scholarly journals Enhanced out of Plane Electrical Conductivity in Polymer Composites Induced by CO2 Laser Irradiation of Carbon Fibers

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3561
Author(s):  
Anastasios Karakassides ◽  
Angeliki Karakassides ◽  
Michaella Konstantinidou ◽  
Alkiviadis S. Paipetis ◽  
Pagona Papakonstantinou
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Co2 Laser ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Cfrp Composite

The creation of a hierarchical interface between the carbon fiber (CF) and the epoxy resin matrix of fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites has become an effective strategy for introducing multifunctional properties. Although the efficacy of many hierarchical interfaces has been established in lab-scale, their production is not amenable to high-volume, continuous, cost effective fiber production, which is required for the large-scale commercialization of composites. This work investigates the use of commercially available CO2 laser as a means of nano-structuring the surface of carbon fiber (CF) tows in an incessant throughput procedure. Even though the single carbon fiber tensile strength measurements showed a decrease up to 68% for the exposed CFs, the electrical conductivity exhibited an increment up to 18.4%. Furthermore, results on laminates comprised of irradiated unidirectional CF cloth, demonstrated an enhancement in out of plane electrical conductivity up to 43%, while preserved the Mode-I interlaminar fracture toughness of the composite, showing the potential for multifunctionality. This work indicates that the laser-induced graphitization of the CF surface can act as an interface for fast and cost-effective manufacturing of multifunctional CFRP composite materials.

Improvement of the electrical conductivity of carbon fiber reinforced polymer by incorporation of nanofillers and the resulting thermal and mechanical behavior

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 1495-1503 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Hamdi ◽  
Z Aboura ◽  
W Harizi ◽  
K Khellil
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced

This work tends to characterize the effect of carbon black nanofillers on the properties of the woven carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic polymers. First of all, composites from nanofilled Polyamide 6 resin reinforced by carbon fibers were fabricated. Scanning electron microscopy observations were performed to localize the nanoparticles and showed that particles penetrated the fiber zone. In fact, by reaching this zone, the carbon black nanofillers create a connectivity's network between fibers, which produces an easy pathway for the electrical current. It explains the noticed improvement of the electrical conductivity of the carbon black nanofilled composites. Electrical conductivity of neat matrix composite passed from 20 to 80 S/cm by adding 8 wt% of carbon black and to 140 S/cm by adding 16 wt% of the same nanofiller. The addition of nanofillers modifies the heating and cooling laws of carbon fiber reinforced polymer: the nanofilled carbon fiber reinforced polymer with 16 wt% is the most conductive so it heats less. Based on these results, the use of the composite itself as an indicator of this mechanical state might be possible. In fact, the study of the influence of a mechanical loading on the electrical properties of the composite by recording the variance of an electrical set is possible.

scholarly journals Surface Figuring of Large Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Antenna Reflector with A Dual-robots Fabrication System

2019 ◽  
Vol 215 ◽  
pp. 05005
Author(s):  
Qiang Xin ◽  
Haitao Liu ◽  
Jieli Wu ◽  
Lin Tang ◽  
Dailu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Large Space ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Antenna Reflector

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) has excellent physical and chemical properties which make it a promising material in making large space borne components, especially in making antenna reflectors and ultra-lightweight space mirrors. These components are usually in large scale to achieve the application requirements. In this research, a dual-robots fabrication system was in-house developed to meet the requirement for figuring a large off-axis parabolic CFRP antenna reflector with the size of 2.4m×4.58m. To make sure that whole surface of the antenna reflector could be covered by the fabrication system, the surface was divided into six regions to accomplish the fabrication. In addition, a special designed tool was utilized to adapt to the curvature variation of the surface. The final surface form accuracies obtained for areas ≤φ1750mm, ≤φ2400mm and the whole surface of the antenna reflector were 13.5μm RMS, 23.4μm RMS and 45.8μm RMS, respectively. Feasibility and surface figuring accuracy of the dual-robots system in fabricating large scale components were verified.

Damage detection in carbon fiber–reinforced polymer composite via electrical resistance tomography with Gaussian anisotropic regularization

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1698-1710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Cagáň ◽  
Jaroslav Pelant ◽  
Martin Kyncl ◽  
Martin Kadlec ◽  
Lenka Michalcová
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced

Electrical resistance tomography is a method for sensing the spatial distribution of electrical conductivity. Therefore, this type of tomography is suitable for sensing damages, which affect electrical conductivity. The utilization of resistance tomography for the structural health monitoring of carbon fiber–reinforced polymer composites is questionable owing to its low spatial resolution and the strong anisotropy of carbon fiber–reinforced polymer composites. This article deals with the employment of resistance tomography with regularization based on a Gaussian anisotropic smoothing filter for the detection of cuts. The advantages of the filter are shown through the image reconstruction of rectangular composite specimens with three different laminate stacking sequences. The cuts are implemented by a milled groove. Visual comparison of the images shows a substantial improvement in the shape reconstruction ability. In addition to visual comparison, the image reconstructions are assessed in terms of the reconstruction error and cross-correlation.

scholarly journals A high-density carbon fiber neural recording array technology

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Travis L Massey ◽  
Samantha R Santacruz ◽  
Jason F Hou ◽  
Kristofer SJ Pister ◽  
Jose M Carmena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
Electrode Array ◽  
Neural Recording ◽  
Implanted Electrodes ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Electrode Pitch ◽  
Isotropically Conductive Adhesive

Abstract.Objective: Microwire and Utah-style neural recording arrays are the predominant devices used for cortical neural recording, but the implanted electrodes cause a significant adverse biological response and suffer from well-studied performance degradation. Recent work has demonstrated that carbon fiber electrodes do not elicit this same adverse response, but these existing designs are not practically scalable to hundreds or thousands of recording sites. We present technology that overcomes these issues while additionally providing fine electrode pitch for spatial oversampling.Approach: We present a 32-channel carbon fiber monofilament-based intracortical neural recording array fabricated through a combination of bulk silicon microfabrication processing and microassembly. This device represents the first truly two-dimensional carbon fiber neural recording array. The density, channel count, and size scale of this array are enabled by an out-of-plane microassembly technique in which individual fibers are inserted through metallized and isotropically conductive adhesive-filled holes in an oxide-passivated microfabricated silicon substrate.Main results: Five-micron diameter fibers are spaced at a pitch of 38 microns, four times denser than state of the art one-dimensional arrays. The fine diameter of the carbon fibers affords both minimal cross-section and nearly three orders of magnitude greater lateral compliance than standard tungsten microwires. Typical 1 kHz impedances are on the order of hundreds of kiloohms, and successful in vivo recording is demonstrated in the motor cortex of a rat. 22 total units are recorded on 20 channels, with unit SNR ranging from 0.85 to 4.2.Significance: This is the highest density microwire-style electrode array to date, and this fabrication technique is scalable to a larger number of electrodes and allows for the potential future integration of microelectronics. Large-scale carbon fiber neural recording arrays are a promising technology for reducing the inflammatory response and increasing the information density, particularly in neural recording applications where microwire arrays are already used.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Electromechanical Properties and Conversion Efficiency of Piezoelectric Nanocomposites with Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Electrodes for Stress Sensing and Energy Harvesting

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 3184
Author(s):  
Yaonan Yu ◽  
Fumio Narita
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Potassium Sodium Niobate ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Cfrp Composite ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Stress Sensing

Wireless sensor networks are the future development direction for realizing an Internet of Things society and have been applied in bridges, buildings, spacecraft, and other areas. Nevertheless, with application expansion, the requirements for material performance also increase. Although the development of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) to achieve these functions is challenging, it has attracted attention because of its excellent performance. This study combined the CFRP electrode with epoxy resin containing potassium sodium niobate piezoelectric nanoparticles and successfully polarized the composite sample. Furthermore, a three-point bending method was applied to compare the bending behavior of the samples. The peak output voltage produced by the maximum bending stress of 98.4 MPa was estimated to be 0.51 mV. Additionally, a conversion efficiency of 0.01546% was obtained. The results showed that the piezoelectric resin with CFRPs as the electrode exhibited stress self-inductance characteristics. This study is expected to be applied in manufacturing self-sensing piezoelectric resin/CFRP composite materials, paving the way for developing stable and efficient self-sensing structures and applications.

scholarly journals Effects of Starter Defect on Energy Release Rate of Three-Point End-Notch Flexure Tested Unidirectional Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fethma M. Nor ◽  
Joong Yeon Lim ◽  
Mohd Nasir Tamin ◽  
Ho Yong Lee ◽  
D. Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Energy Release Rate ◽  
Release Rate ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Mode Ii ◽  
Delamination Crack ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Interface Delamination ◽  
Cfrp Composite

The mechanics of damage and fracture process in unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites subjected to shear loading (Mode II) were examined using the experimental method of the three-point end-notch flexure (3ENF) test. The CFRP composite consists of [0o]16 with an insert film in the middle plane for a starter defect. A 3ENF test sample with a span of 50 mm and interface delamination crack length of 12.5 mm was tested to yield the load vs. deformation response. A sudden load drop observed at maximum force value indicates the onset of delamination crack propagation. The results are used to extract the energy release rate, GIIC, of the laminates with an insert film starter defect. The effect of the starter defect on the magnitude of GIIC was examined using the CFRP composite sample with a Mode II delamination pre-crack. The higher magnitude of GIIC for the sample with insert film starter defect was attributed to the initial straight geometry of the notch/interface crack and the toughness of the resin at the notch front of the fabricated film insert. The fractured sample was examined using a micro-computerized tomography scanner to establish the shape of the internal delamination crack front. Results revealed that the interface delamination propagated in a non-uniform manner, leaving a curved-shaped crack profile.

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