scholarly journals Palladium Nanoparticles Functionalized with PVP-Quercetin Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Activates Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1988
Author(s):  
Hilda Amelia Piñón-Castillo ◽  
Rigoberto Martínez-Chamarro ◽  
Reyna Reyes-Martínez ◽  
Yarely M. Salinas-Vera ◽  
Laura A. Manjarrez-Nevárez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Palladium Nanoparticles ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cells

Nanotechnology is focused on the development and application of novel nanomaterials with particular physicochemical properties. Palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) have been used as antimicrobials, antifungals, and photochemicals and for catalytic activity in dye reduction. In the present investigation, we developed and characterized PdNPs as a carrier of quercetin and initiated a study of its effects in colorectal cancer cells. PdNPs were first functionalized with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and then coupled to quercetin (PdNPs-PVP-Q). Our results showed that quercetin was efficiently incorporated to PdNPs-PVP, as demonstrated using UV/Vis and FT-IR spectroscopy. Using transmission electron microscopy, we demonstrated a reduction in size from 3–14.47 nm of PdNPs alone to 1.8–7.4 nm of PdNPs-PVP and to 2.12–3.14 of PdNPs-PVP-Q, indicating an increase in superficial area in functionalized PdNPs-Q. Moreover, hydrodynamic size studies using dynamic light scattering showed a reduction in size from 2120.33 nm ± 112.53 with PdNPs alone to 129.96 nm ± 6.23 for PdNPs-PVP-Q, suggesting a major reactivity when quercetin is coupled to nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction assays show that the addition of PVP or quercetin to PdNPs does not influence the crystallinity state. Catalytic activity assays of PdNPs-PVP-Q evidenced the chemical reduction of 4-nitrophenol, methyl orange, and methyl blue, thus confirming an electron acceptor capacity of nanoparticles. Finally, biological activity studies using MTT assays showed a significant inhibition (p < 0.05) of cell proliferation of HCT-15 colorectal cancer cells exposed to PdNPs-PVP-Q in comparison to untreated cells. Moreover, treatment with PdNPs-PVP-Q resulted in the apoptosis activation of HCT-15 cells. In conclusion, here we show for the first time the development of PdNPs-PVP-Q and evidence its biological activities through the inhibition of cell proliferation and apoptosis activation in colorectal cancer cells in vitro.

scholarly journals Production of nanoliposomes with piperine from black pepper (Piper nigrum) and its improved growth inhibitory activity on colorectal cancer cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 671-678
Author(s):  
Le Nhat Minh ◽  
Tran Thi Minh Anh ◽  
Tran Van Loc ◽  
Phung Thi Kim Hue ◽  
Do Thi Thao
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cells ◽  
Ht 29

Black pepper (Piper nigrum) is an autoicous and decorous vine cultivated in many local regions of Gia Lai. Black pepper is one of the most commonly consumed spices, and its pungency is due to the presence of alkaloids, such as piperine. This compound represents diverse biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiviral, anti-larvicidal, pesticide, anti-alzheimer’s activities, etc. However, due to its poor solubility as well as its toxic effects at high use concentration, piperine is still in limit of pharmaceutical applications. In this study, we have used black pepper seed collected at Chu Se - Gia Lai to extract piperine. The compound extracted efficiency was approximately 18% with 96.7% of purity. Based on the obtained pure piperine, the hybrid nanopiperine-CD133 monoclonal antibody (mAb^CD133) complexes were fabricated with the nanoparticle size of about 170 nm, the polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.23 and the zeta potential of -9.4 mV. The nanocomplex was subjected for growth inhibitory activities against cancer colorectal cells (HT-29 cell line). The results showed that the nanopiperine-mAb^CD133 complex exhibited significant in vitro growth inhibition HT-29 colorectal cancer cells (46.56 ± 2.78%), while the viability of healthy cells remained unaffected (17.77 ± 0.82 %). The nanocomplex could also label 12.17% of HT-29 cells, which was rather higher than 3.83% from mAb^CD133 conjugated phycoerythrin (PE) as positive control. The fabricated nanopiperine-mAb^CD133 complex has proved the enhanced cytotoxic activities against colorectal cancerous cells as well as promising biopharmaceutical potency.

scholarly journals Pals1 prevents Rac1-dependent colorectal cancer cell metastasis by inhibiting Arf6

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Mareike Lüttgenau ◽  
Christin Emming ◽  
Thomas Wagner ◽  
Julia Harms ◽  
Justine Guske ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Scaffolding Protein ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Tight Junction Formation ◽  
Cell Metastasis ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cells

AbstractLoss of apical-basal polarity and downregulation of cell-cell contacts is a critical step during the pathogenesis of cancer. Both processes are regulated by the scaffolding protein Pals1, however, it is unclear whether the expression of Pals1 is affected in cancer cells and whether Pals1 is implicated in the pathogenesis of the disease.Using mRNA expression data and immunostainings of cancer specimen, we show that Pals1 is frequently downregulated in colorectal cancer, correlating with poorer survival of patients. We further found that Pals1 prevents cancer cell metastasis by controlling Rac1-dependent cell migration through inhibition of Arf6, which is independent of the canonical binding partners of Pals1. Loss of Pals1 in colorectal cancer cells results in increased Arf6 and Rac1 activity, enhanced cell migration and invasion in vitro and increased metastasis of transplanted tumor cells in mice. Thus, our data reveal a new function of Pals1 as a key inhibitor of cell migration and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells. Notably, this new function is independent of the known role of Pals1 in tight junction formation and apical-basal polarity.

scholarly journals Dehydrodiisoeugenol inhibits colorectal cancer growth by endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced autophagic pathways

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Changhong Li ◽  
Kui Zhang ◽  
Guangzhao Pan ◽  
Haoyan Ji ◽  
Chongyang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Er Stress ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Tumor Xenograft ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cells

Abstract Background Dehydrodiisoeugenol (DEH), a novel lignan component extracted from nutmeg, which is the seed of Myristica fragrans Houtt, displays noticeable anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects in digestive system diseases. However, the mechanism of its anticancer activity in gastrointestinal cancer remains to be investigated. Methods In this study, the anticancer effect of DEH on human colorectal cancer and its underlying mechanism were evaluated. Assays including MTT, EdU, Plate clone formation, Soft agar, Flow cytometry, Electron microscopy, Immunofluorescence and Western blotting were used in vitro. The CDX and PDX tumor xenograft models were used in vivo. Results Our findings indicated that treatment with DEH arrested the cell cycle of colorectal cancer cells at the G1/S phase, leading to significant inhibition in cell growth. Moreover, DEH induced strong cellular autophagy, which could be inhibited through autophagic inhibitors, with a rction in the DEH-induced inhibition of cell growth in colorectal cancer cells. Further analysis indicated that DEH also induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and subsequently stimulated autophagy through the activation of PERK/eIF2α and IRE1α/XBP-1 s/CHOP pathways. Knockdown of PERK or IRE1α significantly decreased DEH-induced autophagy and retrieved cell viability in cells treated with DEH. Furthermore, DEH also exhibited significant anticancer activities in the CDX- and PDX-models. Conclusions Collectively, our studies strongly suggest that DEH might be a potential anticancer agent against colorectal cancer by activating ER stress-induced inhibition of autophagy.

scholarly journals MicroRNA-124 Regulates the Proliferation of Colorectal Cancer Cells by TargetingiASPP

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuijie Liu ◽  
Hua Zhao ◽  
Hongliang Yao ◽  
Sanlin Lei ◽  
Zhendong Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Target Prediction ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Luciferase Reporter Gene ◽  
Small Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cells ◽  
Microrna 124

MicroRNAs are a class of small, noncoding RNAs that function as critical regulators of gene expression by targeting mRNAs for translational repression or degradation. In this study, we demonstrate that expression of microRNA-124 (miR-124) is significantly downregulated in colorectal cancer tissues and cell lines, compared to the matched adjacent tissues. We identified and confirmed inhibitor of apoptosis-stimulating protein of p53 (iASPP) as a novel, direct target of miR-124 using target prediction algorithms and luciferase reporter gene assays. Overexpression of miR-124 suppressed iASPP protein expression, upregulated expression of the downstream signaling molecule nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and attenuated cell viability, proliferation, and colony formation in SW480 and HT-29 colorectal cancer cells in vitro. Forced overexpression ofiASPPpartly rescued the inhibitory effect of miR-124 on SW480 and HT29 cell proliferation. Taken together, these findings shed light on the role and mechanism of action of miR-124, indicate that the miR-124/iASPP axis can regulate the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells, and suggest that miR-124 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for colorectal cancer.

scholarly journals Human Endogenous Retrovirus (HERV)-K env Gene Knockout Affects Tumorigenic Characteristics of nupr1 Gene in DLD-1 Colorectal Cancer Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 3941
Author(s):  
Eun-Ji Ko ◽  
Mee-Sun Ock ◽  
Yung-Hyun Choi ◽  
Juan L. Iovanna ◽  
Seyoung Mun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Gene Knockout ◽  
Endogenous Retroviruses ◽  
Human Endogenous Retrovirus ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Nude Mouse Model ◽  
Env Protein

Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are suggested to be involved in the development of certain diseases, especially cancers. To elucidate the function of HERV-K Env protein in cancers, an HERV-K env gene knockout (KO) in DLD-1 colorectal cancer cell lines was generated using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. Transcriptome analysis of HERV-K env KO cells using next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed to identify the key genes associated with the function of HERV-K Env protein. The proliferation of HERV-K env KO cells was significantly reduced in in vitro culture as well as in in vivo nude mouse model. Tumorigenic characteristics, including migration, invasion, and tumor colonization, were also significantly reduced in HERV-K env KO cells. Whereas, they were enhanced in HERV-K env over-expressing DLD-1 cells. The expression of nuclear protein-1 (NUPR1), an ER-stress response factor that plays an important role in cell proliferation, migration, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in cancer cells, significantly reduced in HERV-K env KO cells. ROS levels and ROS-related gene expression was also significantly reduced in HERV-K env KO cells. Cells transfected with NUPR1 siRNA (small interfering RNA) exhibited the same phenotype as HERV-K env KO cells. These results suggest that the HERV-K env gene affects tumorigenic characteristics, including cell proliferation, migration, and tumor colonization through NUPR1 related pathway.

scholarly journals MSH2 is required for cell proliferation, cell cycle control and cell invasiveness in colorectal cancer cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (20) ◽  
pp. 2580-2585
Author(s):  
Kai Shen ◽  
YingJiang Ye ◽  
KeWei Jiang ◽  
Bin Liang ◽  
XiaoDong Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cell Cycle Control ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cells ◽  
Cell Invasiveness
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