scholarly journals HBIM-GIS Integration: From IFC to CityGML Standard for Damaged Cultural Heritage in a Multiscale 3D GIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabetta Colucci ◽  
Valeria De Ruvo ◽  
Andrea Lingua ◽  
Francesca Matrone ◽  
Gloria Rizzo
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
3D Gis ◽  
San Lorenzo ◽  
Geography Markup Language ◽  
Levels Of Detail ◽  
Gis Integration ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Gis Environment

This study describes the technical-systemic and conceptual-informative interoperability tests for the integration of a Historic Building Information Modeling (HBIM) model in a 3D Geographic Information System (GIS) environment aimed to provide complete and useful documentation for multiscale analyses on cultural heritage particularly exposed to risks. The case study of the San Lorenzo Church in Norcia (Italy) has been chosen given the urgent need to update the existing documentation for its protection and conservation issues, due to the extensive damage suffered after the series of earthquakes that occurred in central Italy starting from summer 2016. Different tests to evaluate two levels of conceptual interoperability (technical and semantic) when importing the HBIM model into a GIS environment were performed, whether with commercial software or with open source ones (ArcGIS Pro and QGIS, respectively). A data integration platform (Feature Manipulation Engine, FME) has been used for converting the IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) data format into the GML (Geography Markup Language) format, in order to obtain a unique and unified model and vocabulary for the 3D GIS project, structured with different levels of detail, according to CityGML standard. Finally, as HBIM-GIS integration is considered, the loss of geometric and informative data has been taken into account and evaluated.

scholarly journals Towards Effective BIM/GIS Data Integration for Smart City by Integrating Computer Graphics Technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1889
Author(s):  
Junxiang Zhu ◽  
Peng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Computer Graphics ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Data Conversion ◽  
Geography Markup Language ◽  
Building Models ◽  
Digital Twins ◽  
Gis Data ◽  
Building Information

The development of a smart city and digital twin requires the integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), where BIM models are to be integrated into GIS for visualization and/or analysis. However, the intrinsic differences between BIM and GIS have led to enormous problems in BIM-to-GIS data conversion, and the use of City Geography Markup Language (CityGML) has further escalated this issue. This study aims to facilitate the use of BIM models in GIS by proposing using the shapefile format, and a creative approach for converting Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) to shapefile was developed by integrating a computer graphics technique. Thirteen building models were used to validate the proposed method. The result shows that: (1) the IFC-to-shapefile conversion is easier and more flexible to realize than the IFC-to-CityGML conversion, and (2) the computer graphics technique can improve the efficiency and reliability of BIM-to-GIS data conversion. This study can facilitate the use of BIM information in GIS and benefit studies working on digital twins and smart cities where building models are to be processed and integrated in GIS, or any other studies that need to manipulate IFC geometry in depth.

scholarly journals A Common Approach to Geo-Referencing Building Models in Industry Foundation Classes for BIM/GIS Integration

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 362
Author(s):  
Junxiang Zhu ◽  
Peng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Building Information Modeling ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Industry Foundation Classes ◽  
Spatial Reference ◽  
Reference Information ◽  
Building Models ◽  
Digital Twins ◽  
Gis Data ◽  
Gis Integration ◽  
Building Information

Previous geo-referencing approaches for building information modeling (BIM) models can be problematic due to: (a) the different interpretations of the term ‘geo-referencing’, (b) the insufficient consideration of the placement hierarchy of the industry foundation classes (IFCs), and (c) the misunderstanding that a common way to embed spatial reference information for IFC is absent. Therefore, the objective of this study is to (1) clarify the meaning of geo-referencing in the context of BIM/GIS data integration, and (2) develop a common geo-referencing approach for IFC. To achieve the goal, a systematic and thorough investigation into the IFC standard was conducted to assess the geo-referencing capability of IFC. Based on the investigation, a geo-referencing approach was established using IFC entities that are common in different IFC versions, which makes the proposed approach common to IFC. Such a geo-referencing approach supports automatic geo-referencing that would facilitate the use of BIM models in GIS, e.g., for the construction of digital twins.

scholarly journals A Semantics-Based Approach for Simplifying IFC Building Models to Facilitate the Use of BIM Models in GIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 4727
Author(s):  
Junxiang Zhu ◽  
Peng Wu ◽  
Chimay Anumba
Keyword(s):  
Information Modeling ◽  
Markup Language ◽  
Model Simplification ◽  
Geography Markup Language ◽  
Building Models ◽  
Solid Models ◽  
External Objects ◽  
Surface Models ◽  
Level Of Details ◽  
Building Information

Using solid building models, instead of the surface models in City Geography Markup Language (CityGML), can facilitate data integration between Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Geographic Information System (GIS). The use of solid models, however, introduces a problem of model simplification on the GIS side. The aim of this study is to solve this problem by developing a framework for generating simplified solid building models from BIM. In this framework, a set of Level of Details (LoDs) were first defined to suit solid building models—referred to as s-LoD, ranging from s-LoD1 to s-LoD4—and three unique problems in implementing s-LoDs were identified and solved by using a semantics-based approach, including identifying external objects for s-LoD2 and s-LoD3, distinguishing various slabs, and generating valid external walls for s-LoD2 and s-LoD3. The feasibility of the framework was validated by using BIM models, and the result shows that using semantics from BIM can make it easier to convert and simplify building models, which in turn makes BIM information more practical in GIS.

scholarly journals Scan to BIM for the digital management and representation in 3D GIS environment of cultural heritage site

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pepe Massimiliano ◽  
Costantino Domenica ◽  
Vincenzo Saverio Alfio ◽  
Alfredo Garofalo Restuccia ◽  
Nicola Massimiliano Papalino
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
3D Gis ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Digital Management ◽  
Gis Environment

scholarly journals Features of the survey and monitoring of the technical condition of cultural heritage objects based on the BIM model

2021 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 09029
Author(s):  
Sergey Ekba
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Mandatory Requirement ◽  
Building Information

In Russia, Building Information Modeling (BIM) is becoming a mandatory requirement for the construction of new buildings. There is a positive experience in the implementation and examination of projects with BIM. A number of Russian companies have already introduced and are actively using information design technologies in their activities. However, at the current moment, the use of BIM in Russia is at the start. This paper shows examples of the use of BIM and laser scanning in the development of scientific and project documentation for cultural heritage sites. The paper shows the stages of engineering research. A comparison is made between traditional methods of building inspection and with the method of laser scanning. The key advantages of using a BIM model at the design stage, restoration and subsequent stages of the object’s life cycle are shown. The promising areas of application of BIM technologies, laser scanning technologies at different stages of the life cycle of an object (buildings, structures, utilities) have been identified.

scholarly journals IFC Classification for FOSS HBIM: Open Issues and a Schema Proposal for Cultural Heritage Assets

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 8320
Author(s):  
Filippo Diara ◽  
Fulvio Rinaudo
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Building Information Modeling ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Existing Buildings ◽  
Semantic Classification ◽  
Industry Foundation Classes ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Open Issues ◽  
Aec Industry

The IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) open format has been developed by BuildingSMART and regularized through ISO standards. It has been implemented into a BIM (Building Information Modeling) informative system for the AEC industry (Architecture Engineering and Construction). The IFC format has changed interoperability processes concerning architectural and technical entities in a semantic way. However, because this standard open format was specifically designed for the modern AEC industry, it may not cater to the demands of cultural heritage assets. Since IFC classification is fundamental for informative systems, it should become a standard also concerning heritage assets, even if nowadays there is no regularized IFC classification for historical existing buildings. Specific cultural heritage peculiarities therefore need semantic classification based on historical asset families. For this reason, this work is based on a proposal and experimental IFC classification implemented inside an HBIM open source software (FreeCAD), whereby limitations of IFC standards can be overcome thanks to the freedom of access to libraries and codes. Moreover, this work is based on IFC objects management outside the platform for interoperability purposes.

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