scholarly journals Effect of Granulometric Composition of the Soil on the Occurrence of Carrion Beetles (Coleoptera: Silphidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1017
Author(s):  
Karolina Konieczna ◽  
Zbigniew W. Czerniakowski ◽  
Małgorzata Szostek
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Granulometric Composition ◽  
Clay Fraction ◽  
Total Abundance ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Sand Fraction ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Nicrophorus Vespilloides ◽  
Carrion Beetle ◽  
Carrion Beetles

The entomological material was collected in the years 2009–2012 and 2014 from 13 different habitat types from three localities in south-eastern Poland. In total, 11,095 Silphidae were collected. This study examined whether the percentage of individual soil granulometric fractions was significantly related to the total abundance of collected Silphidae and individual carrion beetle species. A positive correlation and a statistically significant correlation were found between the total number of specimens collected and the share of the mechanical fraction with a diameter of 0.05–0.002 mm (silt fraction). In three species, a statistically significant correlation was demonstrated between the number of collected Silphidae and the share of the mechanical fraction with a diameter of 2–0.05 mm (sand fraction). The two species Phosphuga atrata atrata and Nicrophorus vespilloides the correlation was positive. A statistically significant relationship was also observed for Thanatophilus sinuatus, but the correlation was negative. With regard to the mechanical fraction with a diameter <0.002 mm (clay fraction), a statistically significant relationship was demonstrated for Oiceoptoma thoracicum and for Nicrophorus vespilloides for which the correlation was negative. However, a positive correlation was found for T. sinuatus in this case.

scholarly journals Spatial variability of particle size fractions of an Oxisol cultivated with conilon coffee

Revista CERES ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 867-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julião Soares de Souza Lima ◽  
Rone Batista de Oliveira ◽  
Samuel de Assis Silva
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Clay Fraction ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Landscape Configuration ◽  
Sand Fraction ◽  
Size Fractions ◽  
Particle Size Fractions ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Significant Difference

Information on the spatial distribution of particle size fractions is essential for use planning and management of soils. The aim of this work to was to study the spatial variability of particle size fractions of a Typic Hapludox cultivated with conilon coffee. The soil samples were collected at depths of 0-0.20 and 0.20-0.40 m in the coffee canopy projection, totaling 109 georeferentiated points. At the depth of 0.2-0.4 m the clay fraction showed average value significantly higher, while the sand fraction showed was higher in the depth of 0-0.20 m. The silt showed no significant difference between the two depths. The particle size fractions showed medium and high spatial variability. The levels of total sand and clay have positive and negative correlation, respectively, with the altitude of the sampling points, indicating the influence of landscape configuration.

Positive and Negative Perfectionism and the Big Five Personality Factors

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J. Egan ◽  
Jan P. Piek ◽  
Murray J. Dyck
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Personality Pattern ◽  
Big Five Personality Factors

Perfectionism has been argued to have both positive and negative aspects. Negative perfectionism has a robust positive correlation with psychopathology. This study explored the personality pattern of a group of clinical participants and a group of athletes in relation to positive and negative perfectionism. The results indicated negative perfectionism is related to neuroticism and agreeableness in both clinical and non-clinical groups. Negative perfectionism was most strongly associated with low agreeableness but had no significant relationship with conscientiousness or extraversion in the clinical sample. In the athlete sample, higher negative perfectionism was most strongly related to higher neuroticism but was also associated with lower extraversion and conscientiousness. In order to more fully understand these relationships and their clinical implications, more studies using validated measures of positive and negative perfectionism with larger samples are required. It would be useful to determine if personality factors of agreeableness and competence could be increased in order to ameliorate the distress associated with negative perfectionism.

scholarly journals Egg survival is reduced by grave-soil microbes in the carrion beetle, Nicrophorus vespilloides

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris G C Jacobs ◽  
Yin Wang ◽  
Heiko Vogel ◽  
Andreas Vilcinskas ◽  
Maurijn van der Zee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Microbes ◽  
Egg Survival ◽  
Nicrophorus Vespilloides ◽  
Carrion Beetle

EVALUATION OF PROFILE DEVELOPMENT OF SOME SOLONETZIC SOILS OF SOUTH CENTRAL ALBERTA

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. BRUNELLE ◽  
S. PAWLUK ◽  
T. W. PETERS
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Clay Fraction ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Size Reduction ◽  
Particle Size Reduction ◽  
Sand Fraction ◽  
South Central ◽  
Gain Reduction ◽  
Index Mineral

The process of solodization was studied with respect to its chemical, physical, and mineralogical aspect and with particular emphasis upon the clay fraction. The net gain or loss of clay occurring in each profile upon solodization was calculated with quartz in the fine sand fraction serving as index mineral. Preferential translocation of montmorillonite over illite was evident in all profiles. K2O content in the total clay fraction indicated that illitization had taken place. For each of three sampling sites, the more solodized members of the sequence of Solonetzic profiles showed a net gain of clay while the least solodized members showed either a deficit or a much smaller gain. Reduction in size of the coarse material (sand size) was evident in most profiles studied. In some profiles, particle size reduction of the sand fraction was accompanied by an increase in clay size quartz in the eluvial horizons which suggests that quartz distribution is to some degree also affected by solodization. Although the use of quartz as an index mineral may therefore not provide an absolute degree of accuracy in quantitative pedology, it was felt that its abundance and its high stability insured useful results.

scholarly journals Characterization and Classification of Soils of Jalingo Metropolis, North-east, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
pp. 72-80
Author(s):  
Osujieke D.N ◽  
Obasi N.S. ◽  
Imadojemu P.E ◽  
Ekawa M. ◽  
Angyu M.D.
Keyword(s):  
Soil Depth ◽  
Clay Fraction ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Soil Taxonomy ◽  
Sand Fraction ◽  
Reference Base ◽  
North East ◽  
World Reference Base

The study was aimed at the characterizing and the classifying of soils of Jalingo metropo- lis in Taraba State, North-East Nigeria. Profile pit was dug on each of the three different sites of the study area as identified using free survey. The profile pits were described and sampled bases on horizon differentiation for laboratory analyses. A total of 10 samples were collected. Data generated were analyzed using descriptive statistics to determine their coefficient of variation. The result indicated that the horizons were mostly reddish when moist at different contrasting level. The textural classes were mostly loamy sand while the sub-angular blocky structure was observed in the entire subsurface horizons. The horizons of the pedons were well drained. Sand fraction had means of 826.80 g/kg, 816.80 g/kg and 766.8 g/kg for pedons 1, 2, and 3 respectively. Clay fraction increased in an in- creasing soil depth which formed an argillic horizon. Sand fraction, bulk density and parti- cle density recorded low variation (≥0 % ≤5.22 %) in among the pedons. Soil pH(H2O) had a mean of 6.40 in pedon 1, 6.43 in pedon 2 and 6.41 in pedon 3. Organic carbon ranged from ≥2.0 g/kg ≤0.43 g/kg while cation exchange capacity ranged from ≥4.58 cmol/kg ≤5.01 cmol/kg among the pedons. The percent base saturation had a mean of 66.6 %, 65.1 % and 66 % in pedon 1, 2 and 3. Hence, pedons 1 and 2 were classified as Grossarenic Kandiustalfs (Arenic Lixisols), while pedon 3 was classified as Arenic Kandi- ustalfs (Loamic Lixisols) according to USDA soil taxonomy and correlated with world reference base.

scholarly journals Urban forests sustain diverse carrion beetle assemblages in the New York City metropolitan area

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Fusco ◽  
Anthony Zhao ◽  
Jason Munshi-South
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Habitat Specialization ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Continuous Forest ◽  
Carrion Beetle ◽  
Westchester County ◽  
Carrion Beetles

Urbanization is an increasingly pervasive form of land transformation that reduces biodiversity of many taxonomic groups. Beetles (Order: Coleoptera) exhibit a broad range of responses to urbanization, likely due to the high functional diversity in this order. Carrion beetles (Family: Silphidae) provide an important ecosystem service by promoting decomposition of small-bodied carcasses, and have previously been found to decline due to forest fragmentation caused by urbanization. However, New York City (NYC) and many other cities have fairly large continuous forest patches that support dense populations of small mammals, and thus may harbor relatively robust carrion beetle communities in city parks. In this study, we investigate carrion beetle community composition, abundance and diversity in forest patches along an urban-to-rural gradient spanning the urban core (Central Park, NYC) to outlying rural areas. Additionally, we conducted a more in-depth study of the carrion beetle community at a single suburban site in Westchester County, NY that was intensively surveyed in the early 1970’s. We collected a total of 2,170 carrion beetles from eight species at 13 sites along this gradient. We report little to no effect of urbanization on carrion beetle diversity, although two species were not detected in any urban parks. Nicrophorus tomentosus was the most abundant species at all sites and seemed to dominate the urban communities, potentially due to its generalist habits and shallower burying depth. Variation between species in body size, habitat specialization, and area of largest continuous forest tract also did not influence carrion beetle communities. Lastly, we found few significant differences between 10 carrion beetle relative abundance between the early 1970’s and 2015 at a single site in Westchester County, NY, although two of the rare species in the early 1970’s were not detected in 2015. These results indicate that NYC’s forested parks have the potential to sustain carrion beetle communities and the ecosystem services they provide.

scholarly journals Urban forests sustain diverse carrion beetle assemblages in the New York City metropolitan area

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Fusco ◽  
Anthony Zhao ◽  
Jason Munshi-South
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Habitat Specialization ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Carrion Beetle ◽  
Westchester County ◽  
Carrion Beetles

Urbanization is an increasingly pervasive form of land transformation that reduces biodiversity of many taxonomic groups. Beetles exhibit a broad range of responses to urbanization, likely due to the high functional diversity in this order. Carrion beetles (Order: Coleoptera, Family: Silphidae) provide an important ecosystem service by promoting decomposition of small-bodied carcasses, and have previously been found to decline due to forest fragmentation caused by urbanization. However, New York City (NYC) and many other cities have fairly large continuous forest patches that support dense populations of small mammals, and thus may harbor relatively robust carrion beetle communities in city parks. In this study, we investigated carrion beetle community composition, abundance and diversity in forest patches along an urban-to-rural gradient spanning the urban core (Central Park, NYC) to outlying rural areas. We conducted an additional study focusing on comparing the current carrion beetle community at a single suburban site in Westchester County, NY that was intensively surveyed in the early 1970’s. We collected a total of 2,170 carrion beetles from eight species at 13 sites along this gradient. We report little to no effect of urbanization on carrion beetle diversity, although two species were not detected in any urban parks. Nicrophorus tomentosus was the most abundant species at all sites and seemed to dominate the urban communities, potentially due to its generalist habits and shallower burying depth compared to the other beetles surveyed. Variation between species in body size, habitat specialization, and % forest area also did not influence carrion beetle communities. Lastly, we found few significant differences in relative abundance of 10 different carrion beetle species between 1974 and 2015 at a single site in Westchester County, NY, although two of the rare species in the early 1970’s were not detected in 2015. These results indicate that NYC’s forested parks have the potential to sustain carrion beetle communities and the ecosystem services they provide.

scholarly journals Profil Vertikal Logam Berat Tembaga (Cu), Nikel (Ni), dan Mangan (Mn) di Core Sedimen Perairan Pantai Marunda, Teluk Jakarta

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Kresna Rangga Darmansyah ◽  
Sri Yulina Wulandari ◽  
Jarot Marwoto ◽  
Endang Supriyantini
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Middle Layer ◽  
Bottom Layer ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Sediment Depth ◽  
Sand Fraction ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Aas Method ◽  
Mn Concentrations

Heavy metals contained in the waste  enter to the Marunda coastal waters  in Jakarta Bay through the Tiram river, come from the Jabodetabek region which is an industrial and residential area.  They  will be deposited and accumulated in the bed sediments and potentially to cause contamination in the waters as well. The study was conducted to investigate vertical profiles  of heavy metals Cu, Ni, and Mn based on sediment depth and the correlation between the concentration of heavy metals and the grain size of sediments. Coring method was used for sampling the sediments at 1-3 cm, 4-6 cm and 7-9 cm of depths.  Samples were analyzed using AAS method to determine Cu, Ni, and Mn concentrations. Sieving and pipetting methods were used to determine the grain size of the sediments. The results showed that the average concentration of heavy metals Cu, Ni, and Mn in the top layer  was 7.74 ppm; 8.17 ppm; 1345.03 ppm. The middle layer was 6.91 ppm; 7.48 ppm; 1279.35 ppm. The bottom layer was 7.36 ppm; 7.79 ppm; 1413.66 ppm. The concentration of Cu heavy metal had a positive correlation with the sand fraction, while the heavy metals Ni and Mn  had a positive correlation with the mud fraction. Logam berat yang terkandung dalam limbah masuk ke perairan pantai Marunda di Teluk Jakarta melalui sungai Tiram, berasal dari daerah Jabodetabek yang merupakan kawasan industri dan pemukiman. Logam berat tersebut akan  mengendap dan terakumulasi di sedimen dasar perairan dan berpotensi menimbulkan pencemaran perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil logam berat Tembaga, Nikel, dan Mangan secara vertikal berdasarkan kedalaman sedimen dan korelasi antara konsentrasi logam berat dengan ukuran butir sedimen. Pengambilan sampel sedimen dilakukan menggunakan metode  coring untuk kedalaman 1-3 cm, 4-6 cm, dan 7-9 cm. Selanjutnya sampel sedimen dianalisis menggunakan metode AAS untuk mengetahui konsentrasi logam berat Cu, Ni, dan Mn. Metode sieving dan pipetting digunakan untuk mengetahui ukuran butir sedimen. Nilai konsentrasi rata-rata logam berat Cu, Ni, dan Mn  pada lapisan atas untuk setiap stasiun berurutan sebesar 7,74 ppm; 8,17 ppm; 1345,03 ppm. Lapisan tengah sebesar 6,91 ppm; 7,48 ppm; 1279,35 ppm. Lapisan bawah sebesar 7,36 ppm; 7,79 ppm; 1413,66 ppm. Konsentrasi logam berat Cu mempunyai korelasi positif terhadap fraksi pasir, sedangkan logam berat Ni  dan Mn mempunyai korelasi positif terhadap fraksi lumpur.

scholarly journals USE OF AGROMINERAL AS SUBSTRATE FOR GROWTH OF EUCALYPTUS SEEDLINGS

FLORESTA ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 025
Author(s):  
Rafael Cipriano da Silva ◽  
Karen Beneton ◽  
João José Cardinali Ieda ◽  
Antonio Carlos de Azevedo ◽  
Marcos Gervasio Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Slow Release ◽  
Clay Fraction ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Sand Fraction ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Granulometric Analysis ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings

Success in the production of eucalyptus seedlings directly affects the development of plants in the field. Several factors influence their initial growth, especially the substrate. This study aimed to evaluate the growth of Eucalyptus globulus seedlings and characteristics of the substrate using silicate agromineral (SA) in different proportions (substrate:SA; v/v): T0 – 100:00%, T1 – 90:10%, T2 – 80:20%, and T3 – 50:50%. The treatments were evaluated using a completely randomized design. Measurements of height (H), stem diameter (SD) and calculation of the H/SD ratio of the plants were performed every 3 weeks, totaling 4 measurements. At the end of the experiment (12 weeks), soil fertility analyses, granulometric analysis (sand, silt and clay) and total chemical analysis were carried out. Due to the chemical and mineralogical composition of SA, its use in substrate in a greater proportion (T3) promoted the increase of exchangeable K, Ca and Si contents, which influenced the increase in the sum of bases and cation exchange capacity. The levels of assimilable P and micronutrients Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn were also higher in this treatment. The increase in  SA proportions in the substrate composition also favored increase in the sand fraction and reduction in the clay fraction. As for the growth of seedlings, the results were not significant for H and SD as a function of SA doses, leading to the conclusion that the solubilization and slow release of nutrients by SA did not influence the growth of the plants

scholarly journals The manifestation of VIS-NIRS spectroscopy data to predict and map soil texture in the Triffa plain (Morocco)

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayoub Lazaar ◽  
◽  
Kamal El Hammouti ◽  
Zakariae Naiji ◽  
Biswajeet Pradhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Texture ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Clay Fraction ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Good Prediction ◽  
Sand Fraction ◽  
Silt Fraction ◽  
North East

The use of standard laboratory methods to estimate the soil texture is complicated, expensive, and time-consuming and needs considerable effort. The reflectance spectroscopy represents an alternative method for predicting a large range of soil physical properties and provides an inexpensive, rapid, and reproducible analytical method. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of Visible (VIS: 350-700 nm) and Near-Infrared and Short-Wave-Infrared (NIRS: 701-2500 nm) spectroscopy for predicting and mapping the clay, silt, and sand fractions of the soils of Triffa plain (north-east of Morocco). A total of 100 soil samples were collected from the non-root zone of soil (0-20 cm) and then analyzed for texture using the VIS-NIRS spectroscopy and the traditional laboratory method. The partial least squares regression (PLSR) technique was used to assess the ability of spectral data to predict soil texture. The results of prediction models showed excellent performance for the VIS-NIRS spectroscopy to predict the sand fraction with a coefficient of determination R2 = 0.93 and Root Mean Squares Error (RMSE) =3.72, good prediction for the silt fraction (R2=0.87; RMSE = 4.55), and acceptable prediction for the clay fraction (R2 = 0.53; RMSE = 3.72). Moreover, the range situated between 2150 and 2450 nm is the most significant for predicting the sand and silt fractions, while the spectral range between 2200 and 2440 nm is the optimal to predict the clay fraction. However, the maps of predicted and measured soil texture showed an excellent spatial similarity for the sand fraction, a certain difference in the variability of clay fraction, while the maps of silt fraction show a lower difference.

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