scholarly journals Contamination of Heavy Metals, Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins/Furans and Dioxin-Like Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Wharf Roach Ligia spp. In Japanese Intertidal and Supratidal Zones

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1856
Author(s):  
Masato Honda ◽  
Xuchun Qiu ◽  
Suzanne Lydia Undap ◽  
Takeshi Kimura ◽  
Tsuguhide Hori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans ◽  
Environmental Indicator ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Total Concentrations

We investigated the pollution levels of 6 heavy metals and 29 dioxins (polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs)) in intertidal and supratidal zones by using wharf roaches (Ligia spp.) collected from 12 sampling sites on the coast of Northeast Japan from November 2011 to June 2012. The total concentrations of heavy metals ranged from 177 to 377 µg/g-dry weight (dw), and the predominant metals were copper, zinc, and aluminum. The order of the detected level of heavy metals was zinc > aluminum > copper > cadmium > lead > chromium, and this trend was similar to a previous report. The total toxic equivalent (TEQ) value of the PCDD/Fs ranged from less than the limit of detection (<LOD) to 2.33 pg-TEQ/g-dw, and the predominant congener was octachlorodibenzodioxin (<LOD to 110 pg/g-dw). Compared with PCDD/Fs, DL-PCBs were detected at a predominantly higher level (total TEQ value: 0.64–27.79 pg-TEQ/g-dw). Detected levels of dioxins, especially DL-PCBs in the wharf roach, were like those in the bivalves. These results indicate that the wharf roach could reflect heavy metals and dioxin pollution in the supratidal zones and is a suitable environmental indicator for these environmental pollutants. This is the first study to investigate heavy metals, PCDD/Fs, and DL-PCBs pollution in coastal isopods in Japan.

Study of the Process of Heavy Metals Cations Mineralization by Poly-Component Structures Based on Calcium and Magnesium Silicates

2020 ◽  
Vol 989 ◽  
pp. 103-109
Author(s):  
Tatiana M. Lonzinger ◽  
Vadim A. Skotnikov ◽  
Alexey M. Sukharev
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Acidic Environment ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Calcium Silicates ◽  
Magnesium Silicates ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium ◽  
Leaching Reaction

In order to achieve the goal of absorption of environmental pollutants, poly-component materials based on magnesium and calcium silicates - metal cations mineralizers – have been synthesized. The study of the processes of mineralization was carried out using model solutions containing soluble sulphates of copper, zinc, manganese and iron. The studies carried out have shown that the synthesized mineralizer based on calcium and magnesium silicates has a multicomponent structure with active electrochemically inhomogeneous centres on its surface as a result of breaking the Ca-O-Si, Mg-O-Si bonds, hydration and leaching of the Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions. In an acidic environment, the leaching reaction is activated due to H+ adsorption and the weakening of the bond between Ca2+ and O2-, thus making the transition of Ca2+ into the liquid phase more advantageous. As a result, a negatively charged ≡Si-O-layer enriched with silicon is formed, which is able to interact chemically with heavy metal ions present in the electrolyte solution.

scholarly journals Pollutant bioaccumulation in anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) tissue, fish species of commercial interest at the Romanian Black Sea coast

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mădălina Galaţchi ◽  
Andra Oros ◽  
Valentina Coatu ◽  
Mioara Costache ◽  
Dragomir Coprean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Engraulis Encrasicolus ◽  
Commercial Interest ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
Pollutant Bioaccumulation ◽  
Sea Coast

AbstractThe pollution of the marine ecosystem is a world-wide problem. Heavy metals and organochlorine compounds are among the most harmful elemental pollutants and are of particular concern because of their toxicity to humans. Anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus, Linnaeus 1758), small pelagic fish with a key ecological role in the marine food web, is an important link connecting the lower and upper trophic levels, being also a valuable species for human consumption. Thus, anchovy samples were collected from different stations along the Romanian Black Sea coast and the analyzed contaminants were organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Ni, Cu and Cr) in muscle tissue. Cd and Pb are the heavy metals that exceeded the allowed levels under the EU legislation (0.3 μg/g), Cd recorded values within the range 0.29-0.51 μg/g (average 0.36 ± 0.09 μg/g) and Pb recorded values within the interval 0.29-1.62 μg/g (average 0.75 ± 0.57 μg/g). Regarding organochlorine pesticides, the highest level was recorded by p,p′-DDE (6.76±1.21 ng/g/dry weight), followed by p,p′-DDD (3.88±0.97 ng/g/dry weight). Among PCB’s, the highest level was recorded by PCB 28 (5.19±1.29 ng/g/dry weight). The results of this study revealed that heavy metals, pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls values identified in anchovy tissue, species of commercial interest from the Black Sea, are not threatening to human consumers.

Recent Trends in Development of Nanomaterials Based Green Analytical Methods for Environmental Remediation

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidra Amin ◽  
Amber R. Solangi ◽  
Dilawar Hassan ◽  
Nadir Hussain ◽  
Jamil Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Environmental Chemistry ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Electrochemical Analysis ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Nano Materials ◽  
Limit Of Quantification

Background: In recent years, the occurrence and fate of environmental pollutants has been recognized as one of the emerging issues in environmental chemistry. A survey documented about a wide variety of these pollutants, which are often detected in our environment and these are major cause of shortened life spans and the global warming. These pollutants include toxic metal, pesticides, fertilizers, drugs and dyes released into soil and major water bodies. The presence of these contaminants causes major disturbance in eco-system’s balance. To tackle these issues many technological improvements are made to detect minute contaminations. The latest issue being answered by the scientists is the use of green nano materials as sensors which are economical, instant and give much better results at low concentrations and can be used for the field measurements resulting in no dangerous by-product that could lead to more environmental contamination. Nano materials are known for their wide band gap, enhanced physical and optical properties with option of tuneablity as per need, by optimizing certain parameters. They are proved to be good choice for analytical/optical sensors with high sensitivity. Objective: This review holds information about multiple methods that use green nanomaterials for the analytical assessment of environmental pollutants. UV-Vis spectrophotometry and electrochemical analysis using green and reproducible nanomaterials are the major focus of this review article. To date, there are number of spectrophotometric and electro chemical methods available that have been used for the detection of environmental pollutants such as toxic metals, pesticides and dyes. Conclusion: The use of nanomaterials can drastically change the detection limits due to having large surface area, strong catalytic properties, and tunable possibility. With the use of nano materials, lower than the marked limit of detection and limit of quantification were seen when compared with previously reported work. The used nano-materials could be washed, dried, and reused, which makes the methods more proficient, cost effective and environmentally friendly.

scholarly journals Innovative Ultrasound-Assisted Approaches towards Reduction of Heavy Metals and Iodine in Macroalgal Biomass

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 649
Author(s):  
Estefanía Noriega-Fernández ◽  
Izumi Sone ◽  
Leire Astráin-Redín ◽  
Leena Prabhu ◽  
Morten Sivertsvik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Laminaria Hyperborea ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Macroalgal Biomass ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
I 31

The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential of ultrasound (US), alone or in combination with mild heating and/or EDTA towards reduction of As, Cd, I, and Hg content of Laminaria hyperborea. Concentrations of As, Cd, I, and Hg of 56.29, 0.596, 7340, and <0.01 mg kg−1 of dry weight, respectively, were found in L. hyperborea blades. Treatment with US at 50 °C increased approx. 2-fold the amount of As released, although did not affect significantly the content of Cd or I, as compared to control (no US) samples. Reducing the temperature to 8 °C significantly decreased the effect of US, but heating at 80 °C did not cause a significant effect as compared to treatments at 50 °C. On the other hand, treatment with 0.1 N EDTA at 50 °C enhanced the percentage of Cd released by approximately 7-fold, regardless of sonication. In the present work, the combination of US and EDTA at 50 °C for 5 min led to a significant reduction of the As (32%), Cd (52%) and I (31%) content in L. hyperborea, thus improving the product’s safety for consumers.

scholarly journals Cadmium, Lead, Copper, Zinc, and Iron Concentration Patterns in Three Marine Fish Species from Two Different Mining Sites inside the Gulf of California, Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 844
Author(s):  
Elisa Serviere-Zaragoza ◽  
Salvador E. Lluch-Cota ◽  
Alejandra Mazariegos-Villarreal ◽  
Eduardo F. Balart ◽  
Hugo Valencia-Valdez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Gulf Of California ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Cadmium Lead

In the Gulf of California; mineral deposits have contributed to high metal contents in coastal environments. This study examined cadmium; lead; copper; zinc; and iron contents in three fish species; Kyphosus vaigiensis (herbivore), Stegastes rectifraenum (omnivore), and Balistes polylepis (carnivore) at two mining sites. Metal concentrations were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and stable nitrogen and carbon isotopes were estimated using mass spectrophotometry. Also, we assessed the risk to human health from the consumption of these three species based on permissible limits; although only two of them (Kyphosus and Balistes) are consumed as food. Metal concentrations differed among fish species; except for iron. The highest concentrations of metals were not always recorded in the species at the highest trophic level; i.e., Balistes. The highest concentrations (dry weight) recorded were cadmium (0.21 ± 0.03 µg g−1) and lead (1.67 ± 0.26 µg g−1), in S. rectifraenum; copper (1.60 ± 0.49 µg g−1) and zinc (67.30 ± 8.79 µg g−1), in B. polylepis; and iron (27.06 ± 2.58 µg g−1), in K. vaigiensis. Our findings show that each element accumulates differently in particular marine organisms; depending on the physiology of the species and the biogeochemistry of its habitat; which in turn is affected by the anthropogenic activities in adjacent areas. No risk of heavy metals toxicity is expected from the human consumption of the species and sites studied

scholarly journals Research on heavy metal level and co-occurrence network in typical ecological fragile area

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiwei Zhao ◽  
Liangmin Gao ◽  
Fugeng Zha ◽  
Xiaoqing Chen ◽  
Xiaofang Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Soil Parent Material ◽  
Sampling Points

AbstractDue to the special sensitivity of typical ecologically fragile areas, a series of human life, mining, and other activities have a greater impact on the environment. In this study, three coal mines in Ordos City on the Loess Plateau were selected as the study area, and the pollution levels of heavy metals in the area were studied by measuring As, Hg, Cr, Cd, Cu, Ni, and Pb in the soil of 131 sampling points. Combined with the concept of “co-occurrence network” in biology, the level of heavy metals in soil was studied using geostatistics and remote sensing databases. The results showed that the concentrations of Hg, Cr, Ni, Cu, and Pb in more than half of the sampling points were higher than the local environmental background value, but did not exceed the risk control value specified by China, indicating that human factors have a greater influence, while Cd and As elements are mainly affected Soil parent material and human factors influence. Heavy metal elements have nothing to do with clay and silt but have an obvious correlation with gravel. Cd, Pb, As and Ni, Cd, Cr are all positively correlated, and different heavy metals are in space The distribution also reflects the autocorrelation, mainly concentrated in the northeast of the TS mining area and the middle of the PS mining area.

scholarly journals Correlation between Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Wharf Roach (Ligia spp.) and Environmental Components of the Intertidal and Supralittoral Zone along the Japanese Coast

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 630
Author(s):  
Masato Honda ◽  
Koki Mukai ◽  
Edward Nagato ◽  
Seiichi Uno ◽  
Yuji Oshima
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Sea Of Japan ◽  
Ratio Analysis ◽  
Environmental Indicator ◽  
Diagnostic Ratio ◽  
Environmental Media ◽  
Japanese Coast ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Pah Exposure ◽  
Drifting Seaweed

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations in wharf roach (Ligia spp.), as an environmental indicator, and in environmental components of the intertidal and supralittoral zones were determined, and the PAH exposure pathways in wharf roach were estimated. Wharf roaches, mussels, and environmental media (water, soil and sand, and drifting seaweed) were collected from 12 sites in Japan along coastal areas of the Sea of Japan. PAH concentrations in wharf roaches were higher than those in mussels (median total of 15 PAHs: 48.5 and 39.9 ng/g-dry weight (dw), respectively) except for samples from Ishikawa (wharf roach: 47.9 ng/g-dw; mussel: 132 ng/g-dw). The highest total PAH concentration in wharf roach was from Akita (96.0 ng/g-dw), followed by a sample from Niigata (85.2 ng/g-dw). Diagnostic ratio analysis showed that nearly all PAHs in soil and sand were of petrogenic origin. Based on a correlation analysis of PAH concentrations between wharf roach and the environmental components, wharf roach exposure to three- and four-ring PAHs was likely from food (drifting seaweed) and from soil and sand, whereas exposure to four- and five-ring PAHs was from several environmental components. These findings suggest that the wharf roach can be used to monitor PAH pollution in the supralittoral zone and in the intertidal zone.

scholarly journals Semen quality as a potential susceptibility indicator to SARS-CoV-2 insults in polluted areas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Montano ◽  
Francesco Donato ◽  
Pietro Massimiliano Bianco ◽  
Gennaro Lettieri ◽  
Antonino Guglielmino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Semen Quality ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
The Body ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Potential Indicator ◽  
Harmful Effects

AbstractThe epidemic of the new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has impacted worldwide with its infectious spread and mortality rate. Thousands of articles have been published to tackle this crisis and many of these have indicated that high air pollution levels may be a contributing factor to high outbreak rates of COVID-19. Atmospheric pollutants, indeed, producing oxidative stress, inflammation, immuno-unbalance, and systemic coagulation, may be a possible significant co-factor of further damage, rendering the body prone to infections by a variety of pathogens, including viruses. Spermatozoa are extremely responsive to prooxidative effects produced by environmental pollutants and may serve as a powerful alert that signals the extent that environmental pressure, in a specific area, is doing damage to humans. In order to improve our current knowledge on this topic, this review article summarizes the relevant current observations emphasizing the weight that environmental pollution has on the sensitivity of a given population to several diseases and how semen quality, may be a potential indicator of sensitivity for virus insults (including SARS-CoV-2) in high polluted areas, and help to predict the risk for harmful effects of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic. In addition, this review focused on the potential routes of virus transmission that may represent a population health risk and also identified the areas of critical importance that require urgent research to assess and manage the COVID-19 outbreak.

Determination of Residual Heavy Metals in an Incinerator Bottom Ash from Municipal Solid Waste Power Plant

2020 ◽  
Vol 901 ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Woravith Chansuvarn
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Microwave Digestion ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Digestion Technique ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Copper Zinc

Bottom ash is a part of by-product from the municipal solid waste power plants which is always a wider problem for the urban and rural communities due to its disposal plants may cause serious environmental pollution. This work was focused on the residual heavy metal in an incinerator bottom ash from the municipal waste power plant placed in Nongkham district, Bangkok. Four bottom ash samples were obtained in 2017. After drying and grounding, the bottom ash samples were prepared to clear solution with the microwave digestion technique using nitric, hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acid under the heating program. The total residual heavy metals in the incinerator bottom ashes, such as lead, copper, zinc, and cadmium were determined by using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (FAAS) with deuterium background correction. The total concentration of lead, copper, zinc and cadmium were found in the range of 280.40-354.22mg kg-1, 365.35-524.45 mg kg-1, 1,527.25-2,074.34 mg kg-1, and 0.48-1.02 mg kg-1, respectively. The recovery of all metals was found in the range of 89.4-101.2% and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was to be 2.15-3.55 % (n=7). The concentration of zinc, copper, and lead was found high levels, while cadmium was low concentration. Heavy metals in solid waste material occur in different chemical forms and phases. The sample preparation based on the microwave digestion was successfully developed for the waste samples with a good reliability.

Assessing Soil and Plant Pollution by Abandoned Rural Waste Dumping Sites in Ningbo, China

2011 ◽  
Vol 138-139 ◽  
pp. 1149-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Dong Guan ◽  
Ye Hong Du ◽  
Zhen Dong Li ◽  
An Cheng Luo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Contamination Assessment ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Plant Pollution

This paper reports the concentration of heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) in the soils and rices surrounding the abandoned rural waste dumping sites in Ningbo. Igeo (geoaccumulation index) was calculated to assess the contamination degree of heavy metals in soils. The mean contents of Cr, Cu, Cd, Zn and Pb of soils were 33.3, 24.1, 1.5, 118.9 and 45.6 mg/(kg DW) (dry weight), respectively. All of them were much higher than that of the reference value (i.e. CK), but there were no coherent trend of the metal contents within 1-120m distance from the dumping site. Igeo of heavy metals reveals the order of Cd>Cu>Cr>Pb>Zn, and the contamination assessment of soils using Igeo indicate the moderate Cd pollution, while the soils were unpolluted-moderately overall by Cr, Cu, Zn as well as Pb. The heavy metal contents in root, stem & leaf and rice grains were all remarkable higher than that of the CK at 20-120 m distances, and the heavy metal contents in root were evidently much higher than other plant parts, while those in rice grain were lowest, indicating the great bioaccumulation trend of heavy metals. Although the metal contents in the rice grain were within the legislation limit, its bioaccumulation trend of heavy metals was remarkable, whose contents were 4.38-fold for Cr, 1.76-fold for Cu, 1.28-fold for Zn, 2.67-fold for Cd and 3.03-fold for Pb higher than that of reference value, respectively. Finally, we proposed a decentralized in-situ restoration approach for the dumping sites.

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