scholarly journals Thicknesses/Roughness Relationship in Mg-Al-Mg and Mg-Ti-Mg Hybrid Component Plates for Drilled Aeronautical Lightweight Parts

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 8208
Author(s):  
David Blanco ◽  
Eva María Rubio ◽  
José Manuel Sáenz de Pipaón ◽  
Marta María Marín
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Taguchi Methodology ◽  
Transport Costs ◽  
Hybrid Compounds ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Aeronautical Industry ◽  
Polluting Emissions ◽  
Significant Factors

Multimaterial hybrid compounds formed from lightweight structural materials have been acquiring great importance in recent years in the aeronautical and automotive sectors, where they are replacing traditional materials to reduce the mass of vehicles; this will enable either an increase in the action ratio or a reduction in the fuel consumption of vehicles and, in short, will lead to savings in transport costs and a reduction in polluting emissions. Besides, the implementation of production and consumption models based on the circular economy is becoming more and more important, where the repair and, for this purpose, the use of recyclable materials, is crucial. In this context, the analysis of a repair process is carried out by re-drilling Mg-Al-Mg multimaterial components using experimental design (DoE) based on Taguchi methodology, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) and descriptive statistics. The study concludes which are the significant factors and interactions of the process, comparing the results with previous similar studies, and establishing bases to determine the optimum thicknesses of hybrid magnesium-based component plates of drilled parts in the aeronautical industry, guaranteeing surface roughness requirements in repair and maintenance operations throughout their lifetime.

scholarly journals CIRCULAR ECONOMY AND ‘CIRCULAR ECONOMY PROFESSIONAL’: CONCEPTS IN UKRAINIAN AND POLISH SCIENTIFIC FIELD

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-67
Author(s):  
Alexey S Sysoev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Scientific Field ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Training Professionals ◽  
Environmental Instability ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Circular Economics ◽  
Definition Of

The article analyses the approaches to the definition of ‘circular economy’ and ‘professional in circular economy’ in the Ukrainian and Polish scientific space. It is shown that in Ukraine today there is a linear economic model, according to which enterprises extract natural resources and sell what they produce to consumers who throw away products, if it no longer serves its purpose. As a result of this model, our natural resources are reduced and the amount of waste we generate increases, which leads to environmental instability and environmental degradation. The concept of ‘professional in circular economics’ in the Ukrainian educational and economic field is absent, in contrast to European countries, in particular the Republic of Poland, where the circular economy is considered as a strategy of economic development and much attention is paid to training professionals in circular economics and to improving qualification of those, who are already working. The purpose of the work is to highlight the approaches to understanding the circular economy and the content of the activities of professionals in a circular economy in the Ukrainian and Polish scientific field. Circular economy is characterized as a general name of economic activity aimed at energy saving, regenerative environmentally friendly production and consumption. The role of the circular economy as the most successful way of saving resources and materials, and thus the way to constant economic growth, in contrast to the traditional model of economic development. It is emphasized that the transition to a circular economy will create new jobs in many sectors of the economy. Ukrainian experts, in particular economists, emphasize the importance of the transition to a circular economy (instead of a linear one). Key words: linear economy; professionals’ training in circular economy; circular economy; professional in circular economy.

scholarly journals MEASURING THE PROGRESS TOWARDS CIRCULAR ECONOMY IN EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-35
Author(s):  
Nicolae Pintilie ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
Continuous Actions ◽  
Consumption Waste

This paper aims to create an image of progress towards circular economy registered by European Union countries through specific indicators. In this way, this paper is based on the study and analysis of the 13 indicators, grouped on 4 pillars: Production and consumption, Waste management, Secondary raw materials, Competitiveness and innovation. After the presentation of the methodology, the paper develops an analysis in time and space of the selected indicators, then an analysis of the countries with their grouping on clusters, creating a map of them and highlighting the current situation of circular economy in the European Union. Moreover, the paper also presents the evolution of the countries regarding circular economy, which has a big importance taking into account that in the European Union the preoccupations for this concept is higher from one period to another. Among the most interesting results are: (1) a massive concentration of countries with problems for Waste management pillar; (2) Europe is one of the regions with the largest contribution in terms of circular economy, but the concept is developing differently from one country to another; (3) The scoreboard evolution is particularly useful in revealing the continuous actions adopted by countries in order to facilitate the conversion to circular economy. Finally, the paper presents possible limits of the research, but also future directions of its development.

Implementation of Circular Practices in Small and Medium Enterprises in Developing Countries

2020 ◽  
pp. 144-166
Author(s):  
Michael Torres-Franco ◽  
Valentina Villamil
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Relationship

New forms of production and consumption seek greater respect for the environment and the environment in which economic agents are. This has led to circular business practices becoming more important and generating benefits in the final product. This chapter will show the relationship between this practice and SMEs, the problems faced by these companies, and the benefits that this practice can generate for the growth and competitiveness of organizations. The chapter will show in its first part the evolution of the circular economy, and then explain the relationship between it and the SMEs, highlighting the problems and obstacles faced by these companies to implement best practices in production. Finally, recommendations are given to facilitate the implementation of this practice in companies.

scholarly journals Biomolecules from Plant Residues

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1496
Author(s):  
Carmen Ancín-Azpilicueta ◽  
Irene Esparza ◽  
Nerea Jiménez-Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
New Model ◽  
Production And Consumption

The circular economy is a new model of production and consumption that involves reusing, renewing and recycling products to create added value [...]

scholarly journals The impact of the circular economy on the pro-ecological behaviour of consumers in Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 01029
Author(s):  
Inna Lazanyuk ◽  
Svetlana Ratner ◽  
Konstantin Gomonov ◽  
Svetlana Revinova ◽  
Swati Modi
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Environmental Behavior ◽  
Behavior Patterns ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Economic Barriers ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Ecological Behavior ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Education Process

Russia is at the beginning of the development of a circular economy (CE). The development of pro-ecological behavior is one of the main goals to transition to circular patterns of production and consumption. The lack of readiness of technologies and infrastructure to support consumer behavior patterns can inhibit pro-ecological consumer patterns. However, world experience shows that cultural and economic barriers have the most significant impact on which of the practices of pro-environmental behavior are spreading and which are not. The study aims to analyze the reasons for the popularity and unpopularity of the patterns of pro-ecological behavior among Russia’s population. The research methodology is based on a developed questionnaire of 57 practices and aimed at assessing consumer responsiveness in pro-environmental behavior. The processing of the survey results carried out using descriptive and nonparametric statistics. This study argued that widespread adoption of circular economy approaches would require profound changes in manufacturing practices and consumption patterns. The results showed that environmental competence is influenced by external and internal factors that can coordinate the education process.

scholarly journals Effect of Microcredit on Profit Efficiency of Small-Scale Poultry Farmers Oyo State, Nigeria

Agricultura ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Ronke Victoria Orimogunje ◽  
Ayodeji Sunday Ogunleye ◽  
Ayodeji Damilola Kehinde
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Tobit Model ◽  
Selection Model ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Profit Efficiency ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Poultry Farmers ◽  
Significant Factors

This study investigated the effect of microcredit on profit efficiency of small-scale poultry farmers in Oyo State. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select two hundred poultry farmers for the study. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics, Heckman selection model, stochastic frontier and Tobit models. Result from descriptive statistics showed that men (78%) are predominantly involved in poultry production. The average age of poultry farmers in the area of study is approximately 43 years. Most of the farmers are married (77.5%) and literate (80.5%). Furthermore, most of the respondents (73.5%) had access to microcredit with 87.5% belonging to one farmer’s association or the other. Heckman two-stage selection model revealed that membership of cooperative/farmer’s association and contact with extension agent are the significant factors influencing farmer’s access to microcredit. The second stage of the model reveals that age, years of education, household size, years of farming experience, distance to source of microcredit, timeliness of microcredit and stock size are the significant factors influencing the amount of microcredit obtained by farmers. Results obtained from the stochastic frontier model showed that smallholder poultry farmers had an average profit efficiency of 54.0% in poultry production. Furthermore, the Tobit model (Model 1) results revealed that amount of microcredit, distance to source of microcredit, interest rate and loan repayment period significantly influenced farmer’s profit efficiency while in the second model, years of formal education, poultry farming experience and membership of cooperative/farmer’s association influenced farmer’s profit efficiency. The results of two-side censored Tobit model suggest that microcredit variables are the most favourable variables for line of action. This suggested that policy makers should ensure that microcredit available through the agricultural credit programmes get to the needy farmers.

scholarly journals Predictors of Underweight among Children Under-five in Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gebremedhin Desta ◽  
Natnael Mamuye ◽  
Martin Sagayam Kulandairaj ◽  
Denekew Bitew ◽  
Bezarede Mekonnen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Order ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Proximate Factors ◽  
Size At Birth ◽  
Significant Factors

Abstract 9013 under-five children were included for study. Descriptive Statistics and POM were employed identify socio-economic, demographic, and proximate factors of underweight to children among regions of Ethiopia. SAS version 9.4 was used. About 25.3% of children in Ethiopia were underweighted. POM showed that sex, residence, size at birth, age group, incidence of diarrhea, educational level, breastfeeding status, mothers’ employment status, and birth order were found to be significant factors of underweight. Improvement of education for caring child in appropriate age needed. Personal hygiene be improved to prevent exposures to diarrhea and environmental sanitation.

scholarly journals Sustainable Production and Consumption of Food. Mise-en-Place Circular Economy Policies and Waste Management Practices in Tourism Cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9986
Author(s):  
Mark Anthony Camilleri
Keyword(s):  
Food Waste ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality Industry ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality ◽  
Waste Management Practices

Although previous researchers have explored the circular economy practices of different businesses in various contexts, currently, there are still a few contributions that are focused on the sustainable preparation and consumption of food in the tourism and hospitality industry context. Hence, this paper sheds light on case studies from hotels, restaurants, and cafes that are located in urban tourist destinations. This research suggests that catering businesses can implement a number of responsible initiatives by introducing preventative measures and recycling practices to curb food loss and the generation of waste. In conclusion, this contribution implies that there is scope for regulatory authorities and policymakers to encourage hospitality practitioners to engage in circular economy approaches and to incentivize them to minimize food waste in tourism cities.

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