scholarly journals Prevention and Management of Gestational Diabetes Using Vitamin D Supplementation: An Overview and Appraisal of Clinical Trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 8141
Author(s):  
Aya Mousa
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Current State ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Intervention Trials ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Reproductive Processes

A number of studies have examined the role of vitamin D in reproductive processes and disorders of pregnancy such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Although observational studies have linked maternal vitamin D deficiency with a plethora of adverse pregnancy outcomes including GDM, intervention trials generally do not support the use of vitamin D supplementation for GDM prevention or management. This narrative review provides an up-to-date overview and critical appraisal of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to describe the current state of knowledge regarding the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation for preventing and/or managing GDM. Overall, although RCT data indicates a potential benefit of vitamin D in maternal glycaemic control, results are highly disparate and the data published to date have not conclusively established the efficacy of vitamin D in GDM prevention. There are, however, several limitations within the existing literature, including some considerable challenges that are unique to vitamin D trials, which should be carefully considered in the interpretation of the evidence and design of future studies. For now, many unanswered questions remain, and there is still a need for adequately powered and well-designed trials before routine supplementation can be recommended in the context of GDM.

scholarly journals Suplementación de vitamina D en embarazadas y en mujeres con patologías ginecológicas

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (04) ◽  
pp. 377-389
Author(s):  
Jorly Mejía-Montilla ◽  
◽  
Eduardo Reyna-Villasmil ◽  
María Albán-Andrade ◽  
Mariela Meza-Lozada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Reproductive Processes

Apart from the well-known effects of vitamin D in maintaining calcium homeostasis and promoting bone mineralization, there is evidence to suggest that it modulates reproductive processes. About 70% adults have vitamin D deficiencies and there is a gap between recommended dietary intakes and deficient supply in general population. Observational studies show that vitamin D deficiency is a risk marker for reducing fertility and resulting adverse pregnancy. Evidence suggests that it could have beneficial effects on metabolic, hormonal and cellular parameters of polycystic ovarian syndrome, uterine myomatosis and endometriosis, while it seems to be associated with improvements in outcome of in vitro fertilization. The objective of this review was to evaluate the data of current literature on the role of vitamin D supplementation in pregnant women and in women with gynecological pathologies. Keywords: Vitamin D, Supplementation, Pregnancy, Endometriosis, Uterine myomatosis, Infertility.

scholarly journals The Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Glycaemic Control in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omorogieva Ojo ◽  
Sharon M. Weldon ◽  
Trevor Thompson ◽  
Elisabeth J. Vargo
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Glycaemic Control ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent amongst pregnant women and is linked to a range of adverse complications, including gestational diabetes. However, there is no consensus among researchers regarding the impact of vitamin D supplementation in alleviating adverse effects in gestational diabetes. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine whether supplementation of vitamin D given to women with gestational diabetes can promote glycaemic control. EMBASE and PubMed were searched up to November, 2018. The selection criteria included randomised controlled trials of the effect of vitamin D supplementation (1000–4762 IU/day) on pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Study data and outcome measures (fasting blood glucose, glycated haemoglobin and serum insulin) were extracted from included studies. Random-effects models were used for meta-analyses. Heterogeneity tests, and analysis of the risk of bias were conducted. Most of the studies were graded as having either low risk or moderate risk of bias although two studies had a high risk of bias in the areas of blinding of participants and personnel, and incomplete outcome data. On the other hand, the heterogeneity statistic (I2) ranged from 0–41% in the studies included. Five randomised controlled trials were selected for this review and meta-analysis (involving a total of 173 participants supplemented with vitamin D and 153 participants as control drawn from the studies). Vitamin D supplementation was associated with a decrease in fasting blood glucose by a mean of 0.46 mmol/L (−0.68, −0.25) (p < 0.001), glycated haemoglobin by a mean of 0.37% (−0.65, −0.08) (p < 0.01) and serum insulin concentration by mean of 4.10 µIU/mL (−5.50, −2.71) (p < 0.001) compared to controls. This review shows evidence that vitamin D supplementation has the potential to promote glycaemic control in women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM). However, due to the limited number of studies in the meta-analysis, the conclusion should be interpreted with caution. Further studies are needed to fully understand the exact mechanism by which vitamin D influences glucose metabolism.

scholarly journals VITALITY trial: protocol for a randomised controlled trial to establish the role of postnatal vitamin D supplementation in infant immune health

BMJ Open ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. e009377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina J Allen ◽  
Mary Panjari ◽  
Jennifer J Koplin ◽  
Anne-Louise Ponsonby ◽  
Peter Vuillermin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Trial Protocol ◽  
Immune Health ◽  
Randomised Controlled

scholarly journals Optimal Vitamin D Supplementation Levels for Cardiovascular Disease Protection

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian T. Lugg ◽  
Phillip A. Howells ◽  
David R. Thickett
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Disease Marker ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Randomised Controlled

First described in relation to musculoskeletal disease, there is accumulating data to suggest that vitamin D may play an important role in cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this review we aim to provide an overview of the role of vitamin D status as both a marker of and potentially causative agent of hypertension, coronary artery disease, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease. The role of vitamin D levels as a disease marker for all-cause mortality is also discussed. We review the current knowledge gathered from experimental studies, observational studies, randomised controlled trials, and subsequent systematic reviews in order to suggest the optimal vitamin D level for CVD protection.

scholarly journals Role of Vitamin D in Osteoarthritis: Molecular, Cellular, and Clinical Perspectives

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Mabey ◽  
Sittisak Honsawek
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Osteoarthritis is a debilitating and degenerative disease which affects millions of people worldwide. The causes and mechanisms of osteoarthritis remain to be fully understood. Vitamin D has been hypothesised to play essential roles in a number of diseases including osteoarthritis. Many cell types within osteoarthritic joints appear to experience negative effects often at increased sensitivity to vitamin D. These findings contrast clinical research which has identified vitamin D deficiency to have a worryingly high prevalence among osteoarthritis patients. Randomised-controlled trial is considered to be the most rigorous way of determining the effects of vitamin D supplementation on the development of osteoarthritis. Studies into the effects of low vitamin D levels on pain and joint function have to date yielded controversial results. Due to the apparent conflicting effects of vitamin D in knee osteoarthritis, further research is required to fully elucidate its role in the development and progression of the disease as well as assess the efficacy and safety of vitamin D supplementation as a therapeutic strategy.

scholarly journals The Role of Vitamin D in Fertility and during Pregnancy and Lactation: A Review of Clinical Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Pilz ◽  
Armin Zittermann ◽  
Rima Obeid ◽  
Andreas Hahn ◽  
Pawel Pludowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Meta Analyses

Vitamin D deficiency is common and there exists a huge gap between recommended dietary vitamin D intakes and the poor vitamin D supply in the general population. While vitamin D is important for musculoskeletal health, there are accumulating data suggesting that vitamin D may also be important for fertility, pregnancy outcomes and lactation. Significant changes in vitamin D metabolism during pregnancy such as increased production of the “active vitamin D hormone” calcitriol support the important role of vitamin D in this setting. Observational studies show that vitamin D deficiency is a risk marker for reduced fertility and various adverse pregnancy outcomes and is associated with a low vitamin D content of breast milk. Meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) document that physiological vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy is safe and improves vitamin D and calcium status, thereby protecting skeletal health. Although certain RCTs and/or meta-analyses reported some other beneficial effects, it is still not clear whether vitamin D supplementation improves fertility or decreases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes such as low birth weight, pre-eclampsia and neonatal mortality, or reduces wheeze/asthma in the infants. Nevertheless, vitamin D supplementation in pregnant women is frequently required to achieve a sufficient vitamin D status as recommended by nutritional vitamin D guidelines. In this review, we provide an overview of systematic reviews, meta-analyses and large trials reporting clinical data on the role of vitamin D for fertility, pregnancy and lactation.

scholarly journals Differences of Serum 25- (OH) D3 Level and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes between Women with Gestational Diabetes and Healthy Pregnant Women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingfeng JIANG ◽  
Jing ZHANG ◽  
Yuan LIU ◽  
Ting HUANG ◽  
Zheng CAO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Vitamin Supplement ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Background: The difference in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-(OH) D3) level between the gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and healthy pregnant women was analyzed, to provide the experimental evidence for the vitamin supplement in pregnant women, especially those with GDM. Methods: Pregnant women (n=50) who received prenatal care in the Obstetrical Clinic of Xuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital in summer and winter of 2016 were enrolled. They were assigned to the summer GDM group, winter GDM group, summer control group and winter control group. The level of serum 25- (OH)D3 was determined using immunochromatography. Results: The mean level of serum 25-(OH)D3 in pregnant women of four groups was lower than normal level. Compared with control group in corresponding season, the winter and summer GDM groups had significantly lower level of 25-(OH)D3 than the winter and summer control groups (P<0.05). The winter GDM group had significantly lower level of 25-(OH)D3 than the summer GDM group (P<0.05). The winter control group had significantly lower level of 25-(OH)D3 than the summer control group (P<0.05). The percentage of deficient 25-(OH)D3 level was the highest in winter GDM group. Vitamin D deficiency was severer in pregnant women with GDM than healthy pregnant women. In winter, vitamin D deficiency was severer than that in summer. Conclusion: Pregnant women, especially those with GDM, should pay more attention to vitamin D supplementation.

The controversial role of vitamin D as an antioxidant: results from randomised controlled trials

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Tagliaferri ◽  
Debora Porri ◽  
Rachele De Giuseppe ◽  
Matteo Manuelli ◽  
Francesco Alessio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Skeletal Tissue ◽  
Randomised Controlled

AbstractIncreased oxidative stress has been implicated as a potential causal factor in the development of several diseases. In the last decade, an extensive literature has been produced on vitamin D, not limited to its well-known function like a steroid hormone on skeletal tissue, but for its potential pleiotropic role in human health. Several researchers have suggested relationships between vitamin D intake and health outcomes such as cancer prevention and increased immunity, or possible role in preventing diabetes, and in inflammation. Little is known about its antioxidant effect. The aim of the present review was to explore major evidence regarding the potential scavenger capacity of vitamin D in high-evidence human studies. Studies considered by the present review suggest that the potential role of vitamin D as an antioxidant could not be confirmed. Current literature showed controversial effects about the ability of cholecalciferol to prevent or ameliorate oxidative stress biomarkers, and there is need of further and high-quality studies testing the antioxidant effect of vitamin D supplementation.

The role of vitamin D in metabolic and reproductive disturbances of polycystic ovary syndrome: A narrative mini-review

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Daniela Menichini ◽  
Gianpiero Forte ◽  
Beatrice Orrù ◽  
Giuseppe Gullo ◽  
Vittorio Unfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Embryo Quality ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Endometrial Receptivity ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Beneficial Role

Abstract. Vitamin D is a secosteroid hormone that plays a pivotal role in several metabolic and reproductive pathways in humans. Increasing evidence supports the role of vitamin D deficiency in metabolic disturbances and infertility in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Indeed, supplementation with vitamin D seems to have a beneficial role on insulin resistance and endometrial receptivity. On the other hand, exceedingly high levels of vitamin D appear to play a detrimental role on oocytes development and embryo quality. In the current review, we summarize the available evidence about the topic, aiming to suggest the best supplementation strategy in women with PCOS or, more generally, in those with metabolic disturbances and infertility. Based on the retrieved data, vitamin D seems to have a beneficial role on IR, insulin sensitivity and endometrial receptivity, but high levels and incorrect timing of administration seem to have a detrimental role on oocytes development and embryo quality. Therefore, we encourage a low dose supplementation (400–800 IU/day) particularly in vitamin D deficient women that present metabolic disturbances like PCOS. As far as the reproductive health, we advise vitamin D supplementation in selected populations, only during specific moments of the ovarian cycle, to support the luteal phase. However, ambiguities about dosage and timing of the supplementation still emerge from the clinical studies published to date and further studies are required.

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