scholarly journals Thermal Behavior and Flammability of Epoxy Composites Based on Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Expanded Graphite: A Comparative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 6928
Author(s):  
Alexander G. Bannov ◽  
Olga B. Nazarenko ◽  
Evgeny A. Maksimovskii ◽  
Maxim V. Popov ◽  
Irina S. Berdyugina
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Ignition Temperature ◽  
Oxidation Stability ◽  
Expanded Graphite ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Reduction of flammability and improvement of thermal stability of polymers during heating can be achieved by the introduction of fillers. Epoxy composites filled with different loadings of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and expanded graphite (EG) were prepared. The thermal oxidation stability of the prepared samples was investigated under heating in an oxidizing atmosphere using thermal analysis. The hardness was measured using the Shore D hardness test. The flammability of the prepared composites was evaluated by the ignition temperature and time-to-ignition. It was found that there was a rise in temperature corresponding to a 5% weight loss during heating for both epoxy/MWCNT and epoxy/EG composites compared to neat epoxy resin. The Shore D hardness of epoxy/MWCNT composites increased with content growth up to 0.1 wt.% and decreased with further concentration rise. The addition of MWCNTs and EG leads to an increase in the ignition temperature. It has been shown that MWCNTs improve the thermal behavior of epoxy resin in a low temperature region (below ~300 °C) whereas EG shows almost the same thermal behavior above 300 °C. The improvement of thermal properties can be achieved using MWCNTs and EG as fillers.

scholarly journals Thermal Stability and Flammability of Epoxy Composites Filled with Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, Boric Acid, and Sodium Bicarbonate

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 638
Author(s):  
Olga B. Nazarenko ◽  
Yulia A. Amelkovich ◽  
Alexander G. Bannov ◽  
Irina S. Berdyugina ◽  
Visakh P. Maniyan
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Boric Acid ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Thermooxidative Stability ◽  
Epoxy Polymers ◽  
Thermooxidative Destruction ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Epoxy composites filled with 0.5 wt% of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), 10 and 15 wt% of boric acid and sodium bicarbonate separately, as well as composites filled with a combination of MWCNTs-boric acid and MWCNTs-sodium bicarbonate were prepared. The thermal behavior of the prepared samples was investigated under heating in oxidative environment using thermogravimetric analysis. The hardness was measured using the Shore D hardness test. To evaluate the flammability of the samples, the ignition temperature and time-to-ignition were determined. It was concluded that sodium bicarbonate in the studied concentrations (10 and 15 wt%) is not appropriate for use as a filler capable of improving the thermooxidative stability and reducing the flammability of epoxy polymers. The improvement in the thermal properties can be achieved by using the combination of boric acid and multi-walled carbon nanotubes as fillers. The thermooxidative destruction of the samples filled with boric acid passes more slowly and more evenly via the formation of B2O3 as a result of its decomposition.

Effect of Expanded Temperature on Microstructure of Carbon Nanotubes/Expanded Graphite Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 716 ◽  
pp. 373-378
Author(s):  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Xin Bao Gao ◽  
Tian Peng Li
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Physical Adsorption ◽  
Expanded Graphite ◽  
Graphite Flake ◽  
Graphite Composite ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Carbon nanotube/expanded graphite composite material was prepared by expanding the mixture of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and expansible graphite under the condition of high temperature. The microstructure and composition was studied by using SEM and XRD. The study shows that the tubular structure of carbon nanotubes in the composite material is changed by high temperature expanding process, and the microstructure is different with different expanding temperature. When the expanding temperature was 900°C, carbon nanotubes transformed, then attached to the surface of expanded graphite flake, so carbon nanotubes and expanding graphite combined strongly; globular carbon nanotubes attached to the surface of expanded graphite flake at the temperature of 700°C, both were combined much more strongly; carbon nanotubes retained the tube structure at the temperature of 500°C, combination was looser due to the simple physical adsorption. The result shows that the choice of expanding temperature has an important effect on microstructure of carbon nanotube/expanded graphite composite material.

scholarly journals The effect of the surface modification of carbon nanotubes on their dispersion in the epoxy matrix

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Wladyka-Przybylak ◽  
Dorota Wesolek ◽  
Weronika Gieparda ◽  
Anna Boczkowska ◽  
Ewelina Ciecierska
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Epoxy Matrix ◽  
Mechanical Mixing ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Homogeneous Dispersion ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Mixing Method ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

The effect of the surface modification of carbon nanotubes on their dispersion in the epoxy matrix Functionalization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) has an effect on the dispersion of MWCNT in the epoxy matrix. Samples based on two kinds of epoxy resin and different weight percentage of MWCNTs (functionalized and non-functionalized) were prepared. Epoxy/carbon nanotubes composites were prepared by different mixing methods (ultrasounds and a combination of ultrasounds and mechanical mixing). CNTs modified with different functional groups were investigated. Surfactants were used to lower the surface tension of the liquid, which enabled easier spreading and reducing the interfacial tension. Solvents were also used to reduce the liquid viscosity. Some of them facilitate homogeneous dispersion of nanotubes in the resin. The properties of epoxy/nanotubes composites strongly depend on a uniform distribution of carbon nanotubes in the epoxy matrix. The type of epoxy resin, solvent, surfactant and mixing method for homogeneous dispersion of CNTs in the epoxy matrix was evaluated. The effect of CNTs functionalization type on their dispersion in the epoxy resins was evaluated on the basis of viscosity and microstructure studies.

scholarly journals Enhancement of out-of-plane mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite by incorporating the multi-walled carbon nanotubes

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Ali Mirsalehi ◽  
Amir Ali Youzbashi ◽  
Amjad Sazgar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Laminate Composite ◽  
Filament Winding ◽  
Hybrid Nanocomposites ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

AbstractIn this study, epoxy hybrid nanocomposites reinforced by carbon fibers (CFs) were fabricated by a filament winding. To improve out-of-plane (transverse) mechanical properties, 0.5 and 1.0 Wt.% multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were embedded into epoxy/CF composites. The MWCNTs were well dispersed into the epoxy resin without using any additives. The transverse mechanical properties of epoxy/MWCNT/CF hybrid nanocomposites were evaluated by the tensile test in the vertical direction to the CFs (90º tensile) and flexural tests. The fracture surfaces of composites were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The SEM observations showed that the bridging of the MWCNTs is one of the mechanisms of transverse mechanical properties enhancement in the epoxy/MWCNT/CF composites. The results of the 90º tensile test proved that the tensile strength and elongation at break of nanocomposite with 1.0 Wt.% MWCNTs improved up to 53% and 50% in comparison with epoxy/CF laminate composite, respectively. Furthermore, the flexural strength, secant modulus, and elongation of epoxy/1.0 Wt.% MWCNT/CF hybrid nanocomposite increased 15%, 7%, and 9% compared to epoxy/CF laminate composite, respectively.

Characterization of Mechanical and Viscoelastic Properties of SC-15 Epoxy Nanocomposites Reinforced With Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, Nanoclay and Binary Nanoparticles

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanjheel H. Mahdi ◽  
Mohammad E. Islam ◽  
Mahesh V. Hosur ◽  
Alfred Tcherbi-Narteh ◽  
S. Jeelani
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Epoxy Nanocomposites ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Epoxy Resin System ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Binary Nanoparticles

Mechanical and viscoelastic properties of polymer nanocomposites reinforced with carboxyl functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (COOH-MWCNT), montmorillonite nanoclays (MMT) and MWCNT/MMT binary nanoparticle were investigated. In this study, 0.3 wt. % of COOH-MWCNT, 2 wt. % of MMT and 0.1 wt. % COOH-MWCNT/2 wt. % MMT binary nanoparticles by weight of epoxy were incorporated to modify SC-15 epoxy resin system. The nanocomposites were subjected to flexure test, dynamic mechanical and thermomechanical analyses. Morphological study was conducted with scanning electron microscope. Addition of each of the nanoparticles in epoxy showed significant improvement in mechanical and viscoelastic properties compared to those of control ones. But, best results were obtained for addition of 0.1% MWCNT/2% MMT binary nanoparticles in epoxy. Nanocomposites modified with binary nanoparticles exhibited about 20% increase in storage modulus as well as 25° C increase in glass transition temperature. Flexural modulus for binary nanoparticle modified composites depicted about 30% improvement compared to control ones. Thus, improvement of mechanical and viscoelastic properties was achieved by incorporating binary nanoparticles to epoxy nanocomposites. The increase in properties was attributed to synergistic effect of MWCNTs and nanoclay in chemically interacting with each other and epoxy resin as well as in arresting and delaying the crack growth once initiated.

The influence of functionalization time of carbon nanotube on the mechanical properties of the epoxy composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 1693-1701 ◽  
Author(s):  
EA Zakharychev ◽  
EN Razov ◽  
Yu D Semchikov ◽  
NS Zakharycheva ◽  
MA Kabina
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

This paper investigates the structure, length, and percentage of functional groups of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNT) depending on the time taken for functionalization in HNO3 and H2SO4 mixture. The carbon nanotube content and influence of functionalization time on mechanical properties of polymer composite materials based on epoxy matrix are studied. The extreme dependencies of mechanical properties of carbon nanotube functionalization time of polymer composites were established. The rise in tensile strength of obtained composites reaches 102% and elastic modulus reaches 227% as compared to that of unfilled polymer. The composites exhibited best mechanical properties by including carbon nanotube with 0.5 h functionalization time.

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