed an approach to transport hub modeling using multiphase queuing systems with a batch Markovian arrival process (BMAP) as an incoming flow. In this paper, we develop the method by applying more complex models based on queuing networks that allow us to describe in detail the route of requests within an object with a non-linear hierarchical structure. This allows us to increase the adequacy of modeling and explore a new class of objects—freight railway stations and marshalling yards. Here we present mathematical models of two railway stations, one of which is a freight railway station located in Russia, and the other is a marshalling yard in the USA. The models have the form of queuing networks with BMAP flow. They are implemented as simulation software, and a numerical experiment is carried out. Based on the numerical results, some “bottlenecks” in the structure of the studied stations are determined. Moreover, the risk of switching to an irregular mode of operation is assessed. The proposed method is suitable for describing a wide range of cargo and passenger transport systems, including river ports, seaports, airports, and multimodal transport hubs. It allows a primary analysis of the hub operation and does not need large statistical information for parametric identification.

scholarly journals Public-private collaboration: A panacea to road assets management in Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Alaba Adetola ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
National Income ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Collaborative Management ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Wide Range

The globalisation of trade and rise in national income has resulted in increased demand for transport infrastructure and services. Given its high and diverse functionality and wide range of beneficiaries, road infrastructure and services have become essential components of national transport systems. However, lack of access to basic all-weather, reliable and safe road infrastructure is a major challenge in developing countries. Therefore, this study focused on public-private collaborative management of road infrastructure in Nigeria. The research methodological approach adopted an extensive review of relevant literature and questionnaire survey. A critical evaluation of secondary data helped to articulate the characteristics of various models of public-private collaboration. The study population comprised public, private sectors and end-user stakeholders purposively selected from the geo-political zones of Nigeria. Primary data were analysed through SPSS version 20 along with inferential (Kruskal-Wallis Test) and descriptive (Relative Importance Index) statistical tools. The study uncovered new meaning and understanding in ‘trust’, and strongly advocated for an effective stakeholders’ collaboration in financing, construction, operation, maintenance and management of viable road infrastructure and services.

Drilling Efficiently, Durably and Consistently Through Cherts and Conglomerates with PDC Bits is Possible

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastien Reboul ◽  
Emad Ahmed Elabassi ◽  
Miguel Angel Tejedor ◽  
Kareem Hafez ◽  
Bruno Cuillier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Level Structure ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Optimized Design ◽  
Drill Bit ◽  
Rock Destruction ◽  
Drilling Operation ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Drilling into harsh environment with heterogeneous formations including chert or conglomerate is usually a boundary that can't be crossed with standard PDC bit technology. This paper will show how an innovative PDC cutter shape combined with a novel 3D approach of cutting structure design have withstood this challenge and successfully replaced 16-in. traditional roller cone application in United Arab Emirates by the latest PDC technology delivering an average 35% improvement on Rate Of Penetration (ROP) while continuously drilling to Total Depth (TD) on each section. When drilling chert or conglomerate type of formation with a PDC drill bit, uneven load per cutters is detrimental to their integrity and results in short runs or brutal stop in the drilling operation triggering a trip for drill bit change. The new technology shown in this paper includes a unique hybrid combination of cutter shapes with a design arrangement of the cutting structure to allow for the pre-fracturing of any hard formation heterogeneity by 3D shaped cutters while standard cutters ensure a high level of cutting efficiency through their shearing action. This innovative concept has been intensively tested in the lab through single cutter and full bit scale drilling testing. In addition, in-house 3D bit simulation software has been used to optimize the cutting structure and assure performance within a wide range of drilling scenarios. Based on these simulations, an optimized design was manufactured for 16-in. directional applications usually tackled by roller cone drill bits and known for having heterogeneous cherty formations to drill throughout the end of the 5,000 ft section. Simulation results helped to validate the unique shaped cutters placement on the cutting structure to maximize the pre-fracturing effect. This design was run on Rotary Steerable System (RSS) and Positive Displacement Motor (PDM) assemblies and successfully drilled 5 wells in a challenging field of the United Arab Emirates offshore operations. 100% successful rate to reach TD in one run was achieved while increasing drastically the average ROP of the section by at least 35%. Moreover, the unique design configuration allowed to better control the directional behavior of the drill string, which resulted in a significant reduction in the overall cost per foot. A new boundary has been breached in several wells of a complex 16-in. chert and conglomerate application in the United Arab Emirates thanks to a years-long effort combining an innovative cutter technology, an optimized bit design process including a state-of-the-art 3D simulation software with lab and field experimental testing campaigns. By looking at the micro level structure of the rock destruction mechanism, a huge improvement has been obtained at the macro level of drilling operation economics.

scholarly journals A simulation model for the need for intra-plant transport operation planning by AGV

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 606-612
Author(s):  
Gabriel Fedorko ◽  
Martin Vasil ◽  
Bibiana Podracka
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Operation Planning ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Enterprise Logistics ◽  
Agv Systems ◽  
Related Increase ◽  
Plant Transport

AbstractIntra-plant transport has an important role in the systems of enterprise logistics. At present, automated transport systems (AGV) are used for its efficient operation, with minimal operator attendance. For the proper and reliable functioning of such a transport system, there is currently a wide range of methods, of which the method of computer simulation is increasingly dominant. In the application, however, it is necessary to take into account that the functioning of AGV systems is a very demanding process with high demands on the used simulation software. Within the article, it will be described the use of the method of additional programming, as an effective tool in the creation of a simulation model of the AGV system for the need of its planning. The model presents the possibilities of increasing of the output of the analyzed production process to more than 70%, and at the same time it indicates insufficient use of workplaces that in one case reaches the value about 10%. The application of this model pointed to the reduction of the number of workplaces by one and with this related increase of output of other workplace.

scholarly journals Use of simulation model for measurement of MilkRun system performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 600-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Fedorko ◽  
Martin Vasil ◽  
Michaela Bartosova
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Operational Performance ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Indirect Methods ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Effective Operation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Plant Simulation

AbstractIntra-plant transport systems within their operation directly impact on the performance of production systems. For their effective operation, it is, therefore, necessary to realize evaluation of operational performance and effectivity. For the realization of this type of evaluation, in addition to a wide range of sensors that can be difficult for installation and operation, we can also use indirect methods that are equally able to provide reliable operational characteristics. Indirect analytical methods are presented above all by the approach which is based on the use of simulation methods. The method of computer simulation provides a wide range of options for the evaluation of efficiency and performance. The paper describes the use of a simulation model created in the program Tecnomatix Plant Simulation for analyzing the supply of production workplaces within the MilkRun system.

scholarly journals Combined Vapor Permeation and Continuous Solid-State Distillation for Energy-Efficient Bioethanol Production

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2266
Author(s):  
Hongshen Li ◽  
Hongrui Liu ◽  
Yufang Li ◽  
Jilin Nan ◽  
Chen Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Flow Sheet ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Rectification Column ◽  
Vapor Permeation ◽  
Wide Range

Extracting ethanol by steam directly from fermented solid-state bagasse is an emerging technology of energy-efficient bioethanol production. With continuous solid-state distillation (CSSD) approach, the vapor with more than 25 wt% ethanol flows out of the column. Conventionally, the vapor was concentrated to azeotrope by rectification column, which contributes most of the energy consumption in ethanol production. As an alternative, a process integrating CSSD and vapor permeation (VP) membrane separation was tested. In light of existing industrial application of NaA zeolite hydrophilic membrane for dehydration, the prospect of replacing rectification operation with hydrophobic membrane for ethanol enriching was mainly analyzed in this paper. The separation performance of a commercial PDMS/PVDF membrane in a wide range of ethanol–water-vapor binary mixture was evaluated in the experiment. The correlation of the separation factor and permeate flux at different transmembrane driving force was measured. The mass and energy flow sheet of proposed VP case and rectification case were estimated respectively with process simulation software based on experimental data. Techno-economic analysis on both cases was performed. The results demonstrated that the additional VP membrane cost was higher than the rectification column, but a lower utilities cost was required for VP. The discount payback period of supplementary cost for VP case was determined as 1.81 years compared with the membrane service lifetime of 3 years, indicating that the hybrid CSSD-VP process was more cost effective and energy efficient.

scholarly journals СТАН ДЕРЖАВНОГО РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ТРАНСПОРТНОЇ ІНФРАСТРУКТУРИ ТА ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЇЇ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ

2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (6) ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
Оксана І. Дмитрієва
Keyword(s):  
Government Regulation ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Analytical Instruments ◽  
Control Functions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Regulation Of Transport ◽  
Development Regulation

The article seeks to explore the state of government regulation of transport infrastructure and to reveal its specifics in ensuring this sector efficiency in the context of economic globalization. The study suggests that the framework of legislative and strategic documents in the area of transport industry and its infrastructure development regulation should be considered at the international, national and the regional levels. The paper also provides insights to the key challenges hindering the innovative development of the transport infrastructure in Ukraine. The research findings have revealed the major gaps in the system of government regulation of the Ukrainian transport infrastructure which refer to: the absence of a single public regulatory authority in the transport sector which is empowered to perform regulatory, monitoring and the control functions; fundamental imbalances in transport infrastructure development (as to different transport categories); the lack of tax incentives for investors in infrastructure facilities; the lack of a balancing mechanism to regulate the number of operators in various transport market sectors through licensing procedures; the absence of an effective mechanism for designing appropriate pricing (tariff) policies in the transport sector focusing on the need to prevent monopolization while promoting competition in adjacent markets etc. It is argued that a strategy to eliminate the above shortcomings in government regulation practices in the area of transport infrastructure should be built through searching a balance between deregulation (decentralization) and excessive centralization in the specified sector. With the purpose of consolidating and structuring the information to ensure the efficiency of transport infrastructure development based on government intervention, the study has identified the following components of a basic government regulation toolkit which involves a wide range of organizational, regulatory, social, economic, innovative, market-based, informational and analytical instruments.

scholarly journals MODERN CONDITION AND DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES OF THE TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE IN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Komchatnykh ◽  
Svitlana Petrovska ◽  
Nataliia Redko
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
Modern Condition

The article considers modern condition and development perspectives of transport at whole and the transport infrastructure of Ukraine. The basis of the country transport complex makes up its infrastructure, it joins manufacturing, users, suppliers and partners. Developed infrastructure affects not only effective and timely delivery of the products, but provides for decreased transport expenses. The beneficial geographical position of Ukraine, crossing the main transit ways between Europe and Asia, presence of active Black Sea ports, developed network of railroads, car roads and pipelines throughout the latitudinal and meridian directions create all predispositions for the transport branch development. The studies of the Ukrainian transport infrastructure and transport condition during last years evidence about non-stable dynamics, which is mainly related to economical and geopolitical crisis in the country as well as the COVID 19 consequences. Analysis of the freight transport by transport kinds shows increased volumes of car transport with decreased railway transport. The rise of the car transport share is connected to its advantages: mobility, possibility of delivery exactly to the destination, high speed of delivery, flexibility of the route choice, wide range of the shipment as well as provision of logistic services by cars. Exacerbation in the East has considerably decreased number of contracts between Ukrainian shipping companies and international partners related to the international transportation. First of all, the situation provides for decreased transportation volumes on the territory of Ukraine. The level of transport services to economic system and population of Ukraine is significantly lower than that one in the developed countries of the world. According to the car road characteristics, Ukraine has long been behind not only the countries of Western Europe, but many post-Soviet countries. A necessary condition of the effective development and managing crisis in the transport branch, particularly that caused by the COVID 19 pandemics, is development and modernizing transport infrastructure of Ukraine according to the modern technological requirements. This will provide for uniform development of all regions of Ukraine, improved population life quality, development of trade and tourism as well as creation of new economic opportunities by attracting foreign investment.

scholarly journals A New Approach of Smart Mobility for Heavy Goods Vehicles in Casablanca

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Mouhcine Maaroufi ◽  
Laila Stour ◽  
Ali Agoumi
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Smart Mobility ◽  
Heavy Goods Vehicles

Managing mobility, both of people and goods, in cities is a thorny issue. The travel needs of urban populations are increasing and put pressure on transport infrastructure. The Moroccan cities are no exception and will struggle, in the short term, to respond to the challenges of the acceleration of the phenomenon of urbanization and the increase in demand for mobility. This will inevitably prevent them from turning into smart cities. The term smart certainly alludes to better use of technologies, but smart mobility is also defined as “a set of coordinated actions intended to improve the efficiency, effectiveness and environmental sustainability of cities” [1]. The term mobility highlights the preponderance of humans over infrastructure and vehicles. Faced with traffic congestion, the solutions currently adopted which consist of fitting out and widening the infrastructures, only encourage more trips and report the problem with more critical consequences. It is true that beyond a certain density of traffic, even Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) are not useful. The concept of dynamic lane management or Advanced Traffic Management (ATM) opens up new perspectives. Its objective is to manage and optimize road traffic in a variable manner, in space and in time. This article is a summary of the development of a road infrastructure dedicated to Heavy Goods Vehicles (HGV), the first of its kind in Morocco. It aims to avoid the discomfort caused by trucks in the urban road network of the city of Casablanca. This research work is an opportunity to reflect on the introduction of ITS and ATM to ensure optimal use of existing infrastructure before embarking on heavy and irreversible infrastructure projects.

scholarly journals “Mass Centre” Vectorization Algorithm for Vehicle’s Counting Portable Video System

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-297
Author(s):  
Vladislav Gaidash ◽  
Alexander Grakovski
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Intelligent Transport Systems ◽  
Basic Algorithm ◽  
Counting System ◽  
Object A ◽  
Intelligent Transport ◽  
Mass Centre ◽  
Mobile Vehicle

Abstract Vehicle counting is one of the most basic challenges during the development and establishment of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS). The main reason for vehicle counting is the necessity of monitoring and maintaining the transport infrastructure, preventing different kind of faults such as traffic jams. The main applied solution to this problem is video surveillance, which is presented by different kind of systems. Some of these systems use a network of static traffic cameras, expensive for establish and maintain, or mobile units, fast for redeployment, but fewer in diversity. In this paper, one particular concept of a low-cost mobile vehicle counting system is investigated, which uses an object detection method based on calculating “mass centre” of detected features of possible object. A hypothesis of improvement of the basic algorithm was formulated and a modification was proposed. In order to prove the hypothesis, both basic and modified algorithms were tested and evaluated.

scholarly journals The impact of globalization on transport investment

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 11002
Author(s):  
Florin Dobre ◽  
Valentin Pauna ◽  
Alexandru Cristian Vasilescu ◽  
Ovidiu Andrei Cristian Buzoianu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Public Funding ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
European Level ◽  
Gradual Development ◽  
The Impact

Research background: The economic impact of investing in new transport capacity or improving existing ones is complex and often indirect. Loans for infrastructure are often needed, but they cannot create sufficient conditions for economic growth. Investments in transport infrastructure require public funding. An assessment of their cost-effectiveness is needed to ensure a reasonable and acceptable allocation. Relevant economic, environmental and social effects must be taken into account. There is a growing concern in the transport sector about decisions on the development of the transport system and the effects of scale and externalities they produce. Planners and decision-makers need to know more about the wider economic impact of individual infrastructure projects and transport policies in general. Purpose of the article: This paper aims to present the most important theoretical and practical aspects of the importance of transport investment worldwide, at European level and Romania. Investments in transport infrastructure will not improve the economic vitality of a region unless it has sufficient economic capacity and employment, land use and economic development policies. Methods: This article starts from the hypothesis of the influence of globalization on the development of transport systems in general and applies as a case study on Romania. The paper was based on the analysis of transport legislation, as well as data sets for the period 2011-2019, to observe the gradual development of all types of transport. Findings & Value added: Following these researches, the link between globalization and investments in transport systems was found by emphasizing accessibility to new infrastructures, new horizons and development plans for the main types of transport, which is a key element in economic activity. The main results were disseminated throughout the article and it adds value through the analysis created at global and regional level (at European level) and the interpretation of statistical data related to transport investments.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document