scholarly journals Effect of Systemic Zoledronic Acid Dosing Regimens on Bone Regeneration in Osteoporotic Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1906
Author(s):  
Marwa Y. Shaheen ◽  
Amani M. Basudan ◽  
Abdurahman A. Niazy ◽  
Jeroen J. J. P. van den Beucken ◽  
John A. Jansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Graft ◽  
Bone Grafting ◽  
Femoral Condyle ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Osteoporotic Bone ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Graft Placement ◽  
Regeneration Of Bone

The aim of this study was to evaluate the regeneration of bone defects created in the femoral condyle of osteoporotic rats, following intravenous (IV) zoledronate (ZA) treatment in three settings: pre-bone grafting (ZA-Pre), post-bone grafting (ZA-Post), and pre- plus post-bone grafting (ZA-Pre+Post). Twenty-four female Wistar rats were ovariectomized (OVX). After 12 weeks, bone defects were created in the left femoral condyle. All defects were grafted with a particulate inorganic cancellous bovine bone substitute. ZA (0.04 mg/kg, weekly) was administered to six rats 4 weeks pre-bone graft placement. To another six rats, ZA was given post-bone graft placement creation and continued for 6 weeks. Additional six rats received ZA treatment pre- and post-bone graft placement. Control animals received weekly saline intravenous injections. At 6 weeks post-bone graft placement, samples were retrieved for histological evaluation of the bone area percentage (BA%) and remaining bone graft percentage (RBG%). BA% for ZA-Pre (50.1 ± 3.5%) and ZA-Post (49.2 ± 8.2%) rats was significantly increased compared to that of the controls (35.4 ± 5.4%, p-value 0.031 and 0.043, respectively). In contrast, ZA-Pre+Post rats (40.7 ± 16.0%) showed similar BA% compared to saline controls (p = 0.663). For RBG%, all experimental groups showed similar results ranging from 36.3 to 47.1%. Our data indicate that pre- or post-surgical systemic IV administration of ZA improves the regeneration of bone defects grafted with inorganic cancellous bovine-bone particles in osteoporotic bone conditions. However, no favorable effect on bone repair was seen for continued pre- plus post-surgical ZA treatment.

Effects of leukocyte‐ and platelet‐rich fibrin associated or not with bovine bone graft on the healing of bone defects in rats with osteoporosis induced by ovariectomy

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 962-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Engler‐Pinto ◽  
Selma Siéssere ◽  
Ana Calefi ◽  
Luiz Oliveira ◽  
Edilson Ervolino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Graft ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Platelet Rich Fibrin

From bench to clinic and back: skeletal stem cells and impaction bone grafting for regeneration of bone defects

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 779-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Aarvold ◽  
J. O. Smith ◽  
E. R. Tayton ◽  
A. M. H. Jones ◽  
J. I. Dawson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Grafting ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Impaction Bone Grafting ◽  
Regeneration Of Bone

scholarly journals Vascularized bone grafts for post-traumatic defects in the upper extremity

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-90
Author(s):  
Giovanna Petrella ◽  
Daniele Tosi ◽  
Filippo Pantaleoni ◽  
Roberto Adani
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Bone Grafting ◽  
Femoral Condyle ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Tissue Loss ◽  
Surgical Reconstruction ◽  
Non Union ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Vascularized Bone

Vascularized bone grafts (VBGs) are widely employed to reconstruct upper extremity bone defects. Conventional bone grafting is generally used to treat defects smaller than 5–6 cm, when tissue vascularization is adequate and there is no infection risk. Vascularized fibular grafts (VFGs) are mainly used in the humerus, radius or ulna in cases of persistent non-union where traditional bone grafting has failed or for bone defects larger than 6 cm. Furthermore, VFGs are considered to be the standard treatment for large bone defects located in the radius, ulna and humerus and enable the reconstruction of soft-tissue loss, as VFGs can be harvested as osteocutaneous flaps. VBGs enable one-stage surgical reconstruction and are highly infection-resistant because of their autonomous vascularization. A vascularized medial femoral condyle (VFMC) free flap can be used to treat small defects and non-unions in the upper extremity. Relative contraindications to these procedures are diabetes, immunosuppression, chronic infections, alcohol, tobacco, drug abuse and obesity. The aim of our study was to illustrate the use of VFGs to treat large post-traumatic bone defects and osteomyelitis located in the upper extremity. Moreover, the use of VFMC autografts is presented.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium in bone regeneration in animal and human models: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Paula Benavides-Castellanos ◽  
Nathaly Garzón-Orjuela ◽  
Itali Linero
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Conditioned Medium ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Human Models ◽  
Regeneration Of Bone

Abstract Background Given the limitations of current therapies for the reconstruction of bone defects, regenerative medicine has arisen as a new therapeutic strategy along with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which, because of their osteogenic potential and immunomodulatory properties, have emerged as a promising alternative for the treatment of bone injuries. In vivo studies have demonstrated that MSCs have a positive effect on regeneration due to their secretion of cytokines and growth factors that, when collected in conditioned medium (MSC-CM) and applied to an injured tissue, can modulate and promote the formation of new tissue. Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of application of conditioned medium derived from mesenchymal stem cells in bone regeneration in animal and human models. Methods We conducted a systematic review with a comprehensive search through February of 2018 using several electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, CENTRAL (Ovid), and LILACS), and we also used the “snowballing technique”. Articles that met the inclusion criteria were selected through abstract review and subsequent assessment of the full text. We assessed the risk of bias with the SYRCLE and Cochrane tools, and three meta-analyses were performed. Results We included 21 articles, 19 of which used animal models and 2 of which used human models. In animal models, the application of MSC-CM significantly increased the regeneration of bone defects in comparison with control groups. Human studies reported early mineralization in regenerated bones, and no bone resorption, inflammation, nor local or systemic alterations were observed in any case. The meta-analysis showed an overall favorable effect of the application of MSC-CM. Conclusions The application of MSC-CM to bone defects has a positive and favorable effect on the repair and regeneration of bone tissue, particularly in animal models. It is necessary to perform additional studies to support the application of MSC-CM in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Stability of Implants Supported By Three Types of Bone Grafting Materials in Dogs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Gholami ◽  
Farzaneh Ahrari ◽  
Hamideh Salari Sedigh ◽  
Christoph Bourauel ◽  
Latifeh Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Defects ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Simultaneous Procedure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bone Grafting Materials ◽  
Synthetic Calcium Phosphate ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Grafting Materials ◽  
Regeneration Of Bone ◽  
Bovine Bone Mineral

Abstract Background: This study was conducted to assess the stability of implants placed in a simultaneous procedure with different grafting materials (autogenous, xenogenous, and synthetic) in experimentally induced bone defects in dogs.Methods: Thirteen dogs were included and divided into three groups according to the time of sacrificing. Oversized osteotomies were prepared in the sternum, and the implants were placed in bone defects. A total of 3 to 5 implants were placed per animal. Each group of animals contained 3 subgroups according to the grafting material utilized. In subgroup 1, autograft was applied, whereas in subgroups 2 and 3, bovine bone mineral (Cerabone) and a synthetic calcium phosphate substitute (Osteon II) were employed. At the end of the specified healing periods (2 months, 4 months, or 6 months), the animals were sacrificed and the implant stability was determined through measuring the resonance frequency.Results: Forty-five integrated implants were obtained from this study and nine were lost (failure rate 17%). The two-way analysis of variance revealed no significant difference in ISQ measurements either between the bone graft materials (autogenous, xenogenous, and synthetic; P=0.950) or between the healing intervals (2 months, 4 months, and 6 months; P=0.769)Conclusions: The stability of implants augmented with autogenous, xenogenous (Cerabone) or synthetic (Osteon II) graft materials was comparable at 2, 4 and 6 months after placement. This indicates that both Cerabone and Osteon II could be considered as suitable substitutes for regeneration of bone defects to overcome the limitations of autografts.

Bone regeneration and gene expression in bone defects under healthy and osteoporotic bone conditions using two commercially available bone graft substitutes

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 035003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire I A van Houdt ◽  
Carla R Tim ◽  
Murilo C Crovace ◽  
Edgar D Zanotto ◽  
Oscar Peitl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Bone Graft ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Osteoporotic Bone ◽  
Bone Graft Substitutes

scholarly journals Prominent Resident’s Ridge as a Potential Cause of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Impingement: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandeep Singh Dhillon ◽  
Aman Hooda ◽  
Pratik M Rathod
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Bone Graft ◽  
Patellar Tendon ◽  
Femoral Condyle ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Graft Placement ◽  
Femoral Attachment ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Bone Patellar Tendon

Introduction: The resident’s ridge is an arthroscopic landmark that is consistent with the anterior border of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) femoral attachment. The identification of the landmark allows for accurate graft placement. Case Report: We report a case of a 30-year athletic individual with an ACL-deficient knee, who had an abnormally large resident’s ridge, abutting the midsubstance of the torn ACL; the residual femoral attachment was behind the ridge. Resection and burring of this ridge were needed to expose the posterior aspect of the intercondylar notch; even after bone-patellar tendon-bone graft placement, some additional removal of bone had to be done to reduce graft impingement on this area in extension. Conclusion: Abnormal resident’s ridge may be misleading about the anatomy of the lateral femoral condyle area. Appropriate resection of abnormal bone is the key to the identification of femoral footprint and graft placement. We speculate that this bony projection may even have contributed to the ACL injury, and extra bone had to be removed to minimize subsequent impingement. Keywords: Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, resident’s ridge, knee arthroscopy, anterior cruciate ligament impingement, bone-patellar tendon-bone graft.

Effects of safflower seed extracts and bovine bone on regeneration of bone defects in mongrel dogs

2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Jin Seo ◽  
Tak Kim ◽  
Sung-Hee Pi ◽  
Gi-Yon Yun ◽  
Hyung-Keun You ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Defects ◽  
Safflower Seed ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Regeneration Of Bone ◽  
Seed Extracts

scholarly journals Histological and Histomorphometric Analyses of Bone Regeneration in Osteoporotic Rats Using a Xenograft Material

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 222
Author(s):  
Marwa Y. Shaheen ◽  
Amani M. Basudan ◽  
Abdurahman A. Niazy ◽  
Jeroen J. J. P. van den Beucken ◽  
John A. Jansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Defect Area ◽  
Female Wistar Rats

We evaluated the effect of osteoporotic induction after eight weeks of initial healing of bone defects grafted with a xenograft material in a rat model. Bone defects were created in the femoral condyles of 16 female Wistar rats (one defect per rat). The defects were filled with bovine bone (Inter-Oss) granules. After eight weeks of bone healing, rats were randomly ovariectomized (OVX) or sham-operated (SHAM). At 14 weeks of bone healing, all animals were euthanized. Bone specimens were harvested and processed for histological and histomorphometric analyses to assess new bone formation (N-BF%), remaining bone graft (RBG%) and trabecular bone space (Tb.Sp%) within the defect area. After 14 weeks of bone healing, histological evaluation revealed a significant alteration in trabecular bone in OVX rats compared to SHAM rats. There was lower N-BF% in OVX rats (22.5% ± 3.0%) compared to SHAM rats (37.7% ± 7.9%; p < 0.05). Additionally, the RBG% was significantly lower in OVX (23.7% ± 5.8%) compared to SHAM (34.8% ± 9.6%; p < 0.05) rats. Finally, the Tb.Sp% was higher in OVX (53.8% ± 7.7%) compared to SHAM (27.5% ± 14.3%; p < 0.05) rats. In conclusion, within the limitations of this study, inducing an osteoporotic condition in a rat model negatively influenced bone regeneration in the created bone defect and grafted with a xenograft material.

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