scholarly journals A Review on Ergonomics in Agriculture. Part II: Mechanized Operations

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lefteris Benos ◽  
Dimitrios Tsaopoulos ◽  
Dionysis Bochtis
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Mechanical Shocks ◽  
Database Research ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Ergonomic Interventions ◽  
Collaborative Efforts ◽  
Damping Of Vibrations

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) have long been recognized as the most common risks that operation of agricultural machineries poses, thus, undermining the ability to labor and quality of life. The purpose of this investigation was to thoroughly review the recent scholarly literature on ergonomics in agricultural mechanized operations; Methods: Electronic database research over the last ten years was conducted based on specific inclusion criteria. Furthermore, an assessment of the methodological quality and strength of evidence of potential risk factors causing MSDs was performed; Results: The results demonstrated that ergonomics in agriculture is an interdisciplinary topic and concerns both developed and developing countries. The machines with driving seats seem to be associated with painful disorders of the low back, while handheld machines with disorders of the upper extremities. The main roots of these disorders are the whole-body vibration (WBV) and hand-arm transmitted vibration (HATV). However, personal characteristics, awkward postures, mechanical shocks and seat discomfort were also recognized to cause MSDs; Conclusions: The present ergonomic interventions aim mainly at damping of vibrations and improving the comfort of operator. Nevertheless, more collaborative efforts among physicians, ergonomists, engineers and manufacturers are required in terms of both creating new ergonomic technologies and increasing the awareness of workers for the involved risk factors.

scholarly journals Risk factors for hemorrhoidal disease among healthy young and middle-aged Korean adults

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Soo Hong ◽  
Kyung Uk Jung ◽  
Sanjay Rampal ◽  
Di Zhao ◽  
Eliseo Guallar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hemorrhoidal Disease ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Excess Adiposity ◽  
Nulliparous Women ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

AbstractHemorrhoidal disease is a highly prevalent anorectal condition causing substantial discomfort, disability, and decreased quality of life. Evidence on preventable risk factors for hemorrhoidal disease is limited. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 194,620 healthy men and women who completed a health screening exam including colonoscopy in 2011–2017. We evaluated potential risk factors of hemorrhoidal disease, including lifestyle factors, medical history, birth history, gastrointestinal symptoms, and anthropometric measurements. The prevalence of hemorrhoidal disease was 16.6%, and it was higher in females than in males (17.2 vs. 16.3%; P < 0.001). Compared to men, the prevalence of hemorrhoidal disease was higher in parous women (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.06; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–1.10), and lower in nulliparous women (adjusted OR 0.92; 95% CI 0.86–0.98). In the adjusted analyses, older age, female sex, smoking, overweight, and being hypertensive were independently associated with the presence of hemorrhoidal disease. The prevalence of hemorrhoidal disease was positively associated with body mass index and waist circumference in parous women. The prevalence of hemorrhoidal disease was higher in older age, females, ever-smokers, and hypertensive participants. The association of excess adiposity with the prevalence of hemorrhoidal disease differed by sex and parity.

Different Perceptions of Factors Affecting the Financial Sustainability in Public Administrations

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Manuel Pedro Rodríguez Bolívar ◽  
María Deseada López Subires
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Public Finance ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Financial Sustainability ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Public ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Research Findings

With the public finance crisis, the analysis of financial sustainability in governments, its influential factors, and the examination of politicians' perceptions about them have become relevant. In fact, it could be necessary to know whether politicians perceive as drivers or risk factors of financial sustainability those variables that prior research has identified with empirical findings. This chapter seeks to identify whether politicians are aware of influential factors previously identified by prior research for financial sustainability and whether personal characteristics of politicians (age, gender, or educational background) could influence this perception. So, an e-survey targeting politicians was conducted in sample of Spanish municipalities to capture their perceptions on potential risk factors and drivers, comparing this result with the findings obtained by prior research. Findings of this chapter indicate that there are different perceptions of politicians about drivers and risk factors among respondents according to their age, gender, and educational background.

scholarly journals Incidence of and Risk Factors for Lactational Mastitis: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-686
Author(s):  
Emily Wilson ◽  
Susannah L Woodd ◽  
Lenka Benova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Reverse Causality ◽  
Global Literature ◽  
Wide Variability ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Lactational Mastitis ◽  
Provision Of Care

Background Lactational mastitis is a maternal morbidity that affects the wellbeing of women and their babies, including through breastfeeding discontinuation. Research Aim To systematically review the available global literature on the frequency of lactational mastitis, and to summarize the evidence on risk factors for lactational mastitis. We also describe gaps in the evidence and identify priority areas for future research. Methods We systematically searched and screened 6 databases and included 26 articles, conducted meta-analysis of disease frequency, and narratively synthesized evidence on risk factors. Results In 11 (42%) articles researchers reported a measure of disease frequency; 5 (19%) reported risk factors, and 10 (39%) included both. Overall, the quality of studies was low, related to suboptimal measurement of disease frequency, high risk of bias, reverse causality, and incomplete adjustment for confounding. Meta-analysis was based on 3 studies (pooled incidence between birth and Week 25 postpartum: 11.1 episodes per 1,000 breastfeeding weeks; 95% CI [10.2–12.0]); with high heterogeneity across contexts and highest incidence in the first four weeks postpartum. Researchers assessed 42 potential risk factors; nipple damage was the most frequently studied and strongly associated with mastitis. There was a scarcity of studies from low-resource settings. Conclusions Lactational mastitis is a common condition, but the wide variability in incidence across contexts suggested that a substantial portion of this burden might be preventable. Provision of care to breastfeeding women at risk for or affected by mastitis is currently constrained due to a critical lack of high quality epidemiological evidence about its incidence and risk factors.

scholarly journals Predictors of COVID-19 severity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1107
Author(s):  
Mudatsir Mudatsir ◽  
Jonny Karunia Fajar ◽  
Laksmi Wulandari ◽  
Gatot Soegiarto ◽  
Muhammad Ilmawan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
High Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽  
High Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate

Background: The unpredictability of the progression of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may be attributed to the low precision of the tools used to predict the prognosis of this disease. Objective: To identify the predictors associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Methods: Relevant articles from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science were searched as of April 5, 2020. The quality of the included papers was appraised using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS). Data of interest were collected and evaluated for their compatibility for the meta-analysis. Cumulative calculations to determine the correlation and effect estimates were performed using the Z test. Results: In total, 19 papers recording 1,934 mild and 1,644 severe cases of COVID-19 were included. Based on the initial evaluation, 62 potential risk factors were identified for the meta-analysis. Several comorbidities, including chronic respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension were observed more frequent among patients with severe COVID-19 than with the mild ones. Compared to the mild form, severe COVID-19 was associated with symptoms such as dyspnea, anorexia, fatigue, increased respiratory rate, and high systolic blood pressure. Lower levels of lymphocytes and hemoglobin; elevated levels of leukocytes, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, blood creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, high-sensitivity troponin, creatine kinase, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, D-dimer, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase, and procalcitonin; and a high erythrocyte sedimentation rate were also associated with severe COVID-19. Conclusion: More than 30 risk factors are associated with a higher risk of severe COVID-19. These may serve as useful baseline parameters in the development of prediction tools for COVID-19 prognosis.

Suicidal Risk Factors in Inquiries Helpline Subscribers

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-114
Author(s):  
A.V. Ermolaeva
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Previous Experience ◽  
Suicidal Risk ◽  
The Past ◽  
Psychological Service ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

The article deals with the practical aspects of counseling a psychologist of a remote psychological service (helpline) for subscribers with suicidal tendencies. Potential risk factors for the formation of anti-vital experiences include the subscriber’s previous experience, personal characteristics and character accentuations, and the experience of acute and chronic psychotraumatic events in the past.

Postsurgical Neuralgia

2018 ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
John P. Kenny ◽  
Dalia Elmofty
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Healthcare Costs ◽  
Mechanism Of Injury ◽  
Profound Impact ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Collaborative Efforts ◽  
Preventative Approach

The development of post-surgical neuralgia (PSN) is multi-factorial and many questions still remain unanswered. PSN results from traumatic nerve injury during a surgical procedure. Little is known about the correlation between the mechanism of injury and the clinical presentation. PSN is often unrecogonized and misdiagnosed. It can be severely debilitating. The consequences of postsurgical neuralgia not only affect a patient’s quality of life, but also have a profound impact on healthcare costs. Identifying predisposing risk factors, utilizing a preventative approach, proper and timely detection, enhancing awareness amongst physicians and early pain management referral are imperative steps in the treatment of PSN. Surgeons and anesthesiologist have a crucial role in the prevention of PSN. Identifying high risk patients and high risk surgery types along with collaborative efforts to implement a multimodal perioperative analgesic plan is recommended.

Varicose veins

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 2813-2817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshan Bootun ◽  
Tristan Lane ◽  
Alun H. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Family History ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Superficial Fascia ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

Varicose veins affect a third of the general population and are found in the superficial fascia of the lower limbs. There is controversy as to their actual cause with the debate still ongoing as to whether it is primarily an ascending or descending condition. Several potential risk factors have been identified and the most likely risks are increasing age, family history, and pregnancy. They cause a variety of physical symptoms, the most severe of which is ulceration, and also have an adverse effect on the quality of life of patients. Treatment of varicose veins, in turn, has been shown to improve patients’ quality of life.

Varicose veins

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 2813-2817
Author(s):  
Roshan Bootun ◽  
Tristan Lane ◽  
Alun H. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Family History ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Superficial Fascia ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

Varicose veins affect a third of the general population and are found in the superficial fascia of the lower limbs. There is controversy as to their actual cause with the debate still ongoing as to whether it is primarily an ascending or descending condition. Several potential risk factors have been identified and the most likely risks are increasing age, family history, and pregnancy. They cause a variety of physical symptoms, the most severe of which is ulceration, and also have an adverse effect on the quality of life of patients. Treatment of varicose veins, in turn, has been shown to improve patients’ quality of life.

scholarly journals Incidence and Potential Risk Factors of Catheter Associated Thrombosis in Solid Tumors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco José Pelegrín Mateo ◽  
Asia Ferrández Arias ◽  
Lucía Gómez González ◽  
Teresa Quintanar Verdúguez ◽  
Irene Belmonte Heredia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Prothrombotic Risk Factors ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Secondary Endpoints ◽  
Deep Vein

Abstract PurposeCentral venous catheters (CVCs) have become common practice in oncology. Besides their benefits, as an invasive procedure, several complications are associated with them. Catheter associated thrombosis (CAT) is one of the most relevant due to their impact in quality of life and mortality, but the prothrombotic risk factors implied have been poorly assessed. The aim of the study is to evaluate the incidence of upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (UEDVT) associated to catheter use in patients with solid tumors. Secondary endpoints are to describe the population using CVCs and to evaluate potential risk factors of CAT. MethodsPatients diagnosed of solid tumors assisted at a tertiary level hospital between 2016 and 2019, and using CVCs were included.Results455 patients were enrolled. The incidence of CAT was 5.49% (25) in the whole population. 5.05% (23) was associated with PICC while 0.44% (2) was due to PORT use. Among the factors included in the univariate and multivariate regression models, age ≥50 years and PORT use were identified as protective factors related to the development of CAT.ConclusionCVCs remains a safe approach for the delivering of treatments in patients with solid tumors. Age ≤50 and use of PICC are risk factors for developing CAT. Larger prospective studies are needed to identify additional risk factors of CAT.

scholarly journals Studi Residu Antibiotika dan Kualitas Mikrobiologi Telur Ayam Konsumsi yang Beredar di Kota Administrasi Jakarta Timur

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-159
Author(s):  
Anton ◽  
E. Taufik ◽  
Z. Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Traditional Markets ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Chicken Eggs

Chicken eggs are fairly high in nutritional content, especially in proteins. Usually, antibiotics are used indisease prevention and treatment program at the layer chicken farms. The use of antibiotics are still notaccording to the direction of use. Egg production is also susceptible to bacterial contamination. Therefore,the objective of this study was to analyze the presence of kanamycin residue, the microbiological quality,and to evaluate potential risk factors associated with the microbiological quality of chicken eggs in theadministration city of East Jakarta. The samples were 100 eggs taken from 21 traditional markets and4 supermarkets in the administration city of East Jakarta. Kanamycin residue tested using bioassaymethod based on SNI 7424: 2008 and the microbiological quality method used based on SNI 3926: 2008.Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis univariate Chi-Square test to determine the effect ofpotential risk factors on the quality of microbiological quality and logistic regression models to analyzethe effect of potential risk factors without looking at the interaction of other factors. The results showedthat kanamycin residues were detected in 26.19% of eggs from traditional markets and 31.25% eggsfrom supermarkets in the administration city of East Jakarta. The median value of TPC, coliform andE.coli were 0.7 log cfu/g, 1.5 MPN/g, and 1.5 MPN/g, respectively, whilst Salmonella sp test was negative.It can be concluded that kanamycin residues still found in the markets and the microbiological qualitywere below the maximum contamination limit based on SNI 3926:2008 and egg cleanness was a riskfactor for coliform contamination.

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