scholarly journals Early Intervention Using Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Combined with Probiotics Influence the Growth Performance, Diarrhea, and Intestinal Barrier Function of Piglets

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quanhang Xiang ◽  
Xiaoyu Wu ◽  
Ye Pan ◽  
Liu Wang ◽  
Yuwei Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Intervention ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function

Early intervention with fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) improves the growth performance and intestinal barrier function of piglets. Accelerating intestinal oxygen concentration is beneficial for symbiotic bacterial colonization. Saccharomyces boulardii (SB) is an aerobic fungus, which may contribute to the colonization of anaerobic symbiotic bacteria by competing for oxygen. Clostridium butyricum (CB) improves intestinal barrier function and performance, via regulating the gut microbiota composition of piglets. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of early intervention with FMT combining CB and SB on growth performance, diarrhea, and intestinal barrier function in piglets. A total of 77 litters of neonatal piglets assigned to one of six treatments, which treated with antibiotics (AB), placebo (CON), and FMT (FMT), FMT-added CB (FMT+C), FMT-added SB (FMT+S), and FMT-added CB and SB (FMT+C+S), respectively. FMT+C+S treated piglets had higher body weight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG) both in weaning and finial period, and it significantly increased the levels of fecal mucin-2 (MUC2), fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and relative abundance of fecal Lactobacillus spp., and Bifidobacterium genus. Moreover, early intervention with FMT+C+S reduced the diarrhea rate during the experiment. FMT+C+S also decreased the level of plasma diamine oxidase (DAO) and D-lactate (D-LA), and relative abundance of fecal E. coli during the suckling period. In summary, early intervention with FMT combining CB and SB improved the growth performance, intestinal barrier function, fecal SCFAs concentration, and fecal Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium of piglets.

scholarly journals PSVIII-10 Effects of early intervention by fecal microbiota transplantation combined probiotics on the growth performance, intestinal barrier and immunity function, and gut microbiota in sucking piglets

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 305-306
Author(s):  
Quanhang Xiang ◽  
Jian Peng
Keyword(s):  
Early Intervention ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Gut Colonization ◽  
Fecal Suspension ◽  
Immunity Function

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of early gut colonization by fecal microbiota transplantation and probiotics intervention on growth performance, immunity function, and gut health of piglets. A total of 121 pregnant sows were divided into 6 groups with average parity of 3.66 ± 1.34. After delivery, piglets of group AB were treated with antibiotics at age of 3-day. Piglets of group CON were gavaged with PBS. The remaining four treatment groups, FMT, FMT+C, FMT+S, and FMT+C+S, the piglets were gavaged with fecal suspension, fecal suspension with C. butyricum, fecal suspension with S. boulardii, and fecal suspension with C. butyricum and S.boulardii, respectively, with the frequency of once daily in the first 3 days. All the piglets were weaned at age of 21 day. The individual body weight of piglets were weighed weekly, blood samples and fecal samples were collected weekly. At the end of study, the ADG and diarrhea rate were caculated. FMT+C+S and FMT could increased piglets 21-day-old weight (P < 0.01), and FMT+C+S could increased ADG (P < 0.05) and decreased diarrhea rate (P < 0.05). Early antibiotics exposure for health care has no positive effect on growth performance and diarrhea. FMT, FMT+S and FMT+C+S improved fecal sIgA and plasma IgG of 14-day-old piglets (P < 0.05). FMT+C+S decreased the concentration of plasma DAO and D-LA, and increased fecal MUC2 content, so that the intestinal barrier was enhanced. The early intervention of FMT combined with C. butyricum and S. boulardii reduced the abundance of E. coli, and increased the abundance of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. In addition, it also increases the production of intestinal short-chain fatty acids. In conclusion, these data indicated that early intervention with FMT combined C. butyricum and S. boulardii could improve the growth performance, immune responses, and gut function of sucking piglets.

scholarly journals Effects of fecal microbiota transplantation on serum uric acid levels, symptoms and intestinal barrier function in patients with acute and recurrent gout: a pilot study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenrui Xie ◽  
Xiaoya Yang ◽  
Zhihe Deng ◽  
Yamei Zheng ◽  
Ran Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Acute Gout

Abstract Background: Gut dysbiosis has been reported to be closely associated with gout. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been considered as an effective way to restore the balance of gut microbiota. We aimed to evaluate the effects of FMT on serum uric acid levels, gout symptoms and the intestinal barrier function in patients with acute and recurrent gout. Methods: We performed a pilot study of FMT for acute and recurrent gout. The primary outcome was the changes in serum uric acid level on day 28 post-FMT and in gout symptoms by one year. The secondary outcomes included the changes in levels of urine uric acid, diamine oxidase (DAO), D-lactic acid and endotoxin on day 28 post-FMT. The levels of DAO, D-lactic acid and endotoxin were assessed by enzyme assay. Results: Eleven patients received FMT treatment. All the patients had a reduction in serum uric acid levels after FMT treatment ( P < 0.05), accompanied with a decrease in the frequency and duration time of acute gout flares. The levels of DAO, D-lactic acid and endotoxin, reflecting the intestinal barrier function, were higher in patients with gout than in healthy donors ( P < 0.05). After FMT treatment, the levels of DAO and endotoxin decreased ( P < 0.05). Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that FMT is effective for reducing serum uric acid levels and improving gout symptoms in patients with gout; FMT contributes to improve the impaired intestinal barrier function of the patients.

Effects of Glutamine on Growth Performance, Intestinal Morphology and Intestinal Barrier Function of Broilers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. J. Wu ◽  
Z. H. Liu ◽  
C. Jiao ◽  
B. Y. Cheng ◽  
D. D. Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Crypt Depth ◽  
Daily Gain

The effect of glutamine (Gln) on growth performance, intestinal morphology and intestinal barrier function were evaluated in broilers. A total of 320 birds were divided into a control group (CON) and three experimental groups (Gln 1, Gln 2 and Gln 3). Broilers of group CON received basal diet; broilers in group Gln 1, Gln 2 and Gln 3 were supplemented with 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5 % Gln, respectively, for 42 days. The results indicated that Gln has no influence on the average daily gain (ADG) among the treatments in the periods of 1 to 21 d, 22 to 42 d and 1 to 42 d (P > 0.05). However, Gln improved average daily feed intake (ADFI) and feed intake: average daily gain (F: G), increased the villus height, villus height to crypt depth ratio (V/C) and the activities of sucrose, the ZO1, claudin-1 and occluding mRNA expression levels (P 0.05). Moreover, Gln decreased the crypt depth of jejunum and ileum in broilers at days 21 and 42 (P 0.05). In conclusion, Gln had a positive effect on growth performance and gut parameters by modifying the function of the intestinal mucosa barrier.

scholarly journals 350 The effect of early intervention with fecal microbiota transplantation combined C. butyricum and S. boulardii on weaning stress of piglets

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 94-95
Author(s):  
Quanhang Xiang ◽  
Jian Peng
Keyword(s):  
Early Intervention ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Weaning Stress ◽  
Immunity Function

Abstract This study was designed to determine the effect of early intervention with fecal microbiota transplantation combined C. butyricum and S. boulardii on anti-weaning stress capacity of piglets. 22 pregnant sows were selected in this study, 10 sows were divided into control group (CON), and 12 sows were divided into treatment group (FMT combined C. butyricum and S. boulardii, FMT+C+S). Piglets in CON were gavaged with placebo and piglets in treatment group were gavaged with bacterial solution once daily for the first 3 days after birth. Piglets were weaned at age of 28-day. To explore the effects of early intervention on weaning stress in piglets, after weaning, each group selected 65 healthy piglets to continue feeding for 4 weeks. The growth performance was measured by weekly individual weighing. ADFI during post-weaning period were measured daily. The blood biochemical markers for immunity function, intestinal barrier, and inflammation levels were determined by ELISA kits, and the indices of antioxidant ability were examined using the commercial assay kit. Isolated DNA from fecal were used for 16s rRNA amplicon sequencing to determine microbiota composition. FMT+C+S improved growth rate and decreased diarrhea rate both in sucking and post-weaning period in piglets. FMT+C+S significantly increased immunity function, intestinal barrier function, antioxidant capacity, and reduced inflammation levels in weaned piglets. FMT+C+S significantly increased the abundance of Firmicutes in feces before and after weaning (P &lt; 0.01). In addition, at the genus level, several beneficial bacteria, such as Phascolarctobacterium, Oscillospira, Faecalibacterium, etc. were significantly enriched (P &lt; 0.05) before weaning, and Lactobacillus, Lachnospira, Bacillus, Lysinibacillus, etc. were enriched significantly (P &lt; 0.05) after weaning. These results suggested that early intervention with fecal microbiota transplantation combined C. butyricum and S. boulardii may be a effectively method to promote piglets growth and protect piglets from weaning stress, and even disease, through regulating gut microbiota composition.

scholarly journals Effects of Early Intervention with Antibiotics and Maternal Fecal Microbiota on Transcriptomic Profiling Ileal Mucusa in Neonatal Pigs

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongying Xu ◽  
Jiajia Wan ◽  
Chunhui Lin ◽  
Yong Su
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Early Intervention ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Transcriptomic Profiling ◽  
Cell Immunity

This study aimed to investigate the effects of early intervention with antibiotics and maternal fecal microbiota on ileal morphology and barrier function, and transcriptomic profiling in neonatal piglets. Piglets in the amoxicillin (AM), fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), and control (CO) groups were orally administrated with amoxicillin solution (6.94 mg/mL), maternal fecal microbiota suspension [>109 colony forming unit (CFU)/mL], and physiological saline, respectively. Compared with the CO group, early intervention with AM or FMT significantly decreased ileal crypt depth on day 7 and altered gene expression profiles in ileum on days 7 and 21, and especially promoted the expression of chemokines (CCL5, CXCL9, and CXCL11) involved in the toll-like receptor signaling pathway on day 21. FMT changed major immune activities from B cell immunity on day 7 to T cell immunity on day 21 in the ileum. On the other hand, both AM and FMT predominantly downregulated the gene expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). In summary, both early interventions modulated intestinal barrier function and immune system in the ileum with a low impact on ileal morphology and development.

scholarly journals Effects of dietary Clostridium butyricum supplementation on growth performance, intestinal barrier function, immune response, and intestinal permeability in broiler chickens with necrotic enteritis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
xiao xu ◽  
Shunli Yang ◽  
Joshua Seun Olajide ◽  
Zigang Qu ◽  
Zhenxing Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Clostridium Butyricum ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Damage ◽  
Necrotic Enteritis ◽  
Intestinal Pathogens

Abstract Background Necrotic enteritis (NE), which is caused by Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens), is an economically important disease in broiler. Among normal flora in the broiler intestinal, Clostridium butyricum (C. butyricum) has been identified as a probiotic agent that reduces the susceptibility of broilers to C. perfringens. It also promotes the repair of broiler intestinal damage from harmful intestinal pathogens. However, the effects of C. butyricum infection on broiler intestinal integrity during NE are largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of C. butyricum on the growth performance, intestinal morphology and barrier function, and the functions of immune-related cytokines under NE in broilers. Results Infected group (PC) showed significant decrease in the average daily gain (ADG, p < 0.01) and increase in feed conversion ratio (FCR, p < 0.01) compared with C. butyricum (NECB1 and NECB2) through dietary supplement. Supplementation of C. butyricum (NECB1 and NECB2) restored the intestinal villus height, increased the crypt depth, and reduced the intestinal damage under NE. Furthermore, broilers infected with NE (PC) had higher serum IgA and endotoxin content, and after addition with C. butyricum (NECB1 and NECB2) returned to normal level. In addition, compared with PC, supplementation of C. butyricum (NECB1 and NECB2) restored intestinal barrier function-related genes (such as CLDN-1, CLDN-3, OCLN, MUC2, ZO-1, and CLDN5), cytokines (such as TNF-α, IL-10, IL-6, and TGFB1) and C. perfringens plc gene expression. Moreover, C. butyricum (NECB1 and NECB2) could restore the decrease in Gt (p < 0.01) and Isc caused by NE (PC). In addition, NECB2 reduced the upregulation of FD4 flux caused by NE infection (p < 0.01). Conclusion Dietary supplementation of C. butyricum into broilers with NE improved chicken growth performance, intestinal morphology, intestinal barrier function, and immune function. Notably, no statistical difference was observed with the addition of C. butyricum at different time points.

scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Clostridium butyricum Supplementation on Growth Performance, Intestinal Barrier Function, Immune Function, and Microbiota Diversity of Pekin Ducks

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2514
Author(s):  
Yanhan Liu ◽  
Cun Liu ◽  
Keying An ◽  
Xiaowei Gong ◽  
Zhaofei Xia
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Pekin Ducks ◽  
Mrna Expression Levels

Clostridium butyricum (C. butyricum) is increasingly being used to test the promotion of the gut health of animals. However, the modes of action for such applications for waterfowl remain unclear. Thus, we investigated whether or not intestinal barrier function, immune-related gene expression, and the diversity of the intestinal microbiota in Pekin ducks varied under C. butyricum supplementation. A total of 500 ducks were randomly assigned into five treatments supplemented with basal diets containing: either 0 (group Control), 200 (group CB200), 400 (group CB400) and 600 (group CB600) mg/kg C. butyricum or 150 mg/kg aureomycin (group A150) for 42 days. In comparison with the control group, C. butyricum supplementation enhanced the growth performance and intestinal villus height of Pekin ducks at 42 d. Serum immune indexes and fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were all improved at both 21 d and 42 d after C. butyricum addition. The mRNA expression levels of Mucin2, Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), Caudin-3, and Occludin increased at 21 d and 42 d and the mRNA expression levels of IL-4 and IL-10 only increased at 42 d after C. butyricum addition. Dietary C. butyricum also resulted in an increase in the number of diversities of operational taxonomic units (OTUs), and an increase in the α-diversity of intestinal microbiota. The addition of C. butyricum altered the composition of the intestinal microbiota from 21 d to 42 d. The relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes showed little changes among groups; however, the relative abundance of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes were found to have been significantly different between the 21 d and 42 d. C. butyricum administration improved the intestinal health of Pekin ducks by increasing the diversity of intestinal microbiota, enhancing the SCFAs contents, and strengthening the intestinal barrier function and immune systems. The optimal dietary supplementation dosage was recommended as 400 mg/kg in the diet.

scholarly journals Effects of Guava (Psidium Guajava L.) Leaf Extract on Growth Performance and Metabolomics in Weaned Piglets Challenged by Escherichia Coli

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dingfa Wang ◽  
Luli Zhou ◽  
Hanlin Zhou ◽  
Guanyu Hou
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Ability ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Diarrhea Incidence

Abstract Background: The effects of dietary supplementation with guava leaf extracts (GE) on growth performance, diarrhea and intestinal barrier function, as well as associated with its modulation of serum and fecal metabolic changes in weaned piglets challenged by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) were investigated.Method: Fifty weaned piglets (Duroc × Yorkshire × Landrace) from 5 pens (2 piglets per pen) were randomly divided into five groups: blank control group (BC), negative control group (NC), or those supplemented with 50 mg kg-1 (S50), 100 mg kg-1 (S100), or 200 (S200) mg kg-1 diet GE, respectively. On day 4, all piglets (except for BC) were orally challenged with about 1.0 × 109 colony-forming units (CFU) enterotoxigenic ETEC. After 28-day trial, growth performance, diarrhea incidence, intestinal barrier function and metabolomics of serum and fecal were investigated.Results: We demonstrated that dietary supplementation with GE (50-200 mg kg-1) reduced diarrhea incidence of piglets and increased expression of intestinal tight junction proteins (ZO-1, Occludin, Claudin-1) (P < 0.05) and sodium hydrogen exchanger 3 (NHE3) (P < 0.05). Moreover, dietary supplementation with GE (50-200 mg kg-1) upregulated level of tetrahydrofolic acid (THF) and reversed higher level of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) caused by ETEC in serum compared with NC group (P < 0.05), and enhanced antioxidant ability of piglets. In addition, dietary addition with GE (100 mg kg-1) reversed the lower level of L-pipecolic acid caused by ETEC in feces compared with NC group (P < 0.05), and decreased oxidative stress response of piglets. Further, there were no differences (P > 0.05) in the final weight, average daily feed intake (ADFI) and F/G among dietary groups during the overall period, and piglets in S50 group has the higher average daily gain (ADG). Conclusion: Dietary supplementation with 50-200 mg kg-1 GE reduced diarrhea incidence of weaned piglets challenged by ETEC and exhibited positive effect on improving intestinal barrier function. Meanwhile, dietary addition with GE organized and redistributed energy resources through similar or dissimilar metabolic pathways, and finally enhanced antioxidant ability of piglets challenged by ETEC.

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