scholarly journals Marine Microalgae for Potential Lutein Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 6457
Author(s):  
Sushanta Kumar Saha ◽  
Hande Ermis ◽  
Patrick Murray
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Commercial Market ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Lutein Production

Lutein is particularly known to help maintain normal visual function by absorbing and attenuating the blue light that strikes the retina in our eyes. The effect of overexposure to blue light on our eyes due to the excessive use of electronic devices is becoming an issue of modern society due to insufficient dietary lutein consumption through our normal diet. There has, therefore, been an increasing demand for lutein-containing dietary supplements and also in the food industry for lutein supplementation in bakery products, infant formulas, dairy products, carbonated drinks, energy drinks, and juice concentrates. Although synthetic carotenoid dominates the market, there is a need for environmentally sustainable carotenoids including lutein production pathways to match increasing consumer demand for natural alternatives. Currently, marigold flowers are the predominant natural source of lutein. Microalgae can be a competitive sustainable alternative, which have higher growth rates and do not require arable land and/or a growth season. Currently, there is no commercial production of lutein from microalgae, even though astaxanthin and β-carotene are commercially produced from specific microalgal strains. This review discusses the potential microalgae strains for commercial lutein production, appropriate cultivation strategies, and the challenges associated with realising a commercial market share.

scholarly journals Characterization and Evaluation of Salvia hispanica L. and Salvia columbariae Benth. Varieties for Their Cultivation in Southwestern Germany

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2012
Author(s):  
Samantha Jo Grimes ◽  
Filippo Capezzone ◽  
Peteh Mehdi Nkebiwe ◽  
Simone Graeff-Hönninger
Keyword(s):  
Seed Mass ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Salvia Hispanica ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Chia Seed ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Salvia Hispanica L ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
Seed Yields

Rising consumer attraction towards superfoods and the steadily increasing demand for healthy, environmentally sustainable, and regionally produced food products has sharpened the demand for chia. Over the course of 4 years, two early flowering chia varieties belonging to Salvia hispanica L., and Salvia columbariae Benth. Species were identified to complete their phenological development and, therefore, able to reach maturity under a photoperiod >12 h, thus enabling the cultivation of chia in central Europe—more specifically, in southwestern Germany—consistently for the first time. Results obtained by the conducted field trial in 2018 showed that chia seed yields and thousand-seed mass ranged from 284.13 to 643.99 kg ha−1 and 0.92 to 1.36 g, respectively. Further, the statistical analyses showed that the protein content of the cultivated chia varieties ranged from 22.14 to 27.78%, the mucilage content varied from 10.35 to 20.66%, and the crude oil content amounted up to 28.00 and 31.73%. Fatty acid profiles were similar to previously reported data with α-Linolenic acid being the most prominent one, ranging from 60.40 to 65.87%, and we obtained ω6:ω3 ratios between 0.2 and 0.3. In conclusion, chia could represent a promising raw material from a nutritional point of view, while being able to diversify the local food basis of southwestern Germany.

scholarly journals Advances in Selective Flotation and Leaching Process in Metallurgy

Metals ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Ilhwan Park
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Household Appliances ◽  
Selective Flotation ◽  
Leaching Process ◽  
Finite Resource

Metals are a finite resource that are necessary to maintain living standards in modern society, due to their countless applications, such as transportation vehicles, building and construction, household appliances, electronic devices, etc. [...]

Applications of Vibration-Based Energy Harvesting (VEH) Devices

2017 ◽  
pp. 989-1014
Author(s):  
Ooi Beng Lee ◽  
Thein Chung Ket ◽  
Yew Chun Keat ◽  
A. Rashid A. Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Mechanical Transducer ◽  
Alternative Power ◽  
Electronic Technologies ◽  
Electronic Sensors

This chapter reviews present usage of vibration-based energy harvesting (VEH) devices and applications. The evolution of energy resources and advance in electronic technologies has resulting the need of self-sustainable wireless/portable electronic devices in current modern society. Batteries are non-beneficial in the miniaturization process of electronic designing and alternative power supplies are desperately needed to fill in the falling behind technologies gap to drive the advance of the wireless/portable development further. VEH mechanism is suggested in this chapter as the solution for the bottleneck. Various consideration of creating an optimal vibration energy harvester are suggested through an analytical model of a mechanical transducer. Useful applications and usages of VEH are presented and some suggestion for improvement are also given. Lastly, the trend of energy harvesting is annotated and commented in-line with the demand of electronic sensors market.

Metabolic Engineering of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii for Enhanced β-Carotene and Lutein Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 190 (4) ◽  
pp. 1457-1469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayant Pralhad Rathod ◽  
Chaitali Vira ◽  
Arvind M. Lali ◽  
Gunjan Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Engineering ◽  
Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Lutein Production

scholarly journals Protective Effect of the Aqueous Extract of Deschampsia antarctica (EDAFENCE®) on Skin Cells against Blue Light Emitted from Digital Devices

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Lorrio ◽  
Azahara Rodríguez-Luna ◽  
Pablo Delgado-Wicke ◽  
Marta Mascaraque ◽  
María Gallego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Light Irradiation ◽  
Deschampsia Antarctica ◽  
Pathway Activation

Skin is being increasingly exposed to artificial blue light due to the extensive use of electronic devices. This, together with recent observations reporting that blue light—also known as high-energy visible light—can exert cytotoxic effects associated with oxidative stress and promote hyperpigmentation, has sparked interest in blue light and its potential harmful effects on skin. The photoprotective properties of new extracts of different botanicals with antioxidant activity are therefore being studied. Deschampsia antarctica (Edafence®, EDA), a natural aqueous extract, has shown keratinocyte and fibroblast cell protection effects against ultraviolet radiation and dioxin toxicity. In this regard, we studied the protective capacity of EDA against the deleterious effects of artificial blue light irradiation in human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) and melanocytes. We analyzed the impact of EDA on viability, cell morphology, oxidative stress, melanogenic signaling pathway activation and hyperpigmentation in HDF and melanocytes subjected to artificial blue light irradiation. Our results show that EDA protects against cell damage caused by artificial blue light, decreasing oxidative stress, melanogenic signaling pathway activation and hyperpigmentation caused by blue light irradiation. All these findings suggest that EDA might help prevent skin damage produced by artificial blue light exposure from screen of electronic devices.

scholarly journals Adaptation options for wheat in Europe will be limited by increased adverse weather events under climate change

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (112) ◽  
pp. 20150721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Trnka ◽  
Petr Hlavinka ◽  
Mikhail A. Semenov
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Price Volatility ◽  
Cereal Crop ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Expected Increase ◽  
Adaptation Options

Ways of increasing the production of wheat, the most widely grown cereal crop, will need to be found to meet the increasing demand caused by human population growth in the coming decades. This increase must occur despite the decrease in yield gains now being reported in some regions, increased price volatility and the expected increase in the frequency of adverse weather events that can reduce yields. However, if and how the frequency of adverse weather events will change over Europe, the most important wheat-growing area, has not yet been analysed. Here, we show that the accumulated probability of 11 adverse weather events with the potential to significantly reduce yield will increase markedly across all of Europe. We found that by the end of the century, the exposure of the key European wheat-growing areas, where most wheat production is currently concentrated, may increase more than twofold. However, if we consider the entire arable land area of Europe, a greater than threefold increase in risk was predicted. Therefore, shifting wheat production to new producing regions to reduce the risk might not be possible as the risk of adverse events beyond the key wheat-growing areas increases even more. Furthermore, we found a marked increase in wheat exposure to high temperatures, severe droughts and field inaccessibility compared with other types of adverse events. Our results also showed the limitations of some of the presently debated adaptation options and demonstrated the need for development of region-specific strategies. Other regions of the world could be affected by adverse weather events in the future in a way different from that considered here for Europe. This observation emphasizes the importance of conducting similar analyses for other major wheat regions.

scholarly journals The integration of a high voltage cable fault location instrument with modern information technology

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Roger James Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Fault Location ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Power Cables ◽  
Direct And Indirect Costs ◽  
Modern Information Technology ◽  
Domestic Use ◽  
Modern Information ◽  
Increasing Demand

Modern society as a whole seems destined to have an ever-increasing demand for power for both industrial and domestic use, as continued population growth means that cities, suburbs and industrial areas become larger and denser. At the same time the trend toward increased productivity in all segments of industry is influencing the development and techniques employed at locating faults in power cables and networks to ensure only limited downtime and reduced direct and indirect costs associated with the location of faults

scholarly journals A Comparison of β-Carotene, Phytoene and Amino Acids Production in Dunaliella salina DF 15 (CCAP 19/41) and Dunaliella salina CCAP 19/30 Using Different Light Wavelengths

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2824
Author(s):  
Yixing Sui ◽  
Laura Mazzucchi ◽  
Parag Acharya ◽  
Yanan Xu ◽  
Geraint Morgan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Dunaliella Salina ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Valuable Compounds ◽  
Β Carotene

Strains of Dunaliella salina microalgae are of considerable research and industrial interest because they hyper-accumulate β-carotene as well as produce high-quality protein. To explore the co-production of valuable compounds in D. salina, this study compared the production of β-carotene, phytoene and amino acids in two strains cultivated under white, red or blue light until no further nitrogen was available. D. salina DF15 (CCAP 19/41 (PLY DF15)) produced more than 12% β-carotene (ash-free dry weight (AFDW) basis), and red light triggered the production of 9-cis β-carotene at a 9-cis/all-trans β-carotene ratio of 1.5. Phytoene production was also evident in D. salina DF15 under all conditions, particularly under blue light. However, the profile of essential amino acids (EAAs) and calculation of the essential amino acid index (EAAI) was less than ideal in terms of protein quality, for both strains. Umami compounds, quantified as monosodium glutamate (MSG) equivalents, indicated a higher equivalent umami concentration (EUC) in D. salina DF15 under red light (3.2 g MSG/100 g AFDW) than in D. salina CCAP19/30. Overall, D. salina DF15 demonstrates valuable traits for further exploration and product optimisation.

scholarly journals Metallic Pins as Electrodes in Low-Cost (Bio)Electroanalytical Devices

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Andrea González-López ◽  
Olaya Amor-Gutiérrez ◽  
Estefanía Costa-Rama ◽  
M. Teresa Fernández-Abedul
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Glucose Determination ◽  
Do It Yourself ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Analytical Platforms

The increasing demand for fast and on-site information has generated great interest in developing simple and portable analytical devices that provide reliable responses. Electroanalytical devices fit perfectly with these purposes because of their ease of use, low cost and facility of miniaturization. Moreover, the growing interest in the construction of do-it-yourself electronic devices has spread the use of common and mass-produced materials for the development of analytical devices. In this context, it is presented here the use of gold-plated pins, from standard connections, and stainless-steel pins, from needlework, as electrodes in (bio)electroanalytical platforms. Three different analytical platforms combining those pins with paper, transparency sheets or micropipette tips were constructed and applied in food and environmental analyses: glucose determination in beverages and surfactant analysis in water.

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