scholarly journals Development of Fast Sampling and High Recovery Extraction Method for Stable Isotope Measurement of Gaseous Mercury

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 6691
Author(s):  
Satoshi Irei
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Collection Efficiency ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Mercury Isotope ◽  
Aqua Regia ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Gaseous Mercury ◽  
Sand Trap ◽  
Coated Sand ◽  
Mass Spectrometer Sampling

A method involving fast large-volume sampling and bag extraction of total gaseous mercury (TGM) using a 5 mL acid solution was developed for stable mercury isotope ratio measurements. A big gold-coated sand trap (BAuT)—a 45 (i.d.) × 300 mm (length) quartz tube with 131 times more trapping material than a conventional gold trap—was used for the collection of a large amount of TGM. The collected TGM was extracted using 5 mL inversed aqua regia in a 2 L Tedlar bag followed by isotope measurements using a cold vapor generator coupled with a multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. Sampling tests demonstrated that the collection efficiency of the BAuT was 99.9% or higher during the 1–24 h sampling period under the flow rate of 20–100 L min−1. Recovery tests of 24 h bag extraction using 100 ng NIST SRM 8610 exhibited nearly 100% recovery yields. The five measured stable mercury isotope ratios agreed with reference values within 2σ intervals. The overall methodology tested during the pilot field and laboratory studies demonstrated its successful application in analysis, promising highly precise stable mercury isotopic data with a time resolution of less than 24 h.

scholarly journals Determination Of Silver In Geological Samples Using Aerosol Dilution ICP-MS After Water-Bath Extraction With Inverse Aqua Regia

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Standard Reference Materials ◽  
Geological Samples ◽  
Aqua Regia ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Traditional Mode ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

A valid method for trace silver (Ag) detection in geological samples was developed in this study using aerosol dilution inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry after extraction with inverse aqua regia. This was proposed primarily to reduce the interference from Nb and Zr during mass spectrometric measurements. Almost 93% of Nb and Zr was removed after the extraction. By mixing an appropriate amount of Ar with the sample aerosol using an aerosol dilution system prior to plasma, the residual Nb oxides and Zr oxides or hydroxides could be successfully removed. The relative yields of the interfering oxides and hydroxides were as low as 0.087% (NbO/Nb) and 0.013% (ZrOH/Zr), which were 3–5 times lower than those in the traditional mode without the addition of Ar. Moreover, the signal-to-noise ratio of Ag was five times higher than that in the traditional mode. The proposed method was applied to the determination of Ag in 68 standard reference materials (SRMs) of soil, sediment, and rock. The results for 47 of these geological SRMs were in good agreement with the reference values. The Ag levels in three SRMs (GSP-2 Granodiorite, STM-2, and SGR-1b) are being reported for the first time herein. For these SRMs, 10 separate aliquots of the sample were digested and analyzed over a period of three months, and analysis revealed that the determined values were reasonable. Thus, the proposed method shows significant potential for the accurate determination of trace Ag in various geological samples.

scholarly journals Experimental Study of Collection Efficiencies between Submicron Aerosols and Cloud Droplets

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 1853-1864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Ladino ◽  
Olaf Stetzer ◽  
Bodo Hattendorf ◽  
Detlef Günther ◽  
Betty Croft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Collection Efficiency ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Cloud Droplet ◽  
Cloud Droplets ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Aerosol Mass ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Experimental Values

Abstract Collection efficiency E experiments for aerosol particles scavenged by cloud droplets were carried out in the newly built Collision Ice Nucleation Chamber (CLINCH). Pure water droplets having radii between 12.8 and 20.0 μm were allowed to fall freely and to collide in a laminar flow with lithium metaborate particles having radii between 0.05 and 0.33 μm. At the bottom of the chamber, the droplets and the particles captured were collected using a cup impactor. The collected solution was analyzed for the scavenged aerosol mass by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Evaporation of droplets was taken into account since the relative humidity inside the chamber was below 100%, resulting in final theoretical droplet sizes between 4.2 and 17.6 μm. The resulting experimental measurements were compared with theoretical values to see their correlation. The authors found an experimental trend similar to theory, as well as the “Greenfield gap” at the particle radius of 0.24 μm (E = 0.038) for the smallest cloud droplet size investigated in this study. The experimental values of collection efficiency found herein agree with those from theory within one order of magnitude, similar to previous studies reported in the literature.

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