scholarly journals Topical Application of Chlorhexidine Gel with Brush-On Technique in the Tailored Treatment of Plaque Induced Gingivitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 6014
Author(s):  
Gianna Maria Nardi ◽  
Roberta Grassi ◽  
Guglielmo Campus ◽  
Maria Letizia Pareti ◽  
Dario Di Stasio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Topical Application ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Gingival Index ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Plaque Score ◽  
Tailored Treatment ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Chlorhexidine Gel

Aim: This study aimed to assess the action of a chlorhexidine-based brush-on gel application in the treatment of plaque-related gingivitis. Methods: The enrollment involved consecutive patients diagnosed with plaque-induced gingivitis. Each participant’s full mouth plaque score and gingival index were recorded at the first appointment (t0) and at follow ups after 1 week (t1), 2 weeks (t2) and 3 weeks (t4). All patients were randomly sorted into two groups: A study group, who was given instruction to brush their gums daily with a chlorhexidine gel, and a control group who received a placebo gel. The two groups’ data at baseline were compared using a chi-square test, while the t-Student and Mann–Whitney tests were employed to analyze the index’s trends, both separately and compared. Results: In total, 30 patients were enrolled, 15 referring to the study group and 15 to the control group. The study group had an 87% decrease in their plaque score and an 84% decrease in their gingival index (p < 0.05). The control group displayed a reduction in plaque score and gingival index of 74% and 84%, respectively (p < 0.05). The plaque score decreased statistically more significantly in the study group than in the control group. Conclusion: Topical employment of a chlorhexidine-containing brush-on gel appears to be a useful home tool in the treatment of plaque-induced gingivitis, associated with professional debridement.

A chlorhexidine-containing brush-on gel as adjuvant treatment for plaque induced gingivitis.

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianna Maria Nardi ◽  
Roberta Grassi ◽  
Guglielmo Campus ◽  
Maria Letizia Pareti ◽  
Dario Di Stasio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Topical Application ◽  
Adjuvant Treatment ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Gingival Index ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Plaque Score ◽  
Chi Square Test

Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of a chlorhexidine brush-on gel application on plaque-induced gingivitis. Materials & Methods: : Consecutive patients diagnosed with gingivitis were enrolled. For each patient, full mouth plaque score and gingival index were recorded during the first visit (t0) and after 1 week (t1), 2 weeks (t2) and 3 weeks (t3). Patients were randomly divided into a study group, who received instruction to brush their teeth daily with a chlorhexidine-based gel, and a control group, treated with a placebo gel. The chi-square test was used to compare the groups baseline, while the t-Student and the Mann-Whitney tests were performed to evaluate the significance of groups indexes improvement, individually and compared. Results: Thirty participants were enrolled: 15 referred to the study group and 15 to the control group. The study group showed a reduction of plaque score and gingival index of 87% and 84% respectively (p<0.05), while the control group plaque score and gingival index decreased of 75% and 80% (p<0.05). The study group plaque score reduction resulted to be statistically more significant than the control group one. Conclusions: The topical application of a chlorhexidine-based brush-on gel can be a useful adjunctive domiciliary treatment for gingivitis therapy, combined with the mechanical debridement, that still remains the gold standard.

Association of CYP2B6 c.516G>T Polymorphism with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Susceptibility

2014 ◽  
Vol 926-930 ◽  
pp. 1073-1076
Author(s):  
Zhong Hai Yuan ◽  
Yi Ju Hou ◽  
Chen Zhao ◽  
Yan Li
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract:Objective: To investigate whether any association exists between genetic polymorphism in CYP2B6 c.516G>T and individual susceptibility to acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Methods: Our study group consisted of 96 ALL patients(T-ALL 17 cases, B-ALL 79 cases) and 348 unrelated healthy newborn volunteers as a control group. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and cord blood leukocytes. We genotyped CYP2B6 c.516G>T polymorphism by use of PCR with sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP). The data were analyzed statistically using chi-square and logistic regression analyses. Results: The frequencies of GG genotype were 74.14%, 57.29%, 29.41% and 63.29%, and GT genotype were 23.85%, 37.50%, 64.71% and 31.65%, and TT genotype were 2.01%, 5.21%, 5.88% and 5.06% in control group, ALL, T-ALL, and B-ALL cases, respectively. Chi-square test showed a significant correlation between the CYP2B6 c.516G>T polymorphism GT genotype and ALL patients (OR=2.035, 95%CI=1.249-3.313, P=0.004); and T-ALL patients (OR=6.839, 95%CI=2.309-20.252, P=0.000); whereas and B-ALL patients (OR=1.554, 95%CI=0.906-2.667, P=0.108). Conclusions: This study revealed the CYP2B6 c.516GT genotype may be a risk factor to the development of ALL, especially T-ALL.

The Impact of Nipple Repair in the Treatment of  Lactating Nipple Injury

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
HAIFENG GAO ◽  
jie Wang ◽  
Songtao Ding ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Relief ◽  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Relief Rate ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cure Rates ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective To explore the effect of nipple repair in the treatment of lactating nipple injury.Methods Patients with nipple lesions admitted to the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Haidian District from December 2015 to January 2020 were retrospective control study. The patients received nipple repair was the study group, the patients did not treated with medicine or surgery was the control group. Patients in both groups continued to be exclusively breastfeed with good sucking, The method of chi-square test was adopted by using SPSS24.0 statistical software to compare the difference of healing effect of nipple injury, pain relief rate, and recurrence rate of nipple injury.Results A total of 167 patients were enrolled, including in the 81 study group and 86 in the control group. The cure rates of the nipple injury in the study group and in the control group were 54.3% (44/81) and 26.7% (23/86) (χ2 = 13.451, P = 0.001). The complete pain relief rate was 48.1% (39/81) and 23.3% (20/86) (χ2 = 14.170, P = 0.001). The recurrence rate was 36.4% (16/44) and 34.8% (8/23) (χ2 = 0.016, P = 0.898).Conclusion For patients with no improvement in nipple damage after correction of etiology, nipple repair can improve the healing environment of nipple breakage, relieve nipple pain.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Incidence of Coital Incontinence in Incontinent Women

2019 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Omer Demir ◽  
Cihan Comba
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Urine Analysis ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Coital Incontinence ◽  
Chi Square Test

<p><strong>Objective:</strong> Coital incontinence is the involuntary leakage of urine during sexual intercourse and is rarely reported in women with urinary incontinence. The aim of this study is to investigate the frequency of coital incontinence and its association with incontinence types.</p><p><strong>Study Design:</strong> All sexually active women with urinary incontinence (diagnosed as self-reported) attending the out-patient gynecology clinic of a regional state hospital were interviewed consecutively between September 2017 and September 2018 about their experience with regards to coital incontinence. The clinical evaluation consisted of medical history, physical examination, and urine analysis. The SPSS 20 program designed for Windows was used for statistical analysis. </p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Twenty-two of the 64 women who participated in the study were diagnosed with coital incontinence and the remaining 42 women were to be compared. 42 women were included in the control group, and 22 women were defined as the study group. The women with coital incontinence had significantly higher stress test positivity than the control group (p = 0.00). No significant differences in the frequency of coital incontinence between incontinence types were found. The chi-square test was applied, and the p-value was &gt;0.05 (p=0.110). So there was no statistically significant relationship between the type of incontinence and the frequency of coital incontinence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Coital incontinence is much more prevalent than expected and therefore patients with symptomatic urinary incontinence should be investigated for the presence of coital incontinence, as this may affect patient approach and treatment.</p>

scholarly journals Sella Turcica Bridging as a Predicator of Dentofacial Anomalies: A Cephalometric Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shantanu Dixit ◽  
Dashrath Kafle ◽  
Michael Bornstein ◽  
Seshananda Sanjel
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Sella Turcica ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Lateral Cephalogram ◽  
Tooth Position ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Interval Sampling ◽  
Normal Shape

Introduction: Sellar changes are associated with several dentofacial anomalies. Clinicians should be aware of different morphological varaiants of sella turcica (ST).Objective: To find the prevalence of sella turcica bridging and to analyze the absence or presence of bridging with a spectrum of dentofacial anomalies.Materials & Method: 710 case records were selected from the database; out of which 473 subjects met the inclusion criteria. 280 lateral cephalogram revealed a normal shape of ST. Among them, 71 subjects were selected by interval sampling which were taken as the control group. Among initial 473 subjects, 78 samples showed ST bridging and were taken as the study group. Dental casts and radiographs (panoramic and cephalometric) were evaluated to find any dentofacial anomalies. Subjects were divided on the basis of dentofacial anomalies such as abnormal tooth position, size, shape, number, malocclusion, sagittal skeletal relationship. Chi-square test and binomial logistic regression analysis were done to find the association and correlation among the variables.Result: In the study group, 32 subjects showed a complete bridging and 46 subjects a partial bridging of the sella turcica. There was no significant association between ST bridging and age, gender or ethnic groups. However, there was significant association (p=0.001) between the presence of bridging and dentofacial anomalies when compared with the control group.Conclusion: The occurrence of ST bridging is 16.49% with no association to age, gender and ethnic groups in a Nepalese sample. Sella turcica bridging can be used as a diagnostic tool for early prediction of dentofacial anomalies

scholarly journals Anesthetic potential of lidocaine/prilocaine cream versus placebo before venepuncture

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 2401
Author(s):  
Varsha P. Gajbhiye ◽  
Y. R. Lamture
Keyword(s):  
Adult Patient ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Blood Sampling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Lidocaine Prilocaine

Background: Pain associated with venepuncture has long been accepted as an unavoidable consequence. Many studies show reducing pain during venepuncture after application of prilocaine/lignocaine, but there are few studies that has depicted, the depth of anesthesia produced by prilocaine/lignocaine tends to be too superficial for the reducing the pain during venepuncture. These two scenarios were debatable. Therefore, authors planned a study to assess anesthetic potential of lidocaine /prilocaine cream versus placebo before venepuncture with help of VAS in an adult patient who were drawn blood sample for investigation purposes.Methods: Prospective interventional study. All adult patient for blood sampling from surgery OPD to central laboratory were included in study. Site of venepuncture selected in both control and study group was left cubital fossa. 30 patients selected in study group received lignocaine/prilocaine locally, 30min prior to venepuncture which was later covered with occlusive tape, whereas 30 control group patient received normal saline locally as placebo. The extent of pain was assessed by patient on 10cm visual analogue scale (VAS) with end points of 0 cm rated as no pain and the points of 10cm as intolerable pain.Results: A total of 60 patient were randomly selected who were referred from surgery OPD for blood sampling. Other 30 patient were applied normal saline as placebo and 30 patient with lignocaine and prilocaine cream. In the control group there were 30 patients (5 female and 25 male). In the study group there were 30 patients (8 females and 22 males). The level of pain among study group is as follows: mild 22, moderate 7, worst 1 and in control group: no pain 0, mild 5, moderate 14 and worst pain 1. Statistical analysis between outcome of two groups done by calculating chi-square test. Chi- square test was 20.0263. P value is 0.000168. Hence the result is significant at p <0.05.Conclusions: The present study shows that prilocaine-lidocaine cream reduces the pain of needle puncture in adults and facilitates the procedure of venous blood sampling.

scholarly journals COL5A1 RS12722 Is Associated with Temporomandibular Joint Anterior Disc Displacement without Reduction in Polish Caucasians

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2423
Author(s):  
Bartosz Dalewski ◽  
Katarzyna Białkowska ◽  
Łukasz Pałka ◽  
Anna Jakubowska ◽  
Paweł Kiczmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Tennis Elbow ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Disc Displacement ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Acl Injuries ◽  
Chi Square Test

Numerous reports describe the association between the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs12722 and rs13946 in the COL5A1 gene and injuries, such as Achilles tendon pathology, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, and tennis elbow. Hence, there were no studies investigating COL5A1 and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pathology. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between COL5A1 rs12722 and rs13946 SNPs and TMJ articular disc displacement without reduction (ADDwoR). In this case-control study, the study group consisted of 124 Caucasian patients of both sexes. Each patient had a history of ADDwoR no more than 3 months prior. The control group comprised 126 patients with no signs of TMD according to DC/TMD. Genotyping of the selected SNPs was performed by real-time PCR using TaqMan probes. The significance of the differences in the distribution of genotypes was analyzed using Pearson’s chi-square test. Logistic regression modeling was performed to analyze the influence of the 164 investigated SNPs on ADDwoR. The COL5A1 marker rs12722 turned out to be statistically significant (p-value = 0.0119), implying that there is a difference in the frequencies of TMJ ADDwoR. The distribution of rs12722 SNPs in the study group TT(66), CC(27), CT(31) vs. control group TT(45), CC(26), CT(51) indicates that patients with CT had an almost 2.4 times higher likelihood of ADDwoR (OR = 2.41) than those with reference TT (OR = 1), while rs13946 genotypes were shown to be insignificant, with a p-value of 0.1713. The COL5A1 rs12722 polymorphism is a risk factor for ADDwoR in the Polish Caucasian population.

Periodontal Condition and Orofacial Changes in Patients with Thalassemia Major

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hattab FN
Keyword(s):  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Saddle Nose ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Plaque Score ◽  
Dental Management ◽  
Unaffected Control ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Inferior Border

Objective: To assess the prevalence of periodontal disease, orofacial changes and craniofacial abnormalities in patients with thalassemia major (TM). Dental management is discussed. Study design: The sample consisted of 54 patients with TM, 31 males and 23 females aged 5.5 to 18.3 years, with the mean age (± SD) of 11.6 ± 3.2 years. The sample was divided into two subgroups according to age. A similar number of unaffected control group matched by age and sex served as a control. Clinical and radiographic examinations were carried out to assess the prevalence of changes caused by this disorder. Student’s t-test was used to compare the means between thalassemic group and the control group. The Chi-square test was employed to determine statistical differences in frequencies between the two groups. Results: Poor oral hygiene and gingivitis were observed in 61.1% and 43.0% of the thalassemic patients, respectively. The overall mean plaque score was 1.66 ± 0.51 and gingival score 1.43 ± 0.59. In all tested periodontal parameters, a higher frequency and severity were noted in the thalassemic patients compared with controls. More than half of the patients exhibited frontal bossing, saddle nose and to less extent maxillary protrusion; giving in severe cases (16.7%) a “chipmunk” like appearance. Dental discoloration and pallor oral mucosa were noted in 44.4% and 38.9%, respectively. Dental / jaw pain was reported by 40.0% and headache by 29.6% of the patients. Increased overjet was evident in 25.9% of the patients. The majority of the patients had thickened frontal bone (66.7%), and thinned inferior border of the mandible (64.6%). Widened dipolic spaces and spiky roots and were observed in one-third of the patients. The ramus length and width in the patients were significantly smaller than in controls (P &gt; 0.001). Conclusion: TM may particularly diagnose through orofacial abnormalities. Dentists required understanding the complications and management of the disease.

scholarly journals Assessment Of Schoolchildren’s Temporomandibular Joint Sounds Associated With Bruxism

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ahmed Fathy Arafa ◽  
Nawras Maher Mostafa ◽  
Shady Ahmed Moussa
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Dental Clinics ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Manual Palpation ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
The Relationship

Many studies have explained temporomandibular joint (TMJ) sounds in children are frequent with TMJ disorder. In addition to multiple divergent findings are designed to evaluate the relationship between bruxism and TMJ disorder in children. Aim: study was designed and conducted to assess the possible relationship between bruxism and joint sounds in schoolchildren. Subjects and Methods: The sample comprised 60 schoolchildren participants between 6 to 10 years of age, of whom 30 children with bruxism as study group G1 and another 30 without bruxism as a control group G2 who were scheduled and randomly selected for treatment at (Outpatient Dental Clinics, Zagazig University Hospital). Examiner performed assessment who was blinded allocation of the groups. Assessment involved of (manual palpation, lateral and dorsal extra-auricular auscultation of TMJ by stethoscope for detecting of joint sounds, differentiating between joint sounds as a click/pop or crepitation) Three readings were performed on each participant. Collected data were checked, entered and statistically analyzed to test different variables by chi-square test with the level of significance (p< 0.05). Results: There were statistically significant association between joint sounds with regarding to bruxism and age, which showed the higher prevalence rates of joint sounds were found in children aged eight to ten years in comparison to those aged sex and seven years. However, there were statistically insignificant association between joints sounds and type in relation to gender. Conclusion: The bruxism in children may be associated with the symptoms of joint sounds with significant association regarding to age. Keywords: Bruxism; Temporomandibular Joint; Child; bruxism; TMJ sound

Berat Badan, Panjang Badan dan Faktor Genetik sebagai Prediktor Terjadinya Stunted pada Anak Sekolah

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Hetriana Leksananingsih ◽  
Slamet Iskandar ◽  
Tri Siswati
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
School Children ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: Riskesdas in 2013 showed that Yogyakarta (DIY) had a prevalence of stunted new kid in school is less than the national average, which is 14.9% (MOH, 2013). Stunted or short, is a linear growth retardation has been widely used as an indicator to measure the nutritional status of individuals and community groups. Stunted can be influenced by several factors: birth weight, birth length match and genetic factors. Objective: To determine the weight, length of low birth weight and genetic factors as predictors of the occurrence of stunted on elementary school children. Methods: The study was a case control analytic. Research sites in SD Muhammadiyah Ngijon 1 Subdistrict Moyudan. The study was conducted in May and June 2015. The subjects were school children grade 1 to grade 5 the number of cases as many as 47 children and 94 control children. With the inclusion criteria of research subjects willing to become respondents, was present at the time of the study, they have a father and mother, and exclusion criteria have no data BB and PB birth, can not stand upright. The research variables are BBL, PBL, genetic factors and TB / U at this time. Data were analyzed by chi-square test and Odd Ratio (OR) calculation. Results: In case group as much as 91.5% of normal birth weight and length of 80.9% of normal birth weight, most of the height of a normal mother and father as many as 85.1%. In the control group as much as 78.7% of normal birth weight and 61.7% were born normal body length, height mostly normal mom and dad that 96.7% of women and 90.4% normal normal father. Statistical test result is no significant correlation between height mothers with stunted incidence in school children, and the results of chi-square test P = 0.026 with value Odd Ratio (OR) of 3.9 and a range of values from 1.091 to 14.214 Cl95%. Conclusion: High maternal body of mothers can be used as predictors of the occurrence of stunted school children and mothers with stunted nutritional status have 3.9 times the risk of having children with stunted nutritional status.

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