scholarly journals Table-Top Water-Window Microscope Using a Capillary Discharge Plasma Source with Spatial Resolution 75 nm

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 6373
Author(s):  
Tomáš Parkman ◽  
Michal Nevrkla ◽  
Alexandr Jančárek ◽  
Jana Turňová ◽  
Dalibor Pánek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fresnel Zone ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Plasma Source ◽  
Capillary Discharge ◽  
Sample Plane ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Water Window ◽  
Imaging Results

We present a design of a compact transmission water-window microscope based on the Z-pinching capillary discharge nitrogen plasma source. The microscope operates at wavelength of 2.88 nm (430 eV), and with its table-top dimensions provides an alternative to large-scale soft X-ray (SXR) microscope systems based on synchrotrons and free-electron lasers. The emitted soft X-ray radiation is filtered by a titanium foil and focused by an ellipsoidal condenser mirror into the sample plane. A Fresnel zone plate was used to create a transmission image of the sample onto a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera. To assess the resolution of the microscope, we imaged a standard sample-copper mesh. The spatial resolution of the microscope is 75 nm at half-pitch, calculated via a 10–90% intensity knife-edge test. The applicability of the microscope is demonstrated by the imaging of green algae-Desmodesmus communis. This paper describes the principle of capillary discharge source, design of the microscope, and experimental imaging results of Cu mesh and biological sample.

scholarly journals Biological Applications of Short Wavelength Microscopy Based on Compact, Laser-Produced Gas-Puff Plasma Source

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 8338
Author(s):  
Alfio Torrisi ◽  
Przemysław W. Wachulak ◽  
Andrzej Bartnik ◽  
Łukasz Węgrzyński ◽  
Tomasz Fok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Extreme Ultraviolet ◽  
Plasma Source ◽  
Short Exposure ◽  
Biological Applications ◽  
Short Exposure Time ◽  
Full Field ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Water Window ◽  
Imaging Results

Over the last decades, remarkable efforts have been made to improve the resolution in photon-based microscopes. The employment of compact sources based on table-top laser-produced soft X-ray (SXR) in the “water window” spectral range (λ = 2.3–4.4 nm) and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) plasma allowed to overcome the limitations imposed by large facilities, such as synchrotrons and X-ray free electron lasers (XFEL), because of their high complexity, costs, and limited user access. A laser-plasma double stream gas-puff target source represents a powerful tool for microscopy operating in transmission mode, significantly improving the spatial resolution into the nanometric scale, comparing to the traditional visible light (optical) microscopes. Such an approach allows generating the plasma efficiently, without debris, providing a high flux of EUV and SXR photons. In this review, we present the development and optimization of desktop imaging systems: a EUV and an SXR full field microscope, allowing to achieve a sub-50 nm spatial resolution with short exposure time and an SXR contact microscope, capable to resolve internal structures in a thin layer of sensitive photoresist. Details about the source, as well as imaging results for biological applications, will be presented and discussed.

scholarly journals Development and optimization of a “water window” microscope based on a gas-puff target laser-produced plasma source

2018 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 03002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfio Torrisi ◽  
Przemyslaw Wachulak ◽  
Andrzej Bartnik ◽  
Łukasz Węgrzyński ◽  
Tomasz Fok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Fresnel Zone ◽  
Plasma Source ◽  
High Resolution Imaging ◽  
Complementary Information ◽  
Water Window ◽  
Compact Size ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
Target Source ◽  
The University

A laser-plasma double stream gas-puff target source coupled with Fresnel zone plate (FZP) optics, operating at He-like nitrogen spectral line λ=2.88nm, is capable of acquire complementary information in respect to optical and electron microscopy, allowing to obtain high resolution imaging, compared to the traditional visible light microscopes, with an exposition time of a few seconds. The compact size and versatility of the microscope offers the possibility to perform imaging experiments in the university laboratories, previously restricted to large-scale photon facilities. Source and microscope optimization, and examples of applications will be presented and discussed.

scholarly journals Recent advancements in the “water-window” microscopy with laser-plasma SXR source based on a double stream gas-puff target

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
P.W. Wachulak
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Laser Plasma ◽  
Fresnel Zone ◽  
Type I ◽  
Fresnel Zone Plate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Water Window ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Microscopy Techniques ◽  
Near Future

AbstractAn overview of our recent developments, regarding “water-window” soft X-ray (SXR) microscopy based on a laser-plasma double stream gas puff target sources is presented. The work, presented herein, describes two approaches to SXR microscopy. The first one is a low spatial resolution, achromatic SXR microscopy, employing Wolter type-I objective. The second one is a nanometer spatial resolution SXR microscopy, with the use of a Fresnel zone plate objective, for imaging various objects with quasimonochromatic light, emitted from a double stream gas puff target based short wavelength source. The developments regarding both systems are presented, as well as the possible applications, for which the SXR microscope was already employed. Such compact, table-top size, laboratory type microscopy setups may be employed in the near future for complementary-like studies to other, often used, microscopy techniques.

APD-based x-ray imaging telescope using Fresnel zone plates for extremely high spatial resolution

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Squillante ◽  
Richard A. Myers ◽  
Mitchell Woodring ◽  
James F. Christian ◽  
Frank Robertson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Fresnel Zone ◽  
Fresnel Zone Plates ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Zone Plates ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Imaging Telescope

scholarly journals Nanoimaging using soft X-ray and EUV laser-plasma sources

2018 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 03001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Przemyslaw Wachulak ◽  
Alfio Torrisi ◽  
Mesfin Ayele ◽  
Andrzej Bartnik ◽  
Joanna Czwartos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Plasma ◽  
Material Science ◽  
Imaging Systems ◽  
Fibroblast Cells ◽  
Plasma Sources ◽  
Full Field ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Water Window ◽  
Imaging Results ◽  
New Research

In this work we present three experimental, compact desk-top imaging systems: SXR and EUV full field microscopes and the SXR contact microscope. The systems are based on laser-plasma EUV and SXR sources based on a double stream gas puff target. The EUV and SXR full field microscopes, operating at 13.8 nm and 2.88 nm wavelengths are capable of imaging nanostructures with a sub-50 nm spatial resolution and short (seconds) exposure times. The SXR contact microscope operates in the “water-window” spectral range and produces an imprint of the internal structure of the imaged sample in a thin layer of SXR sensitive photoresist. Applications of such desk-top EUV and SXR microscopes, mostly for biological samples (CT26 fibroblast cells and Keratinocytes) are also presented. Details about the sources, the microscopes as well as the imaging results for various objects will be presented and discussed. The development of such compact imaging systems may be important to the new research related to biological, material science and nanotechnology applications.

scholarly journals A new device to mount portable energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometers (p-ED-XRF) for semi-continuous analyses of split (sediment) cores and solid samples

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Hoelzmann ◽  
Torsten Klein ◽  
Frank Kutz ◽  
Brigitta Schütt
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Solid Samples ◽  
Industrial Property ◽  
X Ray ◽  
New Device ◽  
Sample Chamber

Abstract. Portable energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometers (p-ED-XRF) have become increasingly popular in sedimentary laboratories to quantify the chemical composition of a range of materials such as sediments, soils, solid samples, and artefacts. Here, we introduce a low-cost, clearly arranged unit that functions as a sample chamber (German industrial property rights no. 20 2014 106 048.0) for p-ED-XRF devices to facilitate economic, non-destructive, fast, and semi-continuous analysis of (sediment) cores or other solid samples. The spatial resolution of the measurements is limited to the specifications of the applied p-ED-XRF device – in our case a Thermo Scientific Niton XL3t p-ED-XRF spectrometer with a maximum spatial resolution of 0.3 cm and equipped with a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera to document the measurement spot. We demonstrate the strength of combining p-ED-XRF analyses with this new sample chamber to identify Holocene facies changes (e.g. marine vs. terrestrial sedimentary facies) using a sediment core from an estuarine environment in the context of a geoarchaeological investigation at the Atlantic coast of southern Spain.

scholarly journals Capillary Discharge XUV Radiation Source

10.14311/1123 ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Nevrkla
Keyword(s):  
Laser Radiation ◽  
Discharge Current ◽  
Discharge Plasma ◽  
Capacitor Bank ◽  
Capillary Discharge ◽  
Ionized Gas ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Water Window ◽  
Ceramic Capacitor ◽  
Argon Ions

A device producing Z-pinching plasma as a source of XUV radiation is described. Here a ceramic capacitor bank pulse-charged up to 100 kV is discharged through a pre-ionized gas-filled ceramic tube 3.2 mm in diameter and 21 cm in length. The discharge current has amplitude of 20 kA and a rise-time of 65 ns. The apparatus will serve as experimental device for studying of capillary discharge plasma, for testing X-ray optics elements and for investigating the interaction of water-window radiation with biological samples. After optimization it will be able to produce 46.9 nm laser radiation with collision pumped Ne-like argon ions active medium. 

Development and demonstration of a water-window soft x-ray microscope using a Z-pinching capillary discharge source

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Nawaz ◽  
Alexandr Jancarek ◽  
Michal Nevrkla ◽  
Martin Jakub Duda ◽  
Ladislav Pina
Keyword(s):  
Capillary Discharge ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Water Window ◽  
Discharge Source
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