scholarly journals Batch and Flow Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Grape Stalks: Process Intensification Design up to a Multi-Kilo Scale

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 730
Author(s):  
Giorgio Grillo ◽  
Luisa Boffa ◽  
Salvatore Talarico ◽  
Roberto Solarino ◽  
Arianna Binello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Process Intensification ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Hyperbolic Model ◽  
Flow Mode ◽  
Bag Filter ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
Grape Stalks

Nowadays, approximately 1 billion kg/y of grape stalks, with a remarkable polyphenols content, are produced worldwide. In this paper, the extraction process intensification of polyphenols in water was achieved under ultrasound-assisted recovery, focusing on kinetics and scaling-up factors. Immersion and cup-horn systems were exploited as acoustic cavitation sources, and the total phenolic content (TPC) was chosen to assess the process efficiency. The kinetics were evaluated by Peleg’s hyperbolic model, and the effect of both the initial feedstock granulometry and ultrasound size-reduction were determined. The results were compared with conventional extraction methods (data analysis by ANOVA). The best polyphenols yield was obtained after 45 min of sonication, giving between 29.71 and 31.89 mg/g (gallic acid equivalents over the dry matter). The extracts were characterized using HPLC-DAD, UPLC-ESI-MS/MS, DPPH• assay (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), TEAC assay (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity), and proanthocyanidin content determination. The flow-mode extraction procedure of grape stalks (2 kg) was carried out in a 15 L reactor. A semi-industrial decanter unit and a bag-filter were the keys units of the downstream operations. The resulting particle-free solution underwent nanofiltration on a membrane pilot skid, providing a final polyphenols-enriched stream concentrated up to 355.91%, as shown by the antioxidant activity and TPC.

scholarly journals Phenolic Compounds Extraction of Arbutus unedo L.: Process Intensification by Microwave Pretreatment

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agostinho M. R. C. Alexandre ◽  
Ana A. Matias ◽  
Maria Rosário Bronze ◽  
Maria Jose Cocero ◽  
Rafael Mato
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Process Intensification ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Extraction Technology ◽  
Kinetic Evaluation ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Arbutus Unedo ◽  
Short Time

Arbutus unedo L., commonly known as the strawberry-tree fruit, is an endemic species of the Mediterranean flora. Microwave extraction technology has been considered as a fast and “green” method for the production of extracts rich in bioactive compounds, although the energy consumption is high. To overcome this bottleneck, microwave was used as a pretreatment procedure in short time periods. This technique promotes the burst of intracellular vacuoles leading to an increase in the lixiviation of phenolic compounds. Different approaches were tested, namely a solvent-free irradiation (SFI), a solvent-assisted irradiation (SAI) and a pressurized solvent-assisted irradiation (PSAI). After irradiation, a solid–liquid extraction procedure was performed using a mixture of water and ethanol. A kinetic evaluation of the total phenolic content (TPC) was performed using the Folin–Ciocalteu method. For the total anthocyanin content, a UV-spectrophotometric method was used. HPLC-UV and LC-MS were used for TPC and identification of present compounds. Microwave irradiation led to an increase in TPC of extracts after SAI (52%) and PSAI (66%) along with a reduction in time of extraction from 30 min to less than 2 min. The anthocyanin content also increased by 66% for the SAI and PSAI extractions.

scholarly journals Optimization of Ultrasound Assisted Extraction of Functional Ingredients from Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni Leaves

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Šic Žlabur ◽  
Sandra Voća ◽  
Nadica Dobričević ◽  
Mladen Brnčić ◽  
Filip Dujmić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Steviol Glycosides ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Probe Diameter ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted

Abstract The aim of the present study was to reveal an effective extraction procedure for maximization of the yield of steviol glycosides and total phenolic compounds as well as antioxidant activity in stevia extracts. Ultrasound assisted extraction was compared with conventional solvent extraction. The examined solvents were water (100°C/24 h) and 70% ethanol (at 70°C for 30 min). Qualitative and quantitative analyses of steviol glycosides in the extracts obtained were performed using high performance liquid chromatography. Total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and radical scavenging capacity by 2, 2-azino-di-3-ethylbenzothialozine- sulphonic acid) assay were also determined. The highest content of steviol glycosides, total phenolic compounds, and flavonoids in stevia extracts were obtained when ultrasound assisted extraction was used. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was correlated with the total amount of phenolic compounds. The results indicated that the examined sonication parameters represented as the probe diameter (7 and 22 mm) and treatment time (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 min) significantly contributed to the yield of steviol glycosides, total phenolic compounds, and flavonoids. The optimum conditions for the maximum yield of steviol glycosides, total phenolic compounds, and flavonoids were as follows: extraction time 10 min, probe diameter 22 mm, and temperature 81.2°C.

scholarly journals Optimizing Ultrasound-Assisted Deep Eutectic Solvent Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Chinese Wild Rice

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (15) ◽  
pp. 2718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Zeng ◽  
Yuqing Dou ◽  
Ning Yan ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Huaibao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Wild Rice ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Green Solvents ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted

In this study, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were used for the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of valuable bioactive compounds from Chinese wild rice (Zizania spp.). To this end, 7 different choline chloride (CC)-based DESs were tested as green extraction solvents. Choline chloride/1,4-butanediol (DES-2) exhibited the best extraction efficiency in terms of parameters such as the total flavonoid content (TFC), total phenolic content (TPC), and free radical scavenging capacity (DPPH● and ABTS●+). Subsequently, the UAE procedure using 76.6% DES-2 was also optimized: An extraction temperature of 51.2 °C and a solid–liquid ratio of 37.0 mg/mL were considered optimal by a Box–Behnken experiment. The optimized extraction procedure proved efficient for the extraction of 9 phenolic and 3 flavonoid compounds from Chinese wild rice as determined by quantification based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography–triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-QqQ-MS). This work, thus, demonstrates the possibility of customizing green solvents that offer greater extraction capacity than that of organic solvents.

scholarly journals Actinidia arguta Leaf as a Donor of Potentially Healthful Bioactive Compounds: Implications of Cultivar, Time of Sampling and Soil N Level

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3871
Author(s):  
Jan Stefaniak ◽  
Barbara Łata
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Development Phase ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Actinidia Arguta ◽  
N Level ◽  
N Fertility

The aim of this study was to assess the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant status of kiwiberry (Actinidia arguta) leaf under different N regimes tested three times in field conditions during the 2015 growing season in two cultivars (‘Weiki’ and ‘Geneva’). Leaf total antioxidant capacity using ABTS, DPPH and FRAP tests was evaluated in the years 2015 to 2017, which experienced different weather conditions. Both cultivars exhibited a significant fall in leaf L-ascorbic acid (L-AA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) as well as global content of these compounds during the growing season, while total phenolic contents slightly (‘Weiki’) or significantly (‘Geneva’) increased. There was a large fluctuation in antioxidative enzyme activity during the season. The correlation between individual antioxidants and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) depended on the plant development phase. The study revealed two peaks of an increase in TEAC at the start and end of the growing season. Leaf L-AA, global phenolics, APX, CAT and TEAC depended on the N level, but thiol compounds were not affected. Over the three years, TEAC decreased as soil N fertility increased, and the strength of the N effect was year dependent. The relationship between leaf N content and ABTS and FRAP tests was highly negative. The antioxidant properties of kiwiberry leaves were found to be closely related to the plant development phase and affected by soil N fertility.

scholarly journals Mathematical Modelling of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Kinetics of Bioactive Compounds from Artichoke By-Products

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 931
Author(s):  
Cristina Reche ◽  
Carmen Rosselló ◽  
Mónica M. Umaña ◽  
Valeria Eim ◽  
Susana Simal
Keyword(s):  
Power Density ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Yield Curves ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
Ultrasound Power

Valorization of an artichoke by-product, rich in bioactive compounds, by ultrasound-assisted extraction, is proposed. The extraction yield curves of total phenolic content (TPC) and chlorogenic acid content (CAC) in 20% ethanol (v/v) with agitation (100 rpm) and ultrasound (200 and 335 W/L) were determined at 25, 40, and 60 °C. A mathematical model considering simultaneous diffusion and convection is proposed to simulate the extraction curves and to quantify both temperature and ultrasound power density effects in terms of the model parameters variation. The effective diffusion coefficient exhibited temperature dependence (72% increase for TPC from 25 °C to 60 °C), whereas the external mass transfer coefficient and the equilibrium extraction yield depended on both temperature (72% and 90% increases for TPC from 25 to 60 °C) and ultrasound power density (26 and 51% increases for TPC from 0 (agitation) to 335 W/L). The model allowed the accurate curves simulation, the average mean relative error being 5.3 ± 2.6%. Thus, the need of considering two resistances in series to satisfactorily simulate the extraction yield curves could be related to the diffusion of the bioactive compound from inside the vegetable cells toward the intercellular volume and from there, to the liquid phase.

scholarly journals Phenolic Profiles and Antioxidant Activities of 30 Tea Infusions from Green, Black, Oolong, White, Yellow and Dark Teas

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cai-Ning Zhao ◽  
Guo-Yi Tang ◽  
Shi-Yu Cao ◽  
Xiao-Yu Xu ◽  
Ren-You Gan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Tea Infusions ◽  
Phenolic Profiles ◽  
Trolox Equivalent ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

Tea is among the most consumed drink worldwide, and its strong antioxidant activity is considered as the main contributor to several health benefits, such as cardiovascular protection and anticancer effect. In this study, the antioxidant activities of 30 tea infusions, which were obtained by the mimic of drinking tea of the public, from green, black, oolong, white, yellow and dark teas, were evaluated using ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assays, ranging from 504.80 ± 17.44 to 4647.47 ± 57.87 µmol Fe2+/g dry weight (DW) and 166.29 ± 24.48 to 2532.41 ± 50.18 µmol Trolox/g DW, respectively. Moreover, their total phenolic contents (TPC) were detected by Folin-Ciocalteu assay and were in the range of 24.77 ± 2.02 to 252.65 ± 4.74 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g DW. Generally, Dianqing Tea, Lushan Yunwu Tea, and Xihu Longjing Tea showed the strongest antioxidant activities among 30 teas. Furthermore, the phenolic compounds in tea infusions were identified and quantified, with catechins most commonly detected, especially in green tea infusions, which were main contributors to their antioxidant activities. Besides tea polyphenols, considerable content of caffeine also presented in 30 tea infusions.

scholarly journals Microwave-Assisted Extraction and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Grape Pomace

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassiano Brown da Rocha ◽  
Caciano Pelayo Zapata Noreña
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Grape Pomace ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted

AbstractThe grape pomace is a by-product from the industrial processing of grape juice, which can be used as a source of bioactive compounds. The aim of this study was to separate the phenolic compounds from grape pomace using an acidic aqueous solution with 2 % citric acid as a solvent, using both ultrasound-assisted extraction, with powers of 250, 350 and 450 W and times of 5, 10 and 15 min, and microwave-assisted extraction using powers of 600, 800 and 1,000 W and times of 5, 7 and 10 min. The results showed that for both methods of extraction, the contents of total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity by ABTS and DPPH increased with time, and microwave at 1,000 W for 10 min corresponded to the best extraction condition. However, the contents of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity were lower than exhaustive extraction using acidified methanol solution.

Investigation of antioxidant activity and analysis of phenolic compounds of some Asteraceae plants by HPLC: A comparison between Methanol and Ethanol extracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donia Anvari ◽  
Rashid Jamei
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Sinapic Acid ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Background: Medicinal and healing plants have been used in treating human diseases for centuries because of their therapeutic effects. They may assist in curing common ailments such as a multitude of skin problems, various disorders from muscle spasms to cuts and wounds. They can be used to relieve symptoms of different illnesses from a cold to some forms of arthritis or some allergies as well. The Asteraceae plant is a strong source of antimicrobial and antioxidant agents and this paper focuses on its specifications. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant potential and radical scavenging of different solvents (Methanol and Ethanol) of five species, i.e., Artemisia absinthium L., Arctium lappa L., Centaurea cyanus L., Silybum marianum L., and Echinops ritro L., belonging to the Asteraceae family. Methods: Methanol and ethanol extracts of the above plants were prepared. The obtained sections were evaluated for total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), chain-breaking activity (CBA), thiobarbituric acid (TBA), and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. Also, Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), Nitric oxide (NO) radical scavenging, Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) radical scavenging, and Superoxide (O2-) radical inhibition assay were measured. Phenolic compounds were determined and measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) as well. Results: The collected and analyzed data showed that the highest values for the TPC, TFC, TBA, and DPPH were related to methanol extract of A. lappa L. Moreover, the maximum values for the CBA, H2O2, and O2- were observed in the Ethanol extract of E. ritro L., while methanol extract of E. ritro L. showed the highest amount of FRAP and NO. Eventually, the highest value for TAC was related to A. absintium L., and it was also realized that methanol compared to ethanol solvent was more successful in the extraction procedure. Conclusions: These findings suggest that A. lappa L. and E. ritro L. extracts can be considered excellent natural antioxidant agents. The type of solvent can affect the extraction of phenolic compounds. Sinapic acid, as the highest level of phenolic acid, was found in S. marianum L.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Capacity and Total Phenolic Content in Fruit Tissues from Accessions ofCapsicum chinenseJacq. (Habanero Pepper) at Different Stages of Ripening

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizbeth A. Castro-Concha ◽  
Jemina Tuyub-Che ◽  
Angel Moo-Mukul ◽  
Felipe A. Vazquez-Flota ◽  
Maria L. Miranda-Ham
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Placental Tissue ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Habanero Pepper

In the past few years, there has been a renewed interest in studying a wide variety of food products that show beneficial effects on human health.Capsicumis an important agricultural crop, not only because its economic importance, but also for the nutritional values of its pods, mainly due to the fact that they are an excellent source of antioxidant compounds, and also of specific constituents such as the pungent capsaicinoids localized in the placental tissue. This current study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant capacity and total phenolic contents from fruits tissues of twoCapsicum chinenseaccessions, namely, Chak k’an-iik (orange) and MR8H (red), at contrasting maturation stages. Results showed that red immature placental tissue, with a Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) value of 55.59 μmols TE g−1 FW, exhibited the strongest total antioxidant capacity using both the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and the CUPRAC methods. Placental tissue also had the highest total phenolic content (27 g GAE 100 g−1 FW). The antioxidant capacity ofCapsicumwas directly related to the total amount of phenolic compounds detected. In particular, placentas had high levels of capsaicinoids, which might be the principal responsible for their strong antioxidant activities.

scholarly journals Agro-industrial waste as a source of bioactive compounds: ultrasound-assisted extraction from blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) and raspberry (Rubus idaeus) pomace

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e55564
Author(s):  
Suelen Siqueira dos Santos ◽  
Carolina Moser Paraíso ◽  
Letícia Misturini Rodrigues ◽  
Grasiele Scaramal Madrona
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
Conventional Extraction ◽  
Gallic Acid Equivalent

Blueberry and raspberry pomace are a rich source of bioactive compounds that have not been commercially utilized yet, and ultrasound-assisted technology can efficiently extract these compounds. Also, the use of water as a solvent added to the ultrasound-assisted technology improves this eco-friendly process. Therefore, an aqueous eco-friendly extraction, including extraction time and ultrasound presence or absence (conventional extraction) was performed in order to extract bioactive compounds from blueberry and raspberry pomace. Response parameters included levels of anthocyanins, phenolic compounds, and flavonoids, and antioxidant activity determined by DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP methods. Analysis of variance results indicated that ultrasound-assisted extraction for 45 min. was feasible to extract the bioactive compounds. The antioxidant content of the extract obtained by the ultrasound-assisted process was 1.4 times higher on average and the total phenolic concentration was 1.6 times higher (for blueberry 5.02 and for raspberry 2.53 mg gallic acid equivalent/g) compared with those obtained by the conventional process. Thus, the ultrasound-assisted extraction method can be a profitable alternative to extract bioactive compounds from blueberry and raspberry pomace, as it is energy efficient, requires fewer chemicals, and produces less effluent. This eco-friendly technology is therefore viable for food, nutraceutical, and cosmetic industries, and also for reducing food waste.

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