scholarly journals Physiological and Biochemical Behaviors of Date Palm Vitroplants Treated with Microbial Consortia and Compost in Response to Salt Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 8665
Author(s):  
Salma Toubali ◽  
Abdel-ilah Tahiri ◽  
Mohamed Anli ◽  
Sarah Symanczik ◽  
Abderrahim Boutasknit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Microbial Consortia ◽  
Main Challenge

The main challenge of the agricultural sector is to develop new ecological technologies that increase the yields and the tolerance of crops to abiotic constraints, especially in arid areas. The objective of this study was to test the potential roles of biofertilizers, namely, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), a native AMF consortium (AMF1) and an exotic AMF strain (AMF2); plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR); and compost (comp), applied separately or in combination, in improving the tolerance of date palm vitroplants to salt stress. Plants were grown under non-stressed (0 mM NaCl) or stressed conditions (120 and 240 mM NaCl). Salt stress negatively affected growth and physiological parameters. However, biofertilizers used alone or in combination increased these traits in either the presence or absence of salinity. The two tripartite combinations PGPR+AMF1+Comp and PGPR+AMF2+Comp efficiently increased plant height compared to the controls, with respective enhancements of 47% and 48% under non-stressed conditions (0 mM), 44% and 43% under 120 mM NaCl and 42% and 41% under 240 mM NaCl. Moreover, under 240 mM NaCl level, the PGPR, AMF1+Comp and PGPR+AMF1+Comp treatments improved the shoot dry weight by 128%, 122% and 113% respectively compared to the stressed control plants submitted to 240 mM NaCl. The tripartite combinations PGPR+AMF1/AMF2+Comp improved salt stress tolerance of plants by increasing plant growth, accumulation of osmotic adjustment compounds and antioxidant enzyme activity compared to control plants and the other treatments.

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI AND SOME SPECIES OF PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA TO CONTROL FUNGI Fusarium chlamydosporum CAUSING AGENT OF DECLINE DATE PALM OFF SHOOTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matloob & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Fusarium Chlamydosporum

The objective of this study was to evaluation the efficiency of  Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and some species of  Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to control Fusarium chlamydosporum fungus causing agent of decline date palm off-shoots. The isolation and identification results  showed presence of F. chlamydosporum fungus from infected roots of infected palm trees and its major causing agent of diseases. The results  appeared  Pseudomonas fluorescens , Azotobacter chroococcum and Azosperillium sp. have high antagonism of pathogen under laboratory conditions. The evaluation results of  biocontrol factors Glomus  intraradices, G. mosseae, Gigaspora,  P. fluorescens, A. chroococcum and Azospirillum sp.  indicated that all treatments caused significant reduction in disease  severity of death palm off-shoots disease into13.3-60.0%. compared to control (pathogen only) 86.7%. The interaction between G. intraradices and  P. flourescens  caused significant reduction in disease severity to 13.3% and enhanced the growth of foliage and root of offshoots length to 39.0 and 36.3cm respectively and increased the fresh and dry weight of  foliage and root, 1.7750, 0.4977, 1.764 and  0.339g  this result was closed to Beltanol fungicide effect. Also all biocontrol agents which used in this study alone (without pathogen) enhancement of plant growth  compared with control treatment. The results of the current study showed for the first time that Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Azospirillum sp. Bactrium to control and have good inhibition of Fusarium chlamydosporum fungus causing agent of decline date palm off-shoots and increasing plant growth in Iraq.

scholarly journals Amelioration of water deficiency stress in roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 11987
Author(s):  
Sara SANAYEI ◽  
Morteza BARMAKI ◽  
Ali EBADI ◽  
Mousa TORABI-GIGLOU
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Water Deficiency ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Belowground interactions between plant roots, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMFs), and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can improve growth and yield under abiotic stress conditions. A pot factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications was conducted to investigate the effects of AMFs (without inoculation as control, inoculation with Funneliformis mosseae and Funneliformis intraradices) and PGPRs (without inoculation as control Pseudomonas fluorescens p-169 inoculation) on roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) grown under water deficiency stress (WDS) [90% (I1), 75% (I2), 50% (I3), and 25% (I4) of field capacity as well-watered, mild, moderate, and severe stress, respectively]. The results showed that by applying WDS, the plant growth properties such as root and sepals’ dry weight, 1000-seed weight, seed yield, chlorophyll a, b, and total, carotenoids, and leaf water content was significantly reduced. The application of AMFs and PGPR under WDS conditions increased 1000-seed weight, seed yield. In response to WDS osmotic adjustment were provided in Roselle and under stress conditions. The highest seed yield was found under well-watered treatment by inoculation of F. mosseae without PGPR and the application of Pseudomonas fluorescens (6.37 and 6.51 g/plant, respectively). These results suggesting the antagonistic effects of AMFs and PGPR. AMFs inoculation under severe stress increased sepals dry weight compared to the non-inoculation. In conclusion, increased activity of enzymatic antioxidants and higher production of non-enzymatic antioxidant compounds, as well as photosynthetic pigments in symbiotic association with AMFs, can alleviate reactive oxygen species damage resulting in increased growth and yield parameters and improve water stress tolerance.

scholarly journals Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganisms in Coffee Production: From Isolation to Field Application

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1531
Author(s):  
Narcisa Urgiles-Gómez ◽  
María Eugenia Avila-Salem ◽  
Paúl Loján ◽  
Max Encalada ◽  
Leslye Hurtado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Coffee Production ◽  
Coffee Agroforestry ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Coffee is an important, high-value crop because its roasted beans are used to produce popular beverages that are consumed worldwide. Coffee plantations exist in over 70 countries and constitute the main economic activity of approximately 125 million people. Currently, there is global concern regarding the excessive use of agrochemicals and pesticides in agriculture, including coffee crops. This situation has motivated researchers, administrators, and farmers to seek ecologically friendly alternatives to decrease the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. In the last decades, multiple studies of the rhizosphere, at the chemical, physical and biological levels, have improved our understanding of the importance of beneficial microorganisms to plant health and growth. This review aims to summarize the state of the use of plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPM) in coffee production, where the most extensively studied microorganisms are beneficial plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). This review also contains information on PGPM, in regard to plantations at different latitudes, isolation techniques, mass multiplication, formulation methods, and the application of PGPM in nurseries, monoculture, and coffee agroforestry systems. Finally, this review focuses on relevant research performed during the last decade that can help us improve sustainable coffee production.

scholarly journals Towards a Sustainable Agriculture: Strategies Involving Phytoprotectants against Salt Stress

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 194 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Ramón Acosta-Motos ◽  
Consuelo Penella ◽  
José A. Hernández ◽  
Pedro Díaz-Vivancos ◽  
María Jesús Sánchez-Blanco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Antioxidant Metabolism ◽  
Water Demands ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Related Compounds

Salinity is one of the main constraints for agriculture productivity worldwide. This important abiotic stress has worsened in the last 20 years due to the increase in water demands in arid and semi-arid areas. In this context, increasing tolerance of crop plants to salt stress is needed to guarantee future food supply to a growing population. This review compiles knowledge on the use of phytoprotectants of microbial origin (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria), osmoprotectants, melatonin, phytohormones and antioxidant metabolism-related compounds as alleviators of salt stress in numerous plant species. Phytoprotectants are discussed in detail, including their nature, applicability, and role in the plant in terms of physiological and phenotype effects. As a result, increased crop yield and crop quality can be achieved, which in turn positively impact food security. Herein, efforts from academic and industrial sectors should focus on defining the treatment conditions and plant-phytoprotectant associations providing higher benefits.

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