scholarly journals Recent Advances in Nanoparticle-Mediated Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 438
Author(s):  
Andreea Nedelcu ◽  
Ofelia Mosteanu ◽  
Teodora Pop ◽  
Teodora Mocan ◽  
Lucian Mocan
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Biomedical Engineering ◽  
Target Therapy ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

There have been continuous advances in nanoscience since the beginning of the 21st century, and the emerging field of computational nanomedicine, the development of nanomaterial-based sensors or the prominent biomedical engineering applications should be mentioned. Intestinal disorders causing prolonged inflammation of the digestive tract, largely known as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), include Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), have seen a significant increase in incidence rates. Nanoparticle-based approaches to locally target therapy could help regulate immune responses and act as an anti-inflammatory in individual patients diagnosed with IBD. The results of the paper emphasize the major role that nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery has in IBD treatment, giving IBD patients in remission the chance for a more effective drug therapy with a decreased medication load.

The Incidence of Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism among Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Population-based Cohort Study

2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (03) ◽  
pp. 430-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Blanchard ◽  
Donald Houston ◽  
Andre Wajda ◽  
Charles Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Summary Background: There is an impression mostly from specialty clinics that patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have an increased risk of venous thromboembolic disorders. Our aim was to determine the incidence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) from a population-based database of IBD patients and, to compare the incidence rates to that of an age, gender and geographically matched population control group. Methods: IBD patients identified from the administrative claims data of the universal provincial insurance plan of Manitoba were matched 1:10 to randomly selected members of the general population without IBD by year, age, gender, and postal area of residence using Manitoba Health’s population registry. The incidence of hospitalization for DVT and PE was calculated from hospital discharge abstracts using ICD-9-CM codes 451.1, 453.x for DVT and 415.1x for PE. Rates were calculated based on person-years of follow-up for 1984-1997. Comparisons to the population cohort yielded age-adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRR). Rates were calculated based on person-years of follow-up (Crohn’s disease = 21,340, ulcerative colitis = 19,665) for 1984-1997. Results: In Crohn’s disease the incidence rate of DVT was 31.4/10,000 person-years and of PE was 10.3/10,000 person-years. In ulcerative colitis the incidence rates were 30.0/10,000 person-years for DVT and 19.8/10,000 person-years for PE. The IRR was 4.7 (95% CI, 3.5-6.3) for DVT and 2.9 (1.8-4.7) for PE in Crohn’s disease and 2.8 (2.1-3.7) for DVT and 3.6 (2.5-5.2) for PE, in ulcerative colitis. There were no gender differences for IRR. The highest rates of DVT and PE were seen among patients over 60 years old; however the highest IRR for these events were among patients less than 40 years. Conclusion: IBD patients have a threefold increased risk of developing DVT or PE.

scholarly journals Clinical assessment of inflammatory bowel disease activity: a critical overview

2015 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-125
Author(s):  
Adam Fabisiak ◽  
Natalia Murawska ◽  
Anna Mokrowiecka ◽  
Ewa Małecka-Panas ◽  
Jakub Fichna
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Symptom Recognition ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Critical Overview ◽  
Future Concepts

Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), which belong to the group of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), are chronic inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Over the last eighty years the overview of IBD has evolved, along with disease symptom recognition, hypotheses on etiology and recommendations for clinical treatment. This review focuses on the clinical aspects of IBD throughout the years and discusses the most recent and future concepts in IBD diagnosis.

scholarly journals Articular manifestations in patients with inflammatory bowel disease treated with vedolizumab

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
pp. 3275-3283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Dupré ◽  
Michael Collins ◽  
Gaétane Nocturne ◽  
Franck Carbonnel ◽  
Xavier Mariette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
History Of ◽  
Musculoskeletal Manifestations ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract Objective Vedolizumab (VDZ) has been incriminated in the occurrence of articular manifestations in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). The aim of this study was to describe musculoskeletal manifestations occurring in IBD patients treated by VDZ and to identify risk factors. Methods In this retrospective monocentric study, we included all consecutive patients treated by VDZ for IBD in our hospital. Incident musculoskeletal manifestations occurring during VDZ treatment were analysed and characteristics of patients with and without articular inflammatory manifestations were compared. Results Between 2013 and 2017, 112 patients were treated with VDZ for IBD: ulcerative colitis (n = 59), Crohn’s disease (n = 49) and undetermined colitis (n = 4). Four patients (3.6%) had a history of SpA, whereas 13 (11.6%) had a history of peripheral arthralgia. Some 102 (91.1%) patients had previously received anti-TNF. After a mean (S.d.) follow-up of 11.4 (8.6) months, 32 (28.6%) patients presented 35 musculoskeletal manifestations, of which 18 were mechanical and 17 inflammatory. Among the latter, 11 had axial or peripheral SpA, 5 had early reversible arthralgia and 1 had chondrocalcinosis (n = 1). Among the 11 SpA patients, only 3 (2.6%) had inactive IBD and may be considered as paradoxical SpA. The only factor associated with occurrence of inflammatory manifestations was history of inflammatory articular manifestation [7/16 (43.8%) vs 10/80 (12.5%), P = 0.007]. Conclusion Musculoskeletal manifestations occurred in almost 30% of IBD patients treated with VDZ, but only half of them were inflammatory. Since most of the patients previously received anti-TNF, occurrence of inflammatory articular manifestations might rather be linked to anti-TNF discontinuation than to VDZ itself.

Case-control Study on Dactylitis, Enthesitis, and Anterior Uveitis in Spondyloarthritis Associated with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Role of Coexistent Psoriasis

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 1341-1346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Cantini ◽  
Laura Niccoli ◽  
Carlotta Nannini ◽  
Emanuele Cassarà ◽  
Olga Kaloudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Anterior Uveitis ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Control Study

Objective.To evaluate the frequency of dactylitis, enthesitis, and anterior uveitis (AU) in spondyloarthritis (SpA) associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD-SpA) compared with other SpA, and to assess the role of associated psoriasis in the occurrence of dactylitis and enthesitis.Methods.In a 12-month case-control study, the frequency of dactylitis and enthesitis in 29 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 59 with Crohn disease (CD) who satisfied the Spondyloarthritis international Society criteria for axial or peripheral SpA was compared with 176 controls, including 97 (55.1%) with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), 47 (26.7%) with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and 32 (18.2%) with nonradiographic axial SpA (nr-axSpA). The occurrence of these features in IBD-SpA with and without psoriasis was also evaluated.Results.Axial, peripheral, or mixed involvement was observed in 46 (52%), 29 (33%), and 13 (15%) patients, respectively; and 14/88 (16%) had psoriasis. Dactylitis was recorded in 4/88 patients (4.5%) with IBD-SpA and in 30 controls (17.4%; p = 0.008), enthesitis in 16 cases (18.1%) and in 78/176 controls (44.3%; p < 0.001), and AU in 3 patients (3.4%) with IBD-SpA and in 26 controls (14.7%; p = 0.01). No significant differences were found between patients with UC-SpA and those with CD-SpA. Dactylitis and enthesitis were significantly more common in patients with IBD-SpA who also had psoriasis compared to those without skin disease (p = 0.009 and 0.003, respectively).Conclusion.Dactylitis, enthesitis, and AU are significantly less frequent in IBD-SpA compared with other types of SpA. Given the frequent association of psoriasis and IBD, overlooking coexistent skin disease may lead to overestimating the frequency of these features.

scholarly journals Overview of 5-ASA in Therapy of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 379-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
CN Williams
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Therapeutic Benefit ◽  
Effective Dosage ◽  
Free Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Aminosalicylic Acid ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

There are two forms of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) drug delivery. First, a pro-drug form in which 5-ASA, the active principal, is attached to a c.arrier molecule and released in the intestine by bacterial cleavage. An example of this is sulfasalazine, originally developed in the 1940s and found to be effective, cheap, but limited by side effects due to the sulfapyridine component. The second drug delivery system depends on an enteric coating for delayed pH-dependent release or for a timed-released mechanism. 5-ASA inhibits 5-lipoxygenase, modulates leukocyte function and inhibits soluble mediator release, and is an effective scavenger action of free oxygen radicals, the relative importance of which is unknown. The multiplicity of action is probably its strength because drugs that have only one of these actions are relatively ineffective in inflammatory bowel disease. 5-ASA compounds are effective in treating mild to moderate acute ulcerative colitis and in maintaining remission, and are equivalent to sulfasalazine in this regard. 5-ASA used topically in enema or suppository form is highly efficient in both acute disease and in maintaining remission. 5-ASA is also effective in active Crohn’s disease, but not as effective as in maintenance therapy compared with ulcerative colitis. The pro-drugs tend to have more side effects. Slow release compounds are well tolerated with few side effects, allowing increases to effective dosage. In patients intolerant of sulfasalazine, switching to a 5-ASA preparation usually results in tolerance and therapeutic benefit, with an occasional allergic reaction to the 5-ASA molecule limiting its use.

Vitamin D status in children with inflammatory bowel disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
I.Yu. Pronina ◽  
◽  
V.S. Tsvetkova ◽  
A.S. Potapov ◽  
E.L. Semikina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Objective. To study vitamin D status in children with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) depending on the diagnosis, gender, age and a season of examination. Patients and methods. The study included 244 children (130 boys and 114 girls) aged 3 to 18 years. The patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the nosological form of disease: Crohn’s disease (CD) – 130 children, ulcerative colitis (UC) – 114 children. Blood vitamin D levels were determined by the method of competitive electrochemiluminescence. Results. Normal levels of vitamin D (>30 ng/ml) were found only in 11.1% of children with IBD (in 11.5% with CD and 10.5% with UC). Vitamin D status corresponded to deficiency levels in 65.9% of cases, of them 15.2% had deep deficiency (<10 ng/ml). Vitamin D status decreased with increasing age of the patients (ρ = -0.2686). No statistically significant differences were found in vitamin D levels that would be dependent on the season of examination, neither were they found in groups of patients with CD and UC. Conclusion. The study showed an extremely low vitamin D status in patients with IBD. The problem of assessing vitamin D levels in children with IBD and its monitoring as well as development of individual algorithms for supplementation remains topical. Key words: vitamin D, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, children

scholarly journals Canadian Digestive Health Foundation Public Impact Series. Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Canada: Incidence, Prevalence, and Direct and Indirect Economic Impact

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 651-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard N Fedorak ◽  
Karen Wong ◽  
Ron Bridges
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Scientific Program ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Current Article ◽  
Digestive Disorders ◽  
Digestive Health ◽  
Incidence Prevalence

The Canadian Digestive Health Foundation initiated a scientific program to assess the incidence, prevalence, mortality and economic impact of digestive disorders across Canada in 2009. The current article presents the updated findings from the study concerning inflammatory bowel diseases – specifically, Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.

scholarly journals AN ADVANCED REVIEW ON DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT AND EXTRA-INTESTINAL MANIFESTATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-113
Author(s):  
Deep Sharma ◽  
Rekha Rana ◽  
Kiran Thakur ◽  
Priyanka
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Clinical Pathology ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases are mainly a group of bowel disorders which are generally associated with chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract due to the reason of an imbalance in the presence of the intestinal microbiota. Inflammatory bowel disease can have two different types based on their clinical pathology which are mainly Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis. Both of these clinical sub-types are most likely to be focussed among all of the inflammatory bowel diseases due to their increasing risk of incidence as well as associated difficulties in their treatment. However, the main cause of inflammatory bowel disease has not been cleared till the date but from last three decades, there is a hub of researchnes being going on to get a clear idea about the cause of disease. Among these studies most of researchers have found the role of Nucleotide Oligomerization Domain 2 genes in the pathophysiology of disease. For the treatment of ulcerative colitis, there are severalapproaches available, based on the severity of the disease. Aminosalicylates are used to treat mild disease, use of corticosteroids is the effective treatment in the moderate case whereas use of cyclosporine in severe disease. In Crohn’s disease, drug choices are dependent on both location and behavior ofthe disease. Nowadays, the advanced treatments have been included such as use of monoclonal antibodiesor fusion proteins including anti-TNF drugs as biological therapy of disease. Also the post treatment remission of this disease makes it more complicated to be cured.

8 ROLE OF THE HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE TO ENTERIC PROKARYOTIC VIRUSES IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S42-S42
Author(s):  
Julia Angkeow ◽  
Daniel Monaco ◽  
Scott Handley ◽  
H B Larman
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Disease Type ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract Background Gut microbiota comprise important environmental exposures that influence human immune systems and may alter the clinical course of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Little is known about the role of gut bacteriophages (viral components that infect prokaryotic bacteria) and their interactions with the host’s immune responses. We tested the hypotheses that (1) immune responses of individuals with IBD to phages differ from those without IBD and (2) immune responses to phages are associated with disease type (i.e. those with Crohn’s disease have different responses than those with ulcerative colitis). Methods We have constructed the first bacteriophage peptidome library (“phageome”), based on sequencing of environmental phages and large-scale metagenomic sequencing of virus-like particles isolated from stool samples from IBD patients and their non-IBD household contacts. Using Phage ImmunoPrecipitation Sequencing (PhIP-Seq) technology, we generated complete serum antibody binding profiles of 48 IBD patients (16 ulcerative colitis, 11 Crohn’s, and 11 indeterminate), 9 of their non-IBD household contacts, and an independent non-IBD cohort of 674 volunteers collected by the Vaccine Research Center (VRC) at the National Institutes of Health. Antibody binding profiles were compared among groups using nonparametric statistics. Results IBD patients as a group had lower antibody responses to specific phages compared to both non-IBD household contacts and the non-IBD VRC controls; this difference was significant and remained after control for unequal sample sizes [Figure 1]. Patients with Crohn’s disease compared to those with ulcerative colitis had similar antibody responses. Particularly for phages of the genera Phifelvirus, the immune responses of Crohn’s patients were significantly reduced compared to their non-IBD household contacts, while the immune responses of patients with ulcerative colitis did not significantly differ from non-IBD household contacts [Figure 2]. IBD disease type comparisons to the VRC controls yielded similar results. Conclusion PhIP-Seq with a phageome library can be used to study the relationship between immune responses and gut bacteriophages in IBD. Our results suggest that IBD patients may have lower antibody responses to specific phages compared to non-IBD individuals. Differential antibody reactivities in Crohn’s disease vs. ulcerative colitis compared to their household contacts and VRC controls suggest disease-specific response to the gut phageome that warrant further study.

scholarly journals β-glucuronidase and β-glucosidase Activity in Stool Specimens of Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARTA MROCZYŃSKA ◽  
MIROSŁAWA GAŁĘCKA ◽  
PATRYCJA SZACHTA ◽  
DOROTA KAMODA ◽  
ZDZISŁAWA LIBUDZISZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Healthy Group ◽  
Glucosidase Activity ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Stool Specimens ◽  
Beta Glucosidase

The aim of the study was to analyze the differences in the activity of beta-glucuronidase and beta-glucosidase in stool specimens of children with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) and healthy subjects. The disease activity was determined according to the PCDAI scale (Crohn disease) and Truelove-Witts scale (Ulcerative colitis). Enzyme activity was determined by spectrophotometry. There was a correlation between the level of beta - glucosidase activity in stool and patient's age in the group of healthy controls, but not in the IBD group. beta-glucosidase activity in IBD and healthy subjects stool specimens did not differ significantly. The activity of beta-glucuronidase in children with IBD was two times lower than in the healthy group and was correlated with age in children with IBD, but not in the group of healthy ones.

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