scholarly journals Non-Invasive Method for In-Service Induction Motor Efficiency Estimation Based on Sound Acquisition

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3757
Author(s):  
Júlio César da Silva ◽  
Thyago Leite de Vasconcelos Lima ◽  
José Anselmo de Lucena Júnior ◽  
Gabriela Jordão Lyra ◽  
Filipe Vidal Souto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Motor Speed ◽  
Monitoring Methods ◽  
Increase Energy Efficiency ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
System A ◽  
Motor Efficiency ◽  
Efficiency Estimation ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
The Fourier Transform

Induction motors (IMs) are present in practically all production processes and account for two-thirds of the energy consumption in industrial settings. Therefore, monitoring them is essential to prevent accidents, optimize production, and increase energy efficiency. Monitoring methods found in the literature require a certain level of invasiveness, causing some applications to be unfeasible. In the present study, a new completely non-invasive method implemented in an embedded system performs the embedded processing of the sound signal emitted by an in-service IM to estimate speed, torque, and efficiency. Motor speed is estimated from the analysis in the frequency domain using the Fourier Transform. Torque and efficiency are estimated from the speed and motor nameplate information. To perform the tests and validate the proposed method/system, a workbench with a controllable torque was used. The workbench was also equipped to allow the results to be compared with the airgap torque method. The results indicate a high accuracy for the nominal load (error of approximately 1%) in the measurement of the efficiency and torque, and a mean relative error of 0.2% for the speed.

NON-INVASIVE BLOOD OXYGEN SATURATION MONITORING (SpO2) USING TRANSMITTANCE FOR PULSE OXIMETER

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (06) ◽  
pp. 1950043
Author(s):  
Anupama Sarkar ◽  
Vineet Sinha ◽  
Sadhana A. Mandlik ◽  
J. Kathirvelan
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Blood Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Photo Detectors ◽  
Invasive Method

Measuring oxygen saturation of blood (SpO2) clinically plays a vital role in patient’s health monitoring. In fact, monitoring oxygen level is necessary for people having respiratory problems (pulmonary hypertension) and in other critical conditions. The primary motivation of this work is to develop a low cost computer-based oxygen saturation monitoring system using an embedded system along with lab windows CVI platform. The process of calculating the level of oxygen saturation in the blood using non-invasive method is also called as pulse oximetry, which consists of LED and photo detectors, using MSP430FG4618 microcontroller. The MSP430 employed in designing the microcontroller firmware program for digitization and transmission of the data from sensor to the computer. NI-based Lab windows/CVI Platform was developed as a part of this project to receive, plot, save data and determine the accuracy of SpO2 value. In this proposed system, we have achieved the maximum accuracy of 99.49% which is better than the previously developed methods. The proposed system is also designed with the low cost and low power consuming modules.

scholarly journals Using light-level geolocations to monitor incubation behaviour of a cavity-nesting bird Apus apus pekinensis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Huang ◽  
Yanyan Zhao ◽  
Yang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Bird Species ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
Light Level ◽  
Breeding Ecology ◽  
Monitoring Methods ◽  
Migration Routes ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Cavity Nesting ◽  
Invasive Method

AbstractThe Beijing Swift (Apus apus pekinensis) is a typical cavity-nesting bird that often nests inside holes and crevices in old architectures. Direct observation of their breeding behaviour is challenging and their breeding ecology is thus poorly studied. In this study, we analysed light-level geolocation data collected from six Beijing Swifts for the first time. Our results showed that geolocators can make comprehensive inference of their incubation period and behaviour. As a cost-effective and non-invasive method, geolocators can not only facilitate discovering migration routes, but also can be widely applied in the study of avian reproductive behaviour, especially in cavity-nesting bird species. We further discussed the characteristics and merits of this method and compared with other conventional nest-monitoring methods in recording birds.

Malfunctional Reorganization in the Developing Limbo-Prefrontal System in Animals: Implications for Human Psychoses?

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Gertraud Teuchert-Noodt ◽  
Ralf R. Dawirs
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Activity Dependent

Abstract: Neuroplasticity research in connection with mental disorders has recently bridged the gap between basic neurobiology and applied neuropsychology. A non-invasive method in the gerbil (Meriones unguiculus) - the restricted versus enriched breading and the systemically applied single methamphetamine dose - offers an experimental approach to investigate psychoses. Acts of intervening affirm an activity dependent malfunctional reorganization in the prefrontal cortex and in the hippocampal dentate gyrus and reveal the dopamine position as being critical for the disruption of interactions between the areas concerned. From the extent of plasticity effects the probability and risk of psycho-cognitive development may be derived. Advance may be expected from insights into regulatory mechanisms of neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus which is obviously to meet the necessary requirements to promote psycho-cognitive functions/malfunctions via the limbo-prefrontal circuit.

scholarly journals CT perfusion in peripheral arterial disease—hemodynamic differences before and after revascularisation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Veit-Haibach ◽  
Martin W. Huellner ◽  
Martin Banyai ◽  
Sebastian Mafeld ◽  
Johannes Heverhagen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Arterial Disease ◽  
Ct Perfusion ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
Therapy Control ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Peripheral Arterial

Abstract Objectives The purpose of this study was the assessment of volumetric CT perfusion (CTP) of the lower leg musculature in patients with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease (PAD) before and after interventional revascularisation. Methods Twenty-nine consecutive patients with symptomatic PAD of the lower extremities requiring interventional revascularisation were assessed prospectively. All patients underwent a CTP scan of the lower leg, and hemodynamic and angiographic assessment, before and after intervention. Ankle-brachial pressure index (ABI) was determined. CTP parameters were calculated with a perfusion software, acting on a no outflow assumption. A sequential two-compartment model was used. Differences in CTP parameters were assessed with non-parametric tests. Results The cohort consisted of 24 subjects with an occlusion, and five with a high-grade stenosis. The mean blood flow before/after (BFpre and BFpost, respectively) was 7.42 ± 2.66 and 10.95 ± 6.64 ml/100 ml*min−1. The mean blood volume before/after (BVpre and BVpost, respectively) was 0.71 ± 0.35 and 1.25 ± 1.07 ml/100 ml. BFpost and BVpost were significantly higher than BFpre and BVpre in the treated limb (p = 0.003 and 0.02, respectively), but not in the untreated limb (p = 0.641 and 0.719, respectively). Conclusions CTP seems feasible for assessing hemodynamic differences in calf muscles before and after revascularisation in patients with symptomatic PAD. We could show that CTP parameters BF and BV are significantly increased after revascularisation of the symptomatic limb. In the future, this quantitative method might serve as a non-invasive method for surveillance and therapy control of patients with peripheral arterial disease. Key Points • CTP imaging of the lower limb in patients with symptomatic PAD seems feasible for assessing hemodynamic differences before and after revascularisation in PAD patients. • This quantitative method might serve as a non-invasive method, for surveillance and therapy control of patients with PAD.

scholarly journals Continuous Non-Invasive Glucose Monitoring via Contact Lenses: Current Approaches and Future Perspectives

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
David Bamgboje ◽  
Iasonas Christoulakis ◽  
Ioannis Smanis ◽  
Gaurav Chavan ◽  
Rinkal Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Biofuel Cell ◽  
Glucose Measurement ◽  
Rf Power ◽  
Lacrimal Fluid ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Techniques

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that must be carefully managed to prevent serious complications such as cardiovascular disease, retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy. Self-monitoring of blood glucose is a crucial tool for managing diabetes and, at present, all relevant procedures are invasive while they only provide periodic measurements. The pain and measurement intermittency associated with invasive techniques resulted in the exploration of painless, continuous, and non-invasive techniques of glucose measurement that would facilitate intensive management. The focus of this review paper is the existing solutions for continuous non-invasive glucose monitoring via contact lenses (CLs) and to carry out a detailed, qualitative, and comparative analysis to inform prospective researchers on viable pathways. Direct glucose monitoring via CLs is contingent on the detection of biomarkers present in the lacrimal fluid. In this review, emphasis is given on two types of sensors: a graphene-AgNW hybrid sensor and an amperometric sensor. Both sensors can detect the presence of glucose in the lacrimal fluid by using the enzyme, glucose oxidase. Additionally, this review covers fabrication procedures for CL biosensors. Ever since Google published the first glucose monitoring embedded system on a CL, CL biosensors have been considered state-of-the-art in the medical device research and development industry. The CL not only has to have a sensory system, it must also have an embedded integrated circuit (IC) for readout and wireless communication. Moreover, to retain mobility and ease of use of the CLs used for continuous glucose monitoring, the power supply to the solid-state IC on such CLs must be wireless. Currently, there are four methods of powering CLs: utilizing solar energy, via a biofuel cell, or by inductive or radiofrequency (RF) power. Although, there are many limitations associated with each method, the limitations common to all, are safety restrictions and CL size limitations. Bearing this in mind, RF power has received most of the attention in reported literature, whereas solar power has received the least attention in the literature. CLs seem a very promising target for cutting edge biotechnological applications of diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic relevance.

scholarly journals Asymmetric TCD Findings in Malignant MCA Infarction, Resolution after Decompressive Hemicraniectomy: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (Suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 127-136
Author(s):  
Hazel Gaile  Barrozo ◽  
Maria Anna De Guzman ◽  
Jose  Navarro ◽  
Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Effects ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Brain Swelling ◽  
Decompressive Hemicraniectomy ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Malignant Mca Infarction ◽  
Subsequent Rise ◽  
Very High ◽  
Hemispheric Infarct

Transcranial Doppler (TCD) is a non-invasive method for assessing cerebral hemodynamics in the acute phase of stroke. We report a case of a 33-year-old man who presented with a massive left hemispheric infarct developing into “malignant” MCA infarction. TCD was utilized to monitor intracranial hemodynamics while the clinical and neuroimaging findings were used to help us in the decision to proceed with decompressive craniectomy (DC). Pre-operatively, there was reduced mean flow velocities (MFV) of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) with increasing pulsatility index (PI) ipsilateral to the infarct. The subsequent but smaller rise in the PI in the contralateral MCA was suggestive of very high intracranial pressure (ICP) from massive brain swelling. Serial TCD examinations post-operatively showed normalization of the PI, and subsequent rise in the left MCA MFV. Clinical improvement was also noted as the TCD findings improved. The asymmetry in TCD findings can be attributed to occlusion of the MCA with subsequent spontaneous recanalisation, occlusion of the MCA with subsequent recanalisation due to the DC, or initial occlusion and subsequent pressure effects on the arterioles of the MCA due to the “malignant” edema of that hemisphere that was relieved by DC. This case illustrates the value of TCD as a useful modality in monitoring intracranial hemodynamics in acute stroke.

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