scholarly journals PV-Powered Electric Vehicle Charging Stations: Preliminary Requirements and Feasibility Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1770
Author(s):  
Saleh Cheikh-Mohamad ◽  
Manuela Sechilariu ◽  
Fabrice Locment ◽  
Youssef Krim
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Dc Microgrid ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Grid Connection ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
Energy Grid ◽  
Ev Charging

Environmental benefits lie in halting direct air pollution and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In contrast to thermal vehicles, electric vehicles (EV) have zero tailpipe emissions, but their contribution in reducing global air pollution is highly dependent on the energy source they have been charged with. Thus, the energy system depicted in this paper is a photovoltaic (PV)-powered EV charging station based on a DC microgrid and includes stationary storage and public grid connection as power source backups. The goal is to identify the preliminary requirements and feasibility conditions for PV-powered EV charging stations leading to PV benefits growth. Simulation results of different scenarios prove that slow charging with long park time could increase PV benefits for EVs and may reduce the charging price, therefore, EV users should be more willing to stay at charging stations. Whereas, for fast charging, EV users should accept the high charging price since it depends on the public energy grid. Energy system distribution and EV’s energy distribution are well presented.

Gas Turbine Based Electric Vehicle Charging Station

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manjush Ganiger ◽  
Maneesh Pandey ◽  
Rahul Wagh ◽  
Rakesh Govindasamy
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Vehicle Charging ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
Energy Dependent ◽  
Ev Charging

Abstract Transition towards electric vehicles (EV) is the key enabler for fighting against climate change as well as for sustainable future. However, to build more confidence on EV transition, availability of charging infrastructure is key. One of the important criterions for vehicle charging station is to have a stable electricity source that can meet varying charging demand. The paper attempts to explore the eco-system of self-sustainable and quasi-renewable charging infrastructure. This paper outlines a circular economy model for EV charging station (EVCS) using a gas turbine from the Baker Hughes™ portfolio. The proposed solution includes Solid Oxide Electrolyzer and a carbon capture unit, integrated to the gas turbine. This integrated system is decarbonized using the hydrogen generated by the electrolysis unit. Proposed solution on EVCS can charge about 1500 EVs in half a day of operation (50% power split). Solution is lucrative and has attractive return on investment. The solution here is having high power density, compared to the actual renewable energy dependent charging stations. The solution is flexible to incorporate Power-to-X conversions. Modular nature of the solution makes it easy to implement in city limits as well as in remote locations, along the highways, where grid availability can be challenging.

scholarly journals Self-Sustainable off grid Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station with Integration of Renewable Sources

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 2669-2674
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Power Generation Technology ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
Ev Charging

Electric Vehicles (EV) are the world’s future transport systems. With the rise in pollutions and its effects on the environment, there has been a large scale movetowards electrical vehicles. But the plug point availability for charging is the serious problem faced by the mostof Electric Vehicle consumers. Therefore, there is a definite need to move from the GRID based/connected charging stations to standalone off-grid stations for charging the Electric Vehicles. The objective of this paper is to arrive at the best configuration or mix of the renewable resources and energy storage systems along with conventional Diesel Generator set which together works in offgrid for Electric Vehicle charging. As aconclusion, by utilizing self-sustainable off-grid power generation technology, the availability of EV charging stations in remote localities at affordable price can be made and mainly it reduces burden on the existing electrical infrastructure.

scholarly journals Placement of Infrastructure for Urban Electromobility: A Sustainable Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudia A. Soares Machado ◽  
Harmi Takiya ◽  
Charles Lincoln Kenji Yamamura ◽  
José Alberto Quintanilha ◽  
Fernando Tobal Berssaneti
Keyword(s):  
Demand Uncertainty ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
High Investment ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
Station Location ◽  
Ev Charging

Over the last few years, electric vehicles (EVs) have turned into viable urban transportation alternatives. Charging infrastructure is an issue, since high investment is needed and there is a lot of demand uncertainty. Seeking to fill gaps in past studies, this investigation proposes a set of procedures to identify the most adequate places for implementing the EV charging infrastructure. In order to identify the most favorable districts for the installation and operation of electric charging infrastructure in São Paulo city, the following public available information was considered: the density of points of interest (POIs), distribution of the average monthly per capita income, and number of daily trips made by transportation mode. The current electric vehicle charging network and most important business corridors were additionally taken into account. The investigation shows that districts with the largest demand for charging stations are located in the central area, where the population also exhibits the highest purchasing power. The charging station location process can be applied to other cities, and it is possible to use additional variables to measure social inequality.

scholarly journals THE IMPORTANCE OF PUBLIC-FUNDED CHARGING STATIONS TO INCREASE THE RATE OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) OWNERSHIP IN INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-91
Author(s):  
Faiz Rafiza Ahmadani ◽  
Rafi Aquary
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Hand Position ◽  
Publicly Funded ◽  
The Public ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Range Anxiety ◽  
The Government ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
Ev Charging

The current surplus of electricity across Indonesia has further underlined many opportunities to optimize the usage of electricity in many sectors; including on the issue of Electric Vehicle (EV) ownership within the country. According to the government’s projection, the state-owned enterprise (SOE) of PLN would construct 254.181 units of charging stations by 2030. However, there exists the problem of ‘chicken and egg’; in which more EV charging stations would be required to spur EV sales and vice versa. In addition to that, the lack of charging stations has also led to the disinterest from the public to purchase EVs due to fear of range anxiety. Hence, this paper is written to address the importance of publicly funded charging stations in Indonesia to help cultivate EV development within the country. Not only that, since Indonesia is the largest member country of ASEAN, it could be the ‘trendsetter’ of this issue in the region and would have the upper hand position as an early adopter. Our hypotheses suggest that not only publicly funded the development of charging stations would be beneficial to the future-buyer of EV, but also for the government itself.     Keywords: Electric Vehicle, Charging Station, Public-Funded, Range Anxiety   

scholarly journals Probabilistic Harmonic Calculation in Distribution Networks with Electric Vehicle Charging Stations

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianxue Wang ◽  
Yanlin Cui ◽  
Minghui Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Harmonic Currents ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Planning And Construction ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
Ev Charging

Integrating EV charging station into power grid will bring impacts on power system, among which the most significant one is the harmonic pollution on distribution networks. Due to the uncertainty of the EV charging process, the harmonic currents brought by EV charging stations have a random nature. This paper proposed a mathematical simulation method for studying the working status of charging stations, which considers influencing factors including random leaving factor, electricity price, and waiting time. Based on the proposed simulation method, the probability distribution of the harmonic currents of EV charging stations is obtained and used in the calculation of the probability harmonic power flow. Then the impacts of EVs and EV charging stations on distribution networks can be analyzed. In the case study, the proposed simulation and analysis method is implemented on the IEEE-34 distribution network. The influences of EV arrival rates, the penetration rate, and the accessing location of EV charging station are also investigated. Results show that this research has good potential in guiding the planning and construction of charging station.

scholarly journals Energy Management System Optimization of Drug Store Electric Vehicles Charging Station Operation

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6163
Author(s):  
Yongyi Huang ◽  
Atsushi Yona ◽  
Hiroshi Takahashi ◽  
Ashraf Mohamed Hemeida ◽  
Paras Mandal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Photovoltaic Power ◽  
Vehicle Charging ◽  
Charging Stations

Electric vehicle charging station have become an urgent need in many communities around the world, due to the increase of using electric vehicles over conventional vehicles. In addition, establishment of charging stations, and the grid impact of household photovoltaic power generation would reduce the feed-in tariff. These two factors are considered to propose setting up charging stations at convenience stores, which would enable the electric energy to be shared between locations. Charging stations could collect excess photovoltaic energy from homes and market it to electric vehicles. This article examines vehicle travel time, basic household energy demand, and the electricity consumption status of Okinawa city as a whole to model the operation of an electric vehicle charging station for a year. The entire program is optimized using MATLAB mixed integer linear programming (MILP) toolbox. The findings demonstrate that a profit could be achieved under the principle of ensuring the charging station’s stable service. Household photovoltaic power generation and electric vehicles are highly dependent on energy sharing between regions. The convenience store charging station service strategy suggested gives a solution to the future issues.

A Tale of Two Entities

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Hossam ElHussini ◽  
Chadi Assi ◽  
Bassam Moussa ◽  
Ribal Atallah ◽  
Ali Ghrayeb
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Communication Protocols ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Public Data ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ev Charging

With the growing market of Electric Vehicles (EV), the procurement of their charging infrastructure plays a crucial role in their adoption. Within the revolution of Internet of Things, the EV charging infrastructure is getting on board with the introduction of smart Electric Vehicle Charging Stations (EVCS), a myriad set of communication protocols, and different entities. We provide in this article an overview of this infrastructure detailing the participating entities and the communication protocols. Further, we contextualize the current deployment of EVCSs through the use of available public data. In the light of such a survey, we identify two key concerns, the lack of standardization and multiple points of failures, which renders the current deployment of EV charging infrastructure vulnerable to an array of different attacks. Moreover, we propose a novel attack scenario that exploits the unique characteristics of the EVCSs and their protocol (such as high power wattage and support for reverse power flow) to cause disturbances to the power grid. We investigate three different attack variations; sudden surge in power demand, sudden surge in power supply, and a switching attack. To support our claims, we showcase using a real-world example how an adversary can compromise an EVCS and create a traffic bottleneck by tampering with the charging schedules of EVs. Further, we perform a simulation-based study of the impact of our proposed attack variations on the WSCC 9 bus system. Our simulations show that an adversary can cause devastating effects on the power grid, which might result in blackout and cascading failure by comprising a small number of EVCSs.

Optimized Electric Vehicle Charging Pricing Method Using Game Theory

2014 ◽  
Vol 986-987 ◽  
pp. 400-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuan Lu ◽  
Wen Shan Gao ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Wan Lei Xue ◽  
Wen Xue Sun
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Behavior Models ◽  
Ev Charging

First, behavior models of the station operator and consumer are established considering all the main factors. Second, an optimized EV charging pricing method using Game Theory is introduced based on benefit-cost analysis. The calculation of government subsidies is also proposed in order to reach an equilibrium charging price. Finally, actual data of Hebei is used and results are shown to give supports to local government and charging station operator’s decision making.

Design and Feasibility Analysis of Hybrid Energy-Based Electric Vehicle Charging Station

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkatesh Boddapati ◽  
S Arul Daniel
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Vehicle Charging

Mobility has been changing precipitously in recent years. With the increasing number of electric vehicles (EV), travel-sharing continues to grow, and ultimately, autonomous vehicles (AV) move into municipal fleets. These changes require a new, distributed, digitalised energy system, maintenance, and growing electrification in transportation. This paper proposes the designing of an Electric Vehicle Charging Station (EVCS) by using hybrid energy sources such as solar PV, wind, and diesel generator. The proposed system is mathematically modelled and designed using the Hybrid Optimization Model for Multiple Energy Resources (HOMER). The system is analysed and assessed in both autonomous mode and grid-connected mode of operation. The optimum sizing, energy yields of the system in each case is elaborated, and the best configuration is found for design. The variations in Levelized Cost Of the Energy (LCOE), Net Present Cost (NPC), initial cost, and operating cost of the various configuration are presented. From the results, it is observed that the grid-connected EVCS is more economical than the autonomous EVCS. Further, a sensitivity analysis of the EVCS is also performed.

scholarly journals Distribution Network Congestion Dispatch Considering Time-Spatial Diversion of Electric Vehicles Charging

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Sun ◽  
Peng Yuan ◽  
Zhuoning Sun ◽  
Shubo Hu ◽  
Feixiang Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Network Congestion ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Pricing Scheme ◽  
Multiple Charging ◽  
Charging Stations

With the popularization of electric vehicles, free charging behaviors of electric vehicle owners can lead to uncertainty about charging in both time and space. A time-spatial dispatching strategy for the distribution network guided by electric vehicle charging fees is proposed in this paper, which aims to solve the network congestion problem caused by the unrestrained and free charging behaviors of large numbers of electric vehicles. In this strategy, congestion severity of different lines is analyzed and the relationship between the congested lines and the charging stations is clarified. A price elastic matrix is introduced to reflect the degree of owners’ response to the charging prices. A pricing scheme for optimal real-time charging fees for multiple charging stations is designed according to the congestion severity of the lines and the charging power of the related charging stations. Charging price at different charging station at different time is different, it can influence the charging behaviors of vehicle owners. The simulation results confirmed that the proposed congestion dispatching strategy considers the earnings of the operators, charging cost to the owners and the satisfaction of the owners. Moreover, the strategy can influence owners to make judicious charging plans that help to solve congestion problems in the network and improve the safety and economy of the power grid.

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