scholarly journals A Real-Time Thermal Model for the Analysis of Tire/Road Interaction in Motorcycle Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1604
Author(s):  
Flavio Farroni ◽  
Nicolò Mancinelli ◽  
Francesco Timpone
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Interaction Force ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Vehicle Performance ◽  
The Road ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Cooling Effects ◽  
Heat Exchanges

While in the automotive field the relationship between road adherence and tire temperature is mainly investigated with the aim to enhance the vehicle performance in motorsport, the motorcycle sector is highly sensitive to such theme also from less extreme applications. The small extension of the footprint, along with the need to guarantee driver stability and safety in the widest possible range of riding conditions, requires that tires work as most as possible at a temperature able to let the viscoelastic compounds-constituting the tread and the composite materials of the whole carcass structure-provide the highest interaction force with road. Moreover, both for tire manufacturing companies and for single track vehicles designers and racing teams, a deep knowledge of the thermodynamic phenomena involved at the ground level is a key factor for the development of optimal solutions and setup. This paper proposes a physical model based on the application of the Fourier thermodynamic equations to a three-dimensional domain, accounting for all the sources of heating like friction power at the road interface and the cyclic generation of heat because of rolling and to asphalt indentation, and for the cooling effects because of the air forced convection, to road conduction and to turbulences in the inflation chamber. The complex heat exchanges in the system are fully described and modeled, with particular reference to the management of contact patch position, correlated to camber angle and requiring the adoption of an innovative multi-ribbed and multi-layered tire structure. The completely physical approach induces the need of a proper parameterization of the model, whose main stages are described, both from the experimental and identification points of view, with particular reference to non-destructive procedures for thermal parameters definition. One of the most peculiar and challenging features of the model is linked with its topological and analytical structure, allowing to run in real-time, usefully for the application in co-simulation vehicle dynamics platforms, for performance prediction and setup optimization applications.

scholarly journals An Effective Algorithm for Video-Based Parking and Drop Event Detection

Complexity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Gang Li ◽  
Huansheng Song ◽  
Zheng Liao
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Vehicle Body ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Status Change ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Object Area

Real-time and accurate detection of parking and dropping events on the road is important for the avoidance of traffic accidents. The existing algorithms for detection require accurate modeling of the background, and most of them use the characteristics of two-dimensional images such as area to distinguish the type of the target. However, these algorithms significantly depend on the background and are lack of accuracy on the type of distinction. Therefore, this paper proposes an algorithm for detecting parking and dropping objects that uses real three-dimensional information to distinguish the type of target. Firstly, an abnormal region is initially defined based on status change, when there is an object that did not exist before in the traffic scene. Secondly, the preliminary determination of the abnormal area is bidirectionally tracked to determine the area of parking and dropping objects, and the eight-neighbor seed filling algorithm is used to segment the parking and the dropping object area. Finally, a three-view recognition method based on inverse projection is proposed to distinguish the parking and dropping objects. The method is based on the matching of the three-dimensional structure of the vehicle body. In addition, the three-dimensional wireframe of the vehicle extracted by the back-projection can be used to match the structural model of the vehicle, and the vehicle model can be further identified. The 3D wireframe of the established vehicle is efficient and can meet the needs of real-time applications. And, based on experimental data collected in tunnels, highways, urban expressways, and rural roads, the proposed algorithm is verified. The results show that the algorithm can effectively detect the parking and dropping objects within different environment, with low miss and false detection rate.

scholarly journals Gelatin-Polyvinyl Alcohol Film for Tissue Engineering: A Concise Review

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 979
Author(s):  
Izzat Zulkiflee ◽  
Mh Busra Fauzi
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Film Development

The field of biomaterials has been steadily expanding as a large number of pharmaceutical and manufacturing companies invest in research in order to commercialize biomaterial products. Various three-dimensional biomaterials have been explored including film, hydrogel, sponge, microspheres etc., depending on different applications. Thus, gelatin and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) are widely used as a natural- and synthetic-based biomaterial, respectively, for tissue engineering and clinical settings. The combination of these materials has proven its synergistic effects in wound-healing applications. Therefore, this review aims to highlight the hybrid gelatin and PVA thin film development and evaluate its potential characteristics for tissue engineering applications from existing published evidence (within year 2010–2020). The primary key factor for polymers mixing technology might improve the quality and the efficacy of the intended polymers. This review provides a concise overview of the current knowledge for hybrid gelatin and PVA with the method of fabricating and mixing technology into thin films. Additionally, the findings guided to an optimal fabrication method and scrutinised characterisation parameters of fabricated gelatin-PVA thin film. In conclusion, hybrid gelatin-PVA thin film has higher potential as a treatment for various biomedical and clinical applications.

Development and Application of Quality Control System for Highway Subgrade Construction

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
System Development ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Development Mode ◽  
The Road ◽  
Whole Process

The compaction quality of the subgrade is directly related to the service life of the road. Effective control of the subgrade construction process is the key to ensuring the compaction quality of the subgrade. Therefore, real-time, comprehensive, rapid and accurate prediction of construction compaction quality through informatization detection method is an important guarantee for speeding up construction progress and ensuring subgrade compaction quality. Based on the function of the system, this paper puts forward the principle of system development and the development mode used in system development, and displays the development system in real-time to achieve the whole process control of subgrade construction quality.

Evaluation of the mitral valve by transthoracic real-time three-dimensional echocardiography

2010 ◽  
Vol 151 (21) ◽  
pp. 854-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attila Nemes ◽  
Marcel L. Geleijnse ◽  
Osama I. I. Soliman ◽  
Wim B. Vletter ◽  
Jackie S. McGhie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Echocardiography ◽  
Three Dimensional Echocardiography

Jelenleg az echokardiográfia a legszéleskörűbben alkalmazott rutin noninvazív diagnosztikus eljárás, amelynek segítségével a mitralis billentyű morfológiája és funkciója jellemezhető. Ennek az összefoglaló jellegű közleménynek a célja az egyik legújabb echokardiográfiás fejlesztés, a transthoracalis real-time háromdimenziós echokardiográfia szerepének bemutatása a mitralis billentyű vizsgálatában.

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