scholarly journals Hybrid Positioning for Smart Spaces: Proposal and Evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4083
Author(s):  
Pedro J. Fernández ◽  
José Santa ◽  
Antonio F. Skarmeta
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Indoor Positioning ◽  
Smart Spaces ◽  
Hybrid Schemes ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Hybrid Positioning ◽  
New Business ◽  
Smart Mobile ◽  
Selection Of

Positioning capabilities have become essential in context-aware user services, which make easier daily activities and let the emergence of new business models in the trendy area of smart cities. Thanks to wireless connection capabilities of smart mobile devices and the proliferation of wireless attachment points in buildings, several positioning systems have appeared in the last years to provide indoor positioning and complement GPS for outdoors. Wi-Fi fingerprinting is one of the most remarkable approaches, although ongoing smart deployments in the area of smart cities can offer extra possibilities to exploit hybrid schemes, in which the final location takes into account different positioning sources. In this paper we propose a positioning system that leverages common infrastructure and services already present in smart spaces to enhance indoor positioning. Thus, GPS and WiFi are complemented with access control services (i.e., ID card) or Bluetooth Low Energy beaconing, to determine the user location within a smart space. Better position estimations can be calculated by hybridizing the positioning information coming from different technologies, and a handover mechanism between technologies or algorithms is used exploiting semantic information saved in fingerprints. The solution implemented is highly optimized by reducing tedious computation, by means of opportunistic selection of fingerprints and floor change detection, and a battery saving subsystem reduces power consumption by disabling non-needed technologies. The proposal has been showcased over a smart campus deployment to check its real operation and assess the positioning accuracy, experiencing the noticeable advantage of integrating technologies usually available in smart spaces and reaching an average real error of 4.62 m.

scholarly journals Smart Facility Management: Future Healthcare Organization through Indoor Positioning Systems in the Light of Enterprise BIM

Smart Cities ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 793-805
Author(s):  
Tor Åsmund Evjen ◽  
Seyed Reza Hosseini Raviz ◽  
Sobah Abbas Petersen ◽  
John Krogstie
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Indoor Positioning ◽  
Facility Management ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Building Information ◽  
The Status ◽  
Real Estate Management ◽  
Smart Mobile

Synthesizing the Internet of Things (IoT) with building information modeling (BIM) can improve the performance of the data collection. In this regard, BIM endeavors to enable real-time monitoring conditions of buildings. This paper is focused on the indoor positioning system (IPS) as a key enabling technology for IoT applications, which uses smart and non-smart mobile devices (object tags and beacons) with the aim of positioning and objects tracking that lead to a smart approach in the field of facility management (FM). Hence, we have surveyed the joint use of IPS and BIM in FM based on the concept of enterprise BIM (EBIM). EBIM forms the basis for the future strategic real estate management using virtual models and open standards. As a result, we gained the ability to collect positioning data continuously, save them in a BIM database, and present them on two-dimensional (2D) maps. This is a part of an ongoing study that aims to use data collection effectively for FM as an organizational function in large and complex buildings. Hence, for this purpose, we have considered St. Olavs Hospital, one of the biggest healthcare centers in Norway, as a case study. The effectiveness of data collection by IoT devices installed in buildings and how the combination of BIM and IoT technology can support a holistic view of the status of the buildings, which subsequently can enhance data usage efficiency and FM development, will be demonstrated.

scholarly journals Study of environmental data from vehicle’s sensors and its aplicability to complement climate mapping from automatic meteorological stations and assess covid-19 impact

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Cedraz Lopes ◽  
Juliana Carla Santos da Silva ◽  
Lílian Lefol Nani Guarieiro ◽  
Davidson Martins Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Applied Study ◽  
New Business ◽  
Vehicle Technologies ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Climate Mapping

AbstractAn evolution of smart and connected cars allows the advancement of smart cities and new business models for automakers. The main objective of this article was to understand the capability of Brazilian vehicles to collect meteorological data, through an observational approach of vehicle technologies and an applied study of automatic weather stations. In 2020, when the world was affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, many studies were conducted in order to find a possible relationship between these meteorological data and the incidence of the novel coronavirus. Through this study, meteorological variables that are collected by the stations, as well as vehicles, were compared in order to evaluate the potential of data combination, in addition to the analysis of the influence of these variables in pandemic cases like COVID-19. In this context, it was understood the vehicle’s advancement as a mobile sensor and the usage of vehicle’s data as a tool for a better understanding of the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals What the Smart City in the Danube Region Can Learn From Industry 4.0

2018 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 191-201
Author(s):  
Alexander Prosser
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Living System ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Business Analytics ◽  
New Business ◽  
Dynamic Route

The Smart City Concept throughout all its current definitions is essentially a system that uses state-of-the-art ICT to provide and process information, to adapt and learn. The Internet of Things and advances in affordable sensor technology play an additional important role. The net result of the “smartification” of a city is the creation of a living, networked system of assets, devices and infrastructure. This living system continuously collects data that enables the system to learn and evolve. This is nothing new or path-breaking. In logistics and the manufacturing industry, this concept has been widely implemented to optimise supply chains, from predictive maintenance, to dynamic route optimisation and online business intelligence (BI). “Industry 4.0” has evolved from a buzzword to everyday reality. Moreover, these technologies do not just “electrify” existing processes – they enable new processes and beyond that even completely new business models that would not have been feasible with the pre-Industry-4.0 technology. Particularly the advent of in-memory business analytics that enables BI from the original transaction data in an on-demand/online fashion has facilitated this development. Now, the public sector is discovering these technologies for its own purposes. This contribution attempts to show the parallelism, but also differences between smart cities and Industry 4.0, where learning effects may occur and known pitfalls may be avoided.

scholarly journals Orchestrating Smart Cities, New Disruptive Business Models and Informal Enterprises

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Mkalama ◽  
Bitange Ndemo
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
New Business ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
New Business Models

As the fourth industrial revolutions technologies intensify, cities are becoming smarter, new business models are emerging and informal enterprises are formalizing by default. Research demonstrates that the future of our world is decided by the quality of its future cities. As cities invest in information and communication technologies (ICTs) and embrace the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) technologies to make life easier and solve many of the problems we face today, employment opportunities expand and citizens enjoy better lifestyle. This chapter will examine how the concept of smart cities is disrupting existing business models and creating new ones that have positively impacting Africa’s informal enterprise sector. The chapter leverages abundance theory to explain the emerging phenomenon in the nexus between smart cities, new business models and informal enterprises in Sub-Saharan Africa. The study finds that indeed the concept of smart cities is indeed facilitating new business models that are formalizing the informal sector.

scholarly journals INDOOR POSITIONING FOR SMART DEVICES BASED ON SENSOR FUSION WITH PARTICLE FILTER: LOCALIZATION AND MAP UPDATING

2021 ◽  
Vol XLIII-B4-2021 ◽  
pp. 259-266
Author(s):  
Y. Yang ◽  
C. Toth
Keyword(s):  
Particle Filter ◽  
Indoor Positioning ◽  
Location Based Services ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Visual Localization ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Indoor Location ◽  
Map Updating ◽  
Smart Mobile ◽  
New Sensors

Abstract. With every new generation of smart devices, new sensors are introduced, such as depth camera or UWB sensors. Combined with the rapidly growing number of smart mobile devices, indoor positioning systems (IPS) have seen increasing interest due to numerous indoor location-based services (ILBS) and mobile applications at large. Wi-Fi Received Signal Strength (RSS) based fingerprinting positioning (WF) techniques are popularly used in many IPS as the widespread deployment of IEEE 802.11 WLAN (Wi-Fi) networks, as this technique requires no line-of-sight to the access points (APs), and it is easy to extract Wi-Fi signal from 802.11 networks with smart devices. However, WF techniques have problems with fingerprint variance, i.e., fluctuation of the sensed signal, and efficient map updating due to the frequently changing environment. To address these problems, we propose a novel framework of IPS which uses particle filter to fuse WF and state-of-the-art CNN-based visual localization method to better adapt to changing indoor environment. The suggested system was tested with real-world crowdsourced data collected by multiple devices in an office hallway. The experimental results demonstrate that the system can achieve robust localization at a 0.3~1.5 m mean error (ME) accuracy, and map updating with a 79% correction rate.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF SPECIFICITY OF BUSINESS AND ACTIVITY OF ORGANIZATION ON EMPLOYMENT OF FREELANCERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-55
Author(s):  
Ana Globočnik Žunac ◽  
Sanja Zlatić ◽  
Krešimir Buntak
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Business Operations ◽  
New Business ◽  
Business Conditions ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Legal Forms ◽  
Selection Of

Business operations in today's highly dynamic and changing environment require quick response and adaptation to new business conditions. In this context, the terms "outsourcing" and "freelancing" are emerging. Due to their characteristics and new approach in the business environment, they enable different concepts of organizing and creating new business models. This paper puts in focus the problem of freelance status in the labor market competition for a business engagement. It has the task of providing a scientific view of the opportunities offered to freelancers according to the attitudes of potential employers. From the standpoint of the employers in the Republic of Croatia, business practice has changed considerably from the previous emphasis on 'permanent employment' in the past decade to a more significant selection of outsourcing for specific jobs. Employees’ views are also noticeably changing, so a more significant selection of independence in some legal forms of employment can be observed. An exploration of the attitudes and experiences of the employers on the recruitment of freelancers for occasional or permanent jobs in various areas of activity was conducted. The fundamental question to which research has to answer is whether an employer will decide to hire a freelancer in specific jobs for which key knowledge or company information is needed. There are four variables are in focus: how employment of a freelancer depends on the activity the company is engaged, the market in which it operates, the size of the company and previous experience with hiring freelancers.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence Application in Cybersecurity and Cyberdefense

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Yao Jun ◽  
Alisa Craig ◽  
Wasswa Shafik ◽  
Lule Sharif
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Enabling Technologies ◽  
The People ◽  
Object Domain ◽  
New Business ◽  
Smart Agriculture

Devices are increasingly getting connected to the internet with the advances in technologies called the Internet of Things (IoT). The IoTs are the physical device in which are embedded with software, sensors, among other technologies. Linking and switching data resources with other devices, IoT has been recognized to be a trending research arena due to the world’s technological advancement. Every stage of technology avails several capacities, for instance, the IoT avails any device, anyone, any service, any technological path or any network, any place, and any context to be connected. The effective IoT applications permit public and private business organizations to regulate their assets, optimize the performance of the business, and develop new business models. In this study, we scrutinize the IoT progress as an approach to the technological upgrade through analyzing traits, architectures, applications, enabling technologies, and future challenges. To enable an aging society, and optimize different kinds of mobility and transportation, and helps to enhance the effectiveness of energy, along with the definition and characteristics of the IoT devices, the study examined the architecture of the IoT that includes the perception layer, transmission layer, application layer, and network management. It discusses the enabling technologies of the IoT that include application domain, middleware domain, network domain, and object domain. The study further evaluated the role of the IoT and its application in the everyday lives of the people by making smart cities, smart agriculture and waste management, retail and logistics, and smart environment. Besides the benefits, the IoT has demonstrated future technological challenges and is equally explained within the study.

scholarly journals Co-owned resources: IP and data in smart cities

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angeliki Maria Toli ◽  
Niamh Murtagh ◽  
Hedley Smyth
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Business ◽  
Value Propositions ◽  
Operant Resources

PurposeSmart city projects typically operate in consortia of actors that lead to the co-creation of jointly owned intellectual property (IP) and data. While IP and data are significant for economic development, there are very limited studies on their co-ownership regimes especially on co-ownership of open data and open intellectual property. This study address this gap.Design/methodology/approachThis study is qualitative. In total, 62 in-depth semi-structured interviews were carried out, with predominantly senior members of organisations actively involved in smart city projects. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.FindingsThere are three models of co-ownership of IP and data: contractual joint ownership, undetermined or not-yet-determined ownership and open ownership. Each ownership model impacts differently the value-in-use. The relationships between actors in the consortia affect the way in which they co-create IP and data.Originality/valueThis study demonstrates how projects that operate in new models of innovation-led consortia produce new types of resources that are not simply co-created but co-owned. Co-owned resources have different value-in-use for each one of the different actors, independently of the fact that they jointly own them. This is influenced by the type of ownership model and predisposition of the actors to initially share resources and be flexible. Co-owned resources may generate future value propositions, act as interconnected operant resources and lead to the creation of new business models.

scholarly journals Pre- and Post-Processing Algorithms with Deep Learning Classifier for Wi-Fi Fingerprint-Based Indoor Positioning

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Haider ◽  
Yiqiao Wei ◽  
Shuzhi Liu ◽  
Seung-Hoon Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Multipath Propagation ◽  
Indoor Positioning ◽  
Processing Algorithm ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Processing Algorithms

To accommodate the rapidly increasing demand for connected infrastructure, automation for industrial sites and building smart cities, the development of Internet of Things (IoT)-based solutions is considered one of the major trends in modern day industrial revolution. In particular, providing high precision indoor positioning services for such applications is a key challenge. Wi-Fi fingerprint-based indoor positioning systems have been adapted as promising candidates for such applications. The performance of such indoor positioning systems degrade drastically due to several impairments like noisy datasets, high variation in Wi-Fi signals over time, fading of Wi-Fi signals due to multipath propagation caused by hurdles, people walking in the area under consideration and the addition/removal of Wi-Fi access points (APs). In this paper, we propose data pre- and post-processing algorithms with deep learning classifiers for Wi-Fi fingerprint-based indoor positioning, in order to provide immunity against limitations in the database and the indoor environment. In addition, we investigate the performance of the proposed system through simulation as well as extensive experiments. The results demonstrate that the pre-processing algorithm can efficiently fill in the missing Wi-Fi received signal strength fingerprints in the database, resulting in a success rate of 88.96% in simulation and 86.61% in a real-time experiment. The post-processing algorithm can improve the results from 9.05–10.94% for the conducted experiments, providing the highest success rate of 95.94% with a precision of 4 m for Wi-Fi fingerprint-based indoor positioning.

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