scholarly journals PMMA Intraocular Lenses Changes after Treatment with Nd:Yag Laser: A Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-ray Spectrometry Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 6321
Author(s):  
Alessandro Meduri ◽  
Alice Antonella Severo ◽  
Antonio De Maria ◽  
Pietro Perroni ◽  
Giuseppe Acri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nd:Yag Laser ◽  
Surface Group ◽  
Intraocular Lenses ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wrinkled Surface ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Normal Shape ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Group 1

Neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser may cause intraocular lenses (IOLs) damages. Therefore, the effects of Nd:YAG laser on IOLs were evaluated. Twenty-four IOLs (copolymer of 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate and 2-ethoxyethylmethacrylate) were used. For scanning electron microscope (SEM), twelve IOLs were divided into three groups: Group 1, controls; Group 2, IOLs treated with two laser spots (YC-1800 Nidek Nd:YAG laser set at 1.2 mJ); and Group 3, IOLs treated with six laser spots. All IOLs were critical point dried in CO2 and viewed in a Zeiss EVO LS10 SEM. For Energy Dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX), four IOLs of each group were examined with a Jeol JMC-6000 SEM. With SEM, Group 1 IOLs showed well-preserved size, shape and surface. Group 2 IOLs exhibited normal shape and margins, a peripheral furrow with irregular blebs, straight clefts and holes on the wrinkled surface. Group 3 IOLs were swollen and broken into two or three parts. With SEM and EDX, Group 1 and the undamaged surfaces of Groups 2 and 3 showed evident carbon and oxygen peaks, while, in the damaged areas, both atoms were significantly reduced. Nd:YAG laser induced evident changes in IOLs morphology and organic alterations in their chemistry: great care during posterior capsule opacification treatment is required.

scholarly journals Influence of the EDTA, Nd:YAG laser and association of both on the filling of artificial lateral root canals

2004 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Gomes de Moraes ◽  
Clovis Monteiro Bramante ◽  
Ivaldo Gomes de Moraes ◽  
Everdan Carneiro ◽  
Renato Menezes
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Nd:Yag Laser ◽  
Lateral Root ◽  
Hybrid Technique ◽  
Apical Portion ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Sodium Hypochloride ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

This study aimed at evaluating the influence of EDTA, Nd:YAG laser and the combination of both for filling of artificial lateral root canals. Forty-five human mandibular premolars were employed, on which three artificial lateral root canals were prepared by means of a reamer with a similar diameter to a K file #15. The teeth were instrumented through the stepback technique employing Gates Glidden burs at the middle and cervical thirds and manual files at the apical portion, and irrigation with 1% sodium hypochloride. The teeth were divided in three groups: Group 1 -EDTA for 5 minutes; Group 2 -application of Nd:YAG laser at 15 Hz, 100 mJ and 1.5 Watts; and Group 3 - association of both. Roots were filled through the Tagger's hybrid technique, radiographed and the radiographs were digitized. Scores were assigned to the filling of the lateral root canals. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences between the entire groups and also on the analysis of each third.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Cleaning Efficacy of Three Different Single File Systems: An In Vitro Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Deebah Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
File Systems ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Single File ◽  
Working Length ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Cleaning Efficacy ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Group 1

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the canal cleaning efficacy of these three file systems using scanning electron microscopy. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in the Department of Conservative dentistry and Endodontics, Institute of Dental Sciences Sehora, between October 2020 and December 2020. Materials and Methods: Access cavity preparation was performed on sixty extracted human mandibular premolar teeth and working length was determined. The samples were randomly divided into three groups (n=20) depending upon the file system used i.e. Group 1 (Reciproc Blue), Group 2 (Waveone Gold) and Group 3 (F360). Samples were split into two halves by creating longitudinal grooves on the buccal and lingual surfaces. The samples were sputter-coated with gold and examined under scanning electron microscope at 5000X. The dentinal wall of root canal at coronal, middle and apical thirds of each sample were evaluated for the presence of determining the canal cleanliness and then analyzed using a five-score index. Results: The results of this study revealed that Group 1 (Reciproc Blue) exhibited better cleaning efficacy than samples of Group 2 (WaveOne Gold) and Group 3 (F360) at different locations in the canal i.e. coronal, middle and apical. The mean debris present was highest in coronal area for both group 2 and group 3 i.e. 2.1 and least was seen in apical area of group 1 i.e. 0.3. (p<0.05) Conclusion: Reciproc Blue single-file showed highest cleaning efficacy followed by Waveone Gold and F360. Reciproc file also showed effective cleaning in the apical third of the canal.

scholarly journals Low Dose X-Ray Sources and High Quantum Efficiency Sensors: The Next Challenge in Dental Digital Imaging?

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Arnav R. Mistry ◽  
Daniel Uzbelger Feldman ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
Eric Ryterski
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Image Resolution ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Imaging Technologies ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective(s). The major challenge encountered to decrease the milliamperes (mA) level in X-ray imaging systems is the quantum noise phenomena. This investigation evaluated dose exposure and image resolution of a low dose X-ray imaging (LDXI) prototype comprising a low mA X-ray source and a novel microlens-based sensor relative to current imaging technologies.Study Design. A LDXI in static (group 1) and dynamic (group 2) modes was compared to medical fluoroscopy (group 3), digital intraoral radiography (group 4), and CBCT scan (group 5) using a dental phantom.Results. The Mann-Whitney test showed no statistical significance(α=0.01)in dose exposure between groups 1 and 3 and 1 and 4 and timing exposure (seconds) between groups 1 and 5 and 2 and 3. Image resolution test showed group 1 > group 4 > group 2 > group 3 > group 5.Conclusions. The LDXI proved the concept for obtaining a high definition image resolution for static and dynamic radiography at lower or similar dose exposure and smaller pixel size, respectively, when compared to current imaging technologies. Lower mA at the X-ray source and high QE at the detector level principles with microlens could be applied to current imaging technologies to considerably reduce dose exposure without compromising image resolution in the near future.

scholarly journals The Effects of Insufflation Conditions on Rat Mesothelium

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew K. Davey ◽  
Jessica Hayward ◽  
Jean K. Marshall ◽  
Anthony E. Woods
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Mesothelial Cell ◽  
Surface Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Aim. The aim of this investigation was to examine the alterations in the peritoneum after cold dry CO2, heated dry CO2, and humidified heated CO2at pressures equivalent to intraperitoneal pressures used in human laparoscopy.Methods. Eighteen rats were divided into 4 treatment groups—group 1: untreated control; group 2: insufflation with cold dry CO2; group 3: insufflation with heated, dry CO2; group 4: insufflation with heated and humidified CO2. The abdomen was insufflated to 5 mm/Hg (flow rate 50 mL/min) for 2 h. Twelve hours later, tissue samples were collected for analysis by light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).Results. Group 1: no abnormalities were detected. Group 2: specimens revealed an inflammatory response with loss of mesothelium and mesothelial cell nuclei showing lytic change. Cells were rounded with some areas of cell flattening and separation. Group 3: some animals showed little or no alteration, while others had a mild inflammatory response. Mesothelial cells were rounded and showed crenation on the exposed surface. Group 4: specimens showed little change from the control group.Conclusions. The LM results indicate that insufflations with heated, humidified CO2are the least likely to induce mesothelial damage.

scholarly journals Effects of diferent salivary ph on the surface and roughness of different orthodontic wires

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Gealh Navarro Escobar ◽  
John Alexis Domingues ◽  
João Carlos Gomes ◽  
Ulises Cohelo
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Acidic Ph ◽  
Orthodontic Wires ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Salivary Ph ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Group 1

AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different salivary pH on the surface of orthodontic wires. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two hundred and seventy wire segments of titanium-molybdenum alloy (TMA), and Cr-Ni stainless steel , subjected to saliva pH 2.0 , 5.0 and 7.6 , in three different times of storage, divided into 3 groups (n=30). Group 1: TMA (Morelli), Group 2: TMA (Ormco) and Group 3: Stainless steel Cr-Ni (Morelli). To read the roughness profilometer was used Mitutoyo Surftest Digital-301. Observation of the surface morphology was performed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). RESULTS: Between the results is that the lower the pH more roughness was found. No changes were observed on the wires roughness of group 3. In the evaluation of SEM, changes were found in surface TMA wires in pH 2 and 5, the steel wires no changes superficias. CONCLUSION: The acidic pH and time showed effects on TMA’s wires. The stainless steel wires showed no changes. We conclude that the stainless wires have greater resistance to salivary pH.

scholarly journals Radiology Departments as COVID-19 entry-door might improve healthcare efficacy and efficiency, and Emergency Department safety

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
José María García Santos ◽  
Juana María Plasencia Martínez ◽  
Pablo Fabuel Ortega ◽  
Marina Lozano Ros ◽  
María Carmen Sánchez Ayala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Bonferroni Correction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Radiology Service ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background Possible COVID-19 pneumonia (ppCOVID-19) patients generally overwhelmed EDs during the first COVID-19 wave. Home-confinement and primary care phone follow-ups was the first-level regional policy for preventing EDs to collapse. But when ppCOVID-19 needed x-rays assessment, the traditional outpatient workflow at the radiology department (RD) was inefficient and raised concerns about potential interpersonal infections. We aimed to assess the efficiency of a primary care high-resolution radiology service (pcHRRS) for ppCOVID-19 in terms of time consumed at hospital and decision’s reliability.Methods We assessed 849 consecutive ppCOVID-19 patients, 418 appointed by general practitioners to the pcHRRS (home-confined ppCOVID-19 cases with negative –group-1- and positive -group-2- x-ray results) and 431 arriving the ED by themselves (group-3). The pcHRRS provided x-rays and oximetry in an only-one-patient agenda for home-confined ppCOVID-19 patients. Radiologists made next-step decisions (group-1: pneumonia-, home-confinement follow-up; group-2: pneumonia+, ED assessment) according to x-rays results. ANOVA and Bonferroni correction, t-student, Kruskal-Wallis, and Chi2 tests were used to analyse changes in the ED workload, time-to-decision differences between groups, and pcHRRS performance for discriminating need for admission. Results The pcHRRS halved ED respiratory patients (49.2%), allowed faster decisions (group-1 vs. home-discharged group-2 and group-3 patients: 0:41±1:05h vs. 3:50±3:16h; group-1 vs. all group-2 and group-3 patients: 0:41±1:05h vs. 5:36±4:36h; group-2 vs. group-3 admitted patients: 5:27±3:08h vs. 7:42±5:02h; P <0.001) and prompted admission in most cases (84/93, 90.3%).Conclusions A Radiology Department pcHRRS may be a more efficient entry-door for ppCOVID-19 by decreasing ED patients and making expedited decisions while guaranteeing social distance.

Creating Tight Proximal Contacts for MOD Resin Composite Restorations

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
MH Saber ◽  
W El-Badrawy ◽  
BAC Loomans ◽  
DR Ahmed ◽  
CE Dörfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resin Composite ◽  
Surface Group ◽  
Composite Restorations ◽  
Distal Surface ◽  
Composite Resin Restoration ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Pressure Meter ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Group 1

SUMMARY Objective The purpose of this study was to compare proximal contact tightness (PCT) of MOD resin composite restorations placed with different matricing protocols. Methods Forty-five ivorine lower right first molars with standardized MOD cavities were equally divided into three groups according to the restoration protocol. Group 1: Sectional matrix (Standard matrix, Palodent, Dentsply) secured with a wedge (Premier Dental Products Co.) and separation ring (BiTine I, Palodent, Dentsply, York, PA, USA) was used to restore the mesial surface first and then removed and repeated for the distal surface. Group 2: Identical to group 1, but separation rings were placed at both the mesial and distal sides (BiTine I+II, Palodent) prior to restoration. Mesial surface was restored followed by distal. Group 3: Walser matrix (O-form, Dr. Walser Dental GmbH) was used. Following composite resin restoration, PCT was measured using the tooth pressure meter. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and a Tukey post hoc test (p&lt;0.05). Results PCT values for mesial contacts were 2.99 ± 0.47N for group 1, 4.57 ± 0.36N for group 2, and 3.03 ± 0.79N for group 3. For the distal contacts, the values were 4.46 ± 0.44N for group 1, 5.12 ± 0.13N for group 2, and 0.76 ± 0.77N for group 3. Significantly tighter contacts were obtained for mesial and distal contacts for group 2 compared to groups 1 and 3 (p&lt;0.05). For groups 1 and 3, mesial contacts were not significantly different (p=0.993), while distal contacts for group 1 were significantly tighter (p&lt;0.001). Conclusion Within the limitations of this study, tighter contacts can be obtained when sectional matrices and separation rings are applied to both proximal surfaces prior to placement of the resin composite in MOD cavities.

scholarly journals Radiology Departments as COVID-19 entry-door might improve healthcare efficacy and efficiency, and Emergency Department safety

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
José María García Santos ◽  
Juana María Plasencia Martínez ◽  
Pablo Fabuel Ortega ◽  
Marina Lozano Ros ◽  
María Carmen Sánchez Ayala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Radiology Service ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background: Possible COVID-19 pneumonia (ppCOVID-19) patients generally overwhelmed EDs during the first COVID-19 wave. Home confinement and primary care phone follow-ups were the first-level regional policies for preventing EDs from collapsing. However, when ppCOVID-19 needed X-ray assessment, the traditional outpatient workflow at the radiology department (RD) was inefficient and raised concerns about potential interpersonal infections. We aimed to assess the efficiency of a primary care high-resolution radiology service (pcHRRS) for ppCOVID-19 in terms of time consumed at the hospital and decision reliability.Methods: We assessed 849 consecutive ppCOVID-19 patients, 418 appointed by general practitioners to the pcHRRS (home-confined ppCOVID-19 cases with negative –group-1- and positive -group-2- X-ray results) and 431 arriving at the ED by themselves (group-3). The pcHRRS provided X-rays and oximetry in an only-one-patient agenda for home-confined ppCOVID-19 patients. Radiologists made next-step decisions (group-1: pneumonia-, home-confinement follow-up; group-2: pneumonia+, ED assessment) according to X-ray results. ANOVA and Bonferroni correction, Student’s t-test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Chi2 test were used to analyse changes in the ED workload, time-to-decision differences between groups, and pcHRRS performance for discriminating need for admission.Results: The pcHRRS halved ED respiratory patients (49.2%), allowed faster decisions (group-1 vs. home-discharged group-2 and group-3 patients: 0:41±1:05 h vs. 3:50±3:16 h; group-1 vs. all group-2 and group-3 patients: 0:41±1:05 h vs. 5:36±4:36 h; group-2 vs. group-3 admitted patients: 5:27±3:08 h vs. 7:42±5:02 h; P <0.001) and prompted admission in most cases (84/93, 90.3%).Conclusions: A Radiology Department pcHRRS may be a more efficient entry-door for ppCOVID-19 by decreasing ED patients and making expedited decisions while guaranteeing social distance.

scholarly journals Local lung coagulation post resection: an ex-vivo porcine model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kirschbaum ◽  
Th. M. Surowiec ◽  
A. Pehl ◽  
Th. Wiesmann ◽  
D. K. Bartsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nd:Yag Laser ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Lung Resection ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Laser Wavelength ◽  
Lesion Group ◽  
Air Leakage ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

AbstractFollowing non-anatomical resection of lung parenchyma with a Nd:YAG laser, a coagulated surface remains. As ventilation starts, air leakage may occur in this area. The aim of the present study was to investigate, whether additional coagulation either before or after ventilation has an additional sealing effect. Freshly slaughtered porcine heart-lung blocks were prepared. The trachea was connected to a ventilator. Using a Nd:YAG laser (wavelength: 1320 nm, power: 60 W), round lesions (1.5 cm in diameter) with a depth of 1.5 cm were applied to the lung using an 800-μm laser fiber (5 s per lesion). Group 1 (n = 12) was control. Additional coagulation was performed in group 2 (n = 12) without and in group 3 (n = 12) with ventilation restarted. Air leakage (ml) from the lesions was measured. The thickness of each coagulation layer was determined on histological slices. Differences between individual groups were analyzed by one-way ANOVA (significance p < 0.05). After resection, 26.2 ± 2.7 ml of air emerged from the lesions per single respiration in group 1. Air loss in group 2 was 24.6 ± 2.5 ml (p = 0.07) and in group 3 23.7 ± 1.8 ml (p = 0.0098). In comparison to groups 1 and 2 thickness of the coagulation layers in group 3 was significantly increased. After non-anatomical porcine lung resection with a Nd:YAG laser, additional coagulation of the ventilated resection area can reduce air leakage.

scholarly journals Radiology departments as COVID-19 entry-door might improve healthcare efficacy and efficiency, and emergency department safety

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
José M. García Santos ◽  
Juana M. Plasencia Martínez ◽  
Pablo Fabuel Ortega ◽  
Marina Lozano Ros ◽  
María Carmen Sánchez Ayala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Bonferroni Correction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Radiology Service ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background Possible COVID-19 pneumonia patients (ppCOVID-19) generally overwhelmed emergency departments (EDs) during the first COVID-19 wave. Home-confinement and primary-care phone follow-up was the first-level regional policy for preventing EDs to collapse. But when X-rays were needed, the traditional outpatient workflow at the radiology department was inefficient and potential interpersonal infections were of concern. We aimed to assess the efficiency of a primary-care high-resolution radiology service (pcHRRS) for ppCOVID-19 in terms of time at hospital and decision’s reliability. Methods We assessed 849 consecutive ppCOVID-19 patients, 418 through the pcHRRS (home-confined ppCOVID-19 with negative—group 1- and positive—group 2-X-rays) and 431 arriving with respiratory symptoms to the ED by themselves (group 3). The pcHRRS provided X-rays and oximetry in an only-one-patient agenda. Radiologists made next-step decisions (group 1: pneumonia negative, home-confinement follow-up; group 2: pneumonia positive, ED assessment) according to X-ray results. We used ANOVA and Bonferroni correction, Student T, Chi2 tests to analyse changes in the ED workload, time-to-decision differences between groups, potential delays in patients acceding through the ED, and pcHRRS performance for deciding admission. Results The pcHRRS halved ED respiratory patients (49.2%), allowed faster decisions (group 1 vs. home-discharged group 2 and group 3 patients: 0:41 ± 1:05 h; 3:36 ± 2:58 h; 3:50 ± 3:16 h; group 1 vs. all group 2 and group 3 patients: 0:41 ± 1:05 h; 5.25 ± 3.08; 5:36 ± 4:36 h; group 2 vs. group 3 admitted patients: 5:27 ± 3:08 h vs. 7:42 ± 5:02 h; all p < 0.001) and prompted admission (84/93, 90.3%) while maintaining time response for ED patients. Conclusions Our pcHRRS may be a more efficient entry-door for ppCOVID-19 by decreasing ED patients and making expedited decisions while guaranteeing social distance.

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