scholarly journals The Influence of Dissolved Organic Carbon on the Microbial Community Associated with Tetraselmis striata for Bio-Diesel Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3601
Author(s):  
Sae-Hee Kim ◽  
Jin Ho Kim ◽  
Seung Ho Baek ◽  
Joo-Hwan Kim ◽  
Penelope A. Ajani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Bacterial Composition ◽  
Suitable Candidate ◽  
Web Structure ◽  
Tetraselmis Striata ◽  
And Function ◽  
Diesel Production

The green alga Tetraselmis striata is regarded as a suitable candidate microalga for bio-diesel production. Recently, T. striata was cultured near Yeonghueung Island, Korea, in a “marine culturing field”; however, its environmental impacts are not yet studied. We estimated the amount of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) released from T. striata cultivation in the marine culturing field, and we investigated the changes in bacterial composition. Then, we designed and installed a mesocosm for further understanding. From the mesocosm results, the DOC released from the cultivation of T. striata led to changes in bacterial communities, disturbance of the microbial food web structure, rapid depletion of nutrients, and a decrease in dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH. Our novel work demonstrates that large amounts of DOC secreted by large-scale microalgal cultures such as that of T. striata can potentially have a significant impact on the structure and function of the surrounding microbial ecosystem.

scholarly journals Effects of Non‐native Fish on Lacustrine Food Web Structure and Mercury Biomagnification along a Dissolved Organic Carbon Gradient

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 2196-2207
Author(s):  
Benjamin D. Barst ◽  
Karista Hudelson ◽  
Gretchen L. Lescord ◽  
Andrea Santa‐Rios ◽  
Niladri Basu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Native Fish ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Web Structure

Effects of whole-lake manipulations of nutrient loading and food web structure on planktonic respiration

2000 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 487-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L Pace ◽  
Jonathan J Cole
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Bacterial Production ◽  
Nutrient Loading ◽  
Nutrient Loads ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Eutrophic Lakes ◽  
Dark Bottle ◽  
Web Structure

We assessed planktonic respiration in whole-lake manipulations of nutrient loading and food web structure in three manipulated and one unmanipulated lake over 7 years. The manipulations created strong contrasts in zooplankton body size across a series of nutrient loads. Large-bodied zooplankton were suppressed by planktivorous fish in one lake, while in the other two manipulated lakes, large-bodied zooplankton dominated community biomass. Nutrients were added as inorganic N and P. Nutrient loads ranged from background to conditions resembling eutrophic lakes. Planktonic respiration was measured weekly in each lake by dark bottle oxygen consumption. Respiration was low when lakes were not fertilized (average 8.5 µmol O2·L-1·day-1) and was correlated with differences in dissolved organic carbon among the lakes. Respiration increased with nutrient addition to a mean range of 12-25 µmol O2·L-1·day-1; however, respiration differed among lakes at the same nutrient loading. Further, respiration was independent of dissolved organic carbon in the fertilized lakes. Differences in the intensity of zooplankton grazing as determined by food web structure strongly regulated primary and bacterial production across the range of nutrient loads. Consequently, respiration was positively related to primary production, phytoplankton biomass, and bacterial production and inversely related to the average size of crustacean zooplankton.

scholarly journals Fungi and viruses as important players in microbial mats

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cátia Carreira ◽  
Christian Lønborg ◽  
Michael Kühl ◽  
Ana I Lillebø ◽  
Ruth-Anne Sandaa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Microbial Mats ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Element Cycling ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Web Structure ◽  
Experimental Approaches ◽  
And Function

ABSTRACT Microbial mats are compacted, surface-associated microbial ecosystems reminiscent of the first living communities on early Earth. While often considered predominantly prokaryotic, recent findings show that both fungi and viruses are ubiquitous in microbial mats, albeit their functional roles remain unknown. Fungal research has mostly focused on terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems where fungi are known as important recyclers of organic matter, whereas viruses are exceptionally abundant and important in aquatic ecosystems. Here, viruses have shown to affect organic matter cycling and the diversity of microbial communities by facilitating horizontal gene transfer and cell lysis. We hypothesise fungi and viruses to have similar roles in microbial mats. Based on the analysis of previous research in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, we outline novel hypotheses proposing strong impacts of fungi and viruses on element cycling, food web structure and function in microbial mats, and outline experimental approaches for studies needed to understand these interactions.

Predator kairomones change food web structure and function, regardless of cues from consumed prey

Oikos ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 125 (7) ◽  
pp. 1017-1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas A. C. Marino ◽  
Diane S. Srivastava ◽  
Vinicius F. Farjalla
Keyword(s):  
Food Web ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Web Structure ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Southern Ocean Food Web Modelling: Progress, Prognoses, and Future Priorities for Research and Policy Makers

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacey A. McCormack ◽  
Jessica Melbourne-Thomas ◽  
Rowan Trebilco ◽  
Gary Griffith ◽  
Simeon L. Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Web Structure ◽  
Pelagic Food Webs ◽  
Graphical Summary ◽  
And Function ◽  
Research And Policy

Graphical AbstractGraphical summary of multiple aspects of Southern Ocean food web structure and function including alternative energy pathways through pelagic food webs, climate change and fisheries impacts and the importance of microbial networks and benthic systems.

Coupling Modules in Space: A Landscape Theory

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin S. McCann
Keyword(s):  
Food Web ◽  
Food Webs ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Web Structure ◽  
Web Architecture ◽  
Individual Traits ◽  
Bird Feeder

This chapter examines food webs at the landscape scale by focusing on the large-scale food web architecture that is deeply constrained by space. It begins with a discussion of how variability in space, time, and food web structure, coupled with the ability of organisms to rapidly respond to variation, affect the maintenance of the food web and its functions. It then explains how individual traits such as body size and foraging behavior relate to food web structure in space and time. It also considers the role of spatial constraints on food webs and how the existence of fast–slow pathways coupled by mobile adaptive predators gives rise to spatial asynchrony in the resources. The chapter concludes with a review of some empirical examples to show that some food webs display the bird feeder effect and that resource coupling of distinct habitats appears to stabilize food webs.

Exploratory data analysis of the interactions among physics, food web structure, and function in two Arctic polynyas

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1036-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier F. Berreville ◽  
Alain F. Vézina ◽  
Keith R. Thompson ◽  
Bert Klein
Keyword(s):  
Food Web ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
New Production ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Web Structure ◽  
North Water ◽  
And Function

Polynyas are areas of open water in ice-covered seas, characterized by high biological productivity. The NEW (Northeast Water) and NOW (North Water) polynyas, located off the east and west coasts of Greenland, were extensively sampled in 1993 and 1998, respectively. We used principal component analysis to explore the seasonal covariations among physical, chemical, and ecological characteristics in these polynyas. In both polynyas, the most explanatory eigenvector revealed the expected seasonal development of the bloom (nutrient consumption and biomass increases) associated with declining ice cover, warming, and mixed-layer shallowing. This seasonal pattern, however, was much weaker in NEW than in NOW. No connections between the structure of the food web and recycling processes were apparent in either polynya. The analysis points to much stronger and richer interactions between the mesoplankton (i.e., diatoms–zooplankton) and microbial food webs in NOW than in NEW. The differences between the polynyas may be explained in part by differences in their longevity, with the longer-lived NOW polynya having more time to develop complex trophic interactions. The results also indicate that the connections between food web structure and ecosystem function (i.e., new production versus recycling), at least at the seasonal scale, are weaker than expected.

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