scholarly journals Protective Effects of Fucoxanthin on High Glucose- and 4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE)-Induced Injury in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1176
Author(s):  
Yi-Fen Chiang ◽  
Hsin-Yuan Chen ◽  
Yen-Jui Chang ◽  
Yin-Hwa Shih ◽  
Tzong-Ming Shieh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Blood Retinal Barrier

The incidence of diabetes mellitus is increasing due to the eating and living habits of modern people. As the disease progresses, the long-term effects of diabetes can cause microvascular disease, causing dysfunction in different parts of the body, which, in turn, leads to different complications, such as diabetic neuropathy, diabetic nephropathy, and diabetic retinopathy (DR). DR is the main cause of vision loss and blindness in diabetic patients. Persistent hyperglycemia may cause damage to the retina, induce the accumulation of inflammatory factors, and destroy the blood–retinal barrier function. Fucoxanthin (Fx) is a marine carotenoid extracted from seaweed. It accounts for more than 10% of the total carotenoids in nature. Fx is mainly found in brown algae and has strong antioxidant properties, due to its unique biologically active structure. This carotenoid also has the effects of reducing lipid peroxidation, reducing DNA damage, and preventing cardiovascular diseases as well as anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects. However, there is no relevant research on the protective effect of Fx in DR. Therefore, in this study, we explore the protective effect of Fx on the retina. Human retinal epithelial cells (ARPE-19) are used to investigate the protective effect of Fx on high glucose stress- (glucose 75 mM) and high lipid peroxidation stress (4-hydroxynonenal, 4-HNE (30 μM))-induced DR. The cell viability test shows that Fx recovered the cell damage, and Western blotting shows that Fx reduced the inflammation response and maintained the integrity of the blood–retinal barrier by reducing its apoptosis and cell adhesion factor protein expression. Using an antioxidant enzyme assay kit, we find that the protective effect of Fx may be related to the strong antioxidant properties of Fx, which increases catalase and reduces oxidative stress to produce a protective effect on the retina.

scholarly journals New promising alien species of yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolia (Рoepp. et Еndl.) H. Robinson) for medicinal plant cultivation in Ukraine

2016 ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
A. Dashchenko ◽  
V. Novozhylov ◽  
L. Hlushchenko ◽  
N. Taran ◽  
S. Marchyshyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exotic Species ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Medicinal Plant Cultivation ◽  
Favorable Conditions

Available to man source of bioactive compounds and minerals are plants. One of the promising crops is yakon that was introduced and put into culture in many countries. Perspective for Ukraine exotic species, which yakon belongs to, was recently started to grow in our country. The main area of yakon distribution is average latitude of South America. Due to the content of chlorogenic, coffee acids and other phenolic compounds in leaves yakon has antioxidant properties. Root tubers of yakon contain inulin — a polysaccharide that is easily absorbed by the body and serves as a substitute for sugar in the diets of diabetic patients. In recent years, scientists from different countries have been studying yakon hypoglycemic properties. Researchers worldwide proved that the content of important biologically active compounds and chemical composition of yakon grown under different conditions vary quite strongly. So our goal was to find the optimal soil and climatic conditions for growing exotic species and identify favorable conditions for the accumulation of macro and micronutrients. This paper defines the contents of 23 chemical elements in the leaves, roots, tubers and root peel of yakon. A high content of vital macro and trace elements, including selenium was found out. Gray forest ashed, roughly silty, easily loam soil was found to be the most suitable for growing exotic species new for Ukraine Polymnia sonchifolia Poepp. & Endl., from which the highest yield — 3.5 kg weight of underground parts (root tubers and rootstock) of the plant was obtained.

scholarly journals Protective effect of dehydroepiandrosterone against lipid peroxidation in a human liver cell line

1999 ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Gallo ◽  
M Aragno ◽  
V Gatto ◽  
E Tamagno ◽  
E Brignardello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Human Liver ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Threshold Concentration ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Human Liver Cell ◽  
Chang Liver

OBJECTIVE: Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a widely studied steroid hormone with multi-functional properties. Reports suggest that some of the many activities of DHEA are due to its protective effect against lipid peroxidation. Nevertheless, the antioxidant properties of DHEA are still the subject of debate. The aim was to evaluate whether its two opposed effects on lipid peroxidation reported in the literature may be dependent on schedule and doses used. METHODS: Chang liver cells, a line derived from normal human liver, were grown in media containing either no steroids (control) or DHEA at concentrations ranging from 0.1 micromol/l to 50 micromol/l. At specific times, cultures were halted and cells received a pro-oxidant stimulus (cumene (CuOOH) 0.5 mmol/l), at which time cell viability (by trypan blue staining and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) concentration (spectrophotometrical assay) were evaluated. RESULTS: At concentrations ranging from 0.1 micromol/l to 1 micromol/l, DHEA protects Chang liver cells against lipid peroxidation and/or death induced by cumene. This effect disappears if the concentration is increased to 10 micromol/l; at higher concentrations (50 micromol/l) a pro-oxidant/cytotoxic effect of DHEA appears. CONCLUSIONS: DHEA exhibits two opposed effects on lipid peroxidation; depending on its concentration it acts either to limit or to induce oxidative stress. The threshold concentration at which the pro-oxidant activity of DHEA prevails is not far in excess of that having an antioxidant effect. Either effect of DHEA on lipid peroxidation is only evident after a 'lag-phase'.

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