scholarly journals Impact of the Application of Computer-Based 3D Simulation on Acquisition of Knowledge of Guidance of Mandibular Movement

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Hai Yen Mai ◽  
Hang-Nga Mai ◽  
Hyun-Wook Woo ◽  
Du-Hyeong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
3D Simulation ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Mandibular Movement ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Lecture Method ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
3D Computer Simulation ◽  
Post Hoc

Recently, computer-aided three-dimensional (3D) simulation has expanded to modern education. This study aims to investigate the effects of 3D computer simulation on the learning and self-assessment of the guidance of the mandibular movement. Sixty second-grade dental students were randomly distributed into three groups in an occlusion class. Various teaching protocols were used for each group. Students in the first group (lecture (L)) were taught exclusively through a textbook and two-dimensional illustrations. The conventional lecture method followed by computer-aided 3D simulation was applied to the second group (lecture-to-simulation (LtS)). Lastly, students in the third group (lecture with simulation (LwS)) were simultaneously taught using the conventional lecture and computer-aided 3D simulation methods. After teaching each group, a paper-based examination was conducted; actual and expected scores were obtained on the same day as the occlusal class. Analyses of variance with Tukey’s post-hoc analysis were used to compare the teaching protocols, whereas the independent t test was used for comparing between actual and expected scores (α = 0.05). The LwS group exhibited significantly higher actual and student-expected scores than the L and LtS groups (p < 0.001). The expected score was significantly lower than the actual score in the L group (p = 0.035). However, in the LtS and LwS groups, no statistical difference was observed between expected (p = 0.114) and actual (p = 0.685) scores. The distribution of actual scores in the grading systems indicated higher percentages of excellent (grade A) and good (grade B) scores in the LwS (96.7%) and LtS (79.7%) groups, respectively, than in the L group (53.4%). Using computer-aided 3D simulation to teach the guidance of mandibular movement improved the learning outcomes and self-assessment of students, especially when 3D simulation was combined with conventional lecturing.

scholarly journals Digital versus conventional techniques for pattern fabrication of implant-supported frameworks

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 071-076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzieh Alikhasi ◽  
Ahmad Rohanian ◽  
Safoura Ghodsi ◽  
Amin Mohammadpour Kolde
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Conventional Technique ◽  
Wax Pattern ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Post Hoc

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this experimental study was to compare retention of frameworks cast from wax patterns fabricated by three different methods. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six implant analogs connected to one-piece abutments were divided randomly into three groups according to the wax pattern fabrication method (n = 12). Computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) milling machine, three-dimensional printer, and conventional technique were used for fabrication of waxing patterns. All laboratory procedures were performed by an expert-reliable technician to eliminate intra-operator bias. The wax patterns were cast, finished, and seated on related abutment analogs. The number of adjustment times was recorded and analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis test. Frameworks were cemented on the corresponding analogs with zinc phosphate cement and tensile resistance test was used to measure retention value. Statistical Analysis Used: One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc Tukey tests were used for statistical analysis. Level of significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: The mean retentive values of 680.36 ± 21.93 N, 440.48 ± 85.98 N, and 407.23 ± 67.48 N were recorded for CAD/CAM, rapid prototyping, and conventional group, respectively. One-way ANOVA test revealed significant differences among the three groups (P < 0.001). The post hoc Tukey test showed significantly higher retention for CAD/CAM group (P < 0.001), while there was no significant difference between the two other groups (P = 0.54). CAD/CAM group required significantly more adjustments (P < 0.001). Conclusions: CAD/CAM-fabricated wax patterns showed significantly higher retention for implant-supported cement-retained frameworks; this could be a valuable help when there are limitations in the retention of single-unit implant restorations.

Computer-aided methods for 3-D visualization of serial sections and thick biological specimens

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1060-1061
Author(s):  
Mark Ellisman ◽  
Maryann Martone ◽  
Gabriel Soto ◽  
Eleizer Masliah ◽  
David Hessler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Neuritic Plaque ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Molecular Physiology ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction

Structurally-oriented biologists examine cells, tissues, organelles and macromolecules in order to gain insight into cellular and molecular physiology by relating structure to function. The understanding of these structures can be greatly enhanced by the use of techniques for the visualization and quantitative analysis of three-dimensional structure. Three projects from current research activities will be presented in order to illustrate both the present capabilities of computer aided techniques as well as their limitations and future possibilities.The first project concerns the three-dimensional reconstruction of the neuritic plaques found in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease. We have developed a software package “Synu” for investigation of 3D data sets which has been used in conjunction with laser confocal light microscopy to study the structure of the neuritic plaque. Tissue sections of autopsy samples from patients with Alzheimer's disease were double-labeled for tau, a cytoskeletal marker for abnormal neurites, and synaptophysin, a marker of presynaptic terminals.

Three-Dimensional Subcellular Organization of Hepatocytes in Intact Liver: Simultaneous Visualization of Cytoskeletal and Membrane Markers by Confocal Microscopy

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 288-289
Author(s):  
Greg V. Martin ◽  
Ann L. Hubbard
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Integral Membrane Proteins ◽  
Polarized Secretion ◽  
Microscope Images ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Intracellular Organelles ◽  
Cytoskeletal Elements ◽  
Simultaneous Visualization

The microtubule (MT) cytoskeleton is necessary for many of the polarized functions of hepatocytes. Among the functions dependent on the MT-based cytoskeleton are polarized secretion of proteins, delivery of endocytosed material to lysosomes, and transcytosis of integral plasma membrane (PM) proteins. Although microtubules have been shown to be crucial to the establishment and maintenance of functional and structural polarization in the hepatocyte, little is known about the architecture of the hepatocyte MT cytoskeleton in vivo, particularly with regard to its relationship to PM domains and membranous organelles. Using an in situ extraction technique that preserves both microtubules and cellular membranes, we have developed a protocol for immunofluorescent co-localization of cytoskeletal elements and integral membrane proteins within 20 µm cryosections of fixed rat liver. Computer-aided 3D reconstruction of multi-spectral confocal microscope images was used to visualize the spatial relationships among the MT cytoskeleton, PM domains and intracellular organelles.

scholarly journals Right-sided Bochdalek hernia in an adult with hepatic malformation and intestinal malrotation

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Enomoto ◽  
Kazuhiko Yamada ◽  
Daiki Kato ◽  
Shusuke Yagi ◽  
Hitomi Wake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
3D Simulation ◽  
Diaphragmatic Defect ◽  
Intestinal Malrotation ◽  
Intestinal Loop ◽  
Bochdalek Hernia ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background Bochdalek hernia is a common congenital diaphragmatic defect that usually manifests with cardiopulmonary insufficiency in neonates. It is very rare in adults, and symptomatic cases are mostly left-sided. Diaphragmatic defects generally warrant immediate surgical intervention to reduce the risk of incarceration or strangulation of the displaced viscera. Case presentation A 47-year-old woman presented with dyspnea on exertion. Computed tomography revealed that a large part of the intestinal loop with superior mesenteric vessels and the right kidney were displaced into the right thoracic cavity. Preoperative three-dimensional (3D) simulation software visualized detailed anatomy of displaced viscera and the precise location and size of the diaphragmatic defect. She underwent elective surgery after concomitant pulmonary hypertension was stabilized preoperatively. The laparotomic approach was adopted. Malformation of the liver and the presence of intestinal malrotation were confirmed during the operation. The distal part of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon, and right kidney were reduced into the abdominal cavity consecutively. A large-sized oval defect was closed with monofilament polypropylene mesh. No complications occurred postoperatively. Conclusion Symptomatic right-sided Bochdalek hernia in adults is exceedingly rare and is frequently accompanied by various visceral anomalies. Accurate diagnosis and appropriate surgical repair are crucial to prevent possible incarceration or strangulation. The preoperative 3D simulation provided comprehensive information on anatomy and concomitant anomalies and helped surgeons plan the operation meticulously and perform procedures safely.

scholarly journals Automatized Evaluation of Students’ CAD Models

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Nenad Bojcetic ◽  
Filip Valjak ◽  
Dragan Zezelj ◽  
Tomislav Martinec
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computer Application ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Cad Model ◽  
Computer Solution ◽  
3D Cad ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Models ◽  
Aided Design

The article describes an attempt to address the automatized evaluation of student three-dimensional (3D) computer-aided design (CAD) models. The driving idea was conceptualized under the restraints of the COVID pandemic, driven by the problem of evaluating a large number of student 3D CAD models. The described computer solution can be implemented using any CAD computer application that supports customization. Test cases showed that the proposed solution was valid and could be used to evaluate many students’ 3D CAD models. The computer solution can also be used to help students to better understand how to create a 3D CAD model, thereby complying with the requirements of particular teachers.

scholarly journals Extrusion Based 3D Printing of Sustainable Biocomposites from Biocarbon and Poly(trimethylene terephthalate)

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 4164
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Diederichs ◽  
Maisyn Picard ◽  
Boon Peng Chang ◽  
Manjusri Misra ◽  
Amar Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Surface Finish ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Trimethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Optimal Quantity

Three-dimensional (3D) printing manufactures intricate computer aided designs without time and resource spent for mold creation. The rapid growth of this industry has led to its extensive use in the automotive, biomedical, and electrical industries. In this work, biobased poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) blends were combined with pyrolyzed biomass to create sustainable and novel printing materials. The Miscanthus biocarbon (BC), generated from pyrolysis at 650 °C, was combined with an optimized PTT blend at 5 and 10 wt % to generate filaments for extrusion 3D printing. Samples were printed and analyzed according to their thermal, mechanical, and morphological properties. Although there were no significant differences seen in the mechanical properties between the two BC composites, the optimal quantity of BC was 5 wt % based upon dimensional stability, ease of printing, and surface finish. These printable materials show great promise for implementation into customizable, non-structural components in the electrical and automotive industries.

scholarly journals Experimental & FEM Analysis of Orthodontic Mini-Implant Design on Primary Stability

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5461
Author(s):  
Elmedin Mešić ◽  
Enis Muratović ◽  
Lejla Redžepagić-Vražalica ◽  
Nedim Pervan ◽  
Adis J. Muminović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Fem Analysis ◽  
Implant Design ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Engineering System ◽  
Mini Implants ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Computer Aided

The main objective of this research is to establish a connection between orthodontic mini-implant design, pull-out force and primary stability by comparing two commercial mini-implants or temporary anchorage devices, Tomas®-pin and Perfect Anchor. Mini-implant geometric analysis and quantification of bone characteristics are performed, whereupon experimental in vitro pull-out test is conducted. With the use of the CATIA (Computer Aided Three-dimensional Interactive Application) CAD (Computer Aided Design)/CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing)/CAE (Computer Aided Engineering) system, 3D (Three-dimensional) geometric models of mini-implants and bone segments are created. Afterwards, those same models are imported into Abaqus software, where finite element models are generated with a special focus on material properties, boundary conditions and interactions. FEM (Finite Element Method) analysis is used to simulate the pull-out test. Then, the results of the structural analysis are compared with the experimental results. The FEM analysis results contain information about maximum stresses on implant–bone system caused due to the pull-out force. It is determined that the core diameter of a screw thread and conicity are the main factors of the mini-implant design that have a direct impact on primary stability. Additionally, stresses generated on the Tomas®-pin model are lower than stresses on Perfect Anchor, even though Tomas®-pin endures greater pull-out forces, the implant system with implemented Tomas®-pin still represents a more stressed system due to the uniform distribution of stresses with bigger values.

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