scholarly journals Isolation, Characterization, and Antioxidant Activity Evaluation of a Fucoidan from an Enzymatic Digest of the Edible Seaweed, Hizikia fusiforme

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Thilina U. Jayawardena ◽  
Hye-Won Yang ◽  
Hyo Geun Lee ◽  
Min-Cheol Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Edible Seaweed ◽  
In Vivo Test ◽  
Hizikia Fusiforme

The previous study suggested that the sulfated polysaccharides from Hizikia fusiforme (HFPS) possess strong antioxidant activity. The purpose of this study is to isolate fucoidan from HFPS and to investigate its antioxidant activity. A fucoidan (HFPS-F4) with a molecular weight of 102.67 kDa was isolated from HFPS. HFPS-F4 contains 99.01% of fucoidan (71.79 ± 0.56% of carbohydrate and 27.22 ± 0.05% of sulfate content). The fucoidan increased the viability of H2O2-treated Vero cells by 5.41, 11.17, and 16.32% at the concentration of 12.5, 25, and 50 μg/mL, respectively. Further results demonstrated that this effect act diminishing apoptosis by scavenging intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) via increasing the expression of the endogenous antioxidant enzymes, which was induced by elevating total nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) levels. In addition, the in vivo test results displayed that the pretreatment of fucoidan improved the survival rates and decreased heart-beating rate, ROS, cell death, and lipid peroxidation in H2O2-stimulated zebrafish. Taken together, these results demonstrated that fucoidan isolated from HFPS has strong in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities and it could be utilized in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmeceutical industries.

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Antioxidant Activities of Polysaccharides Isolated from Celluclast-Assisted Extract of an Edible Brown Seaweed, Sargassum fulvellum

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Jae Young Oh ◽  
Jin Hwang ◽  
Jae Young Ko ◽  
You-Jin Jeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Enzymatic Digestion ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Proapoptotic Protein ◽  
Sargassum Fulvellum

It has been reported that enzymatic digestion of algae could improve the yield and enhance the biological activity compared to water and organic extraction. Our previous research indicated that Celluclast-assisted extract of Sargassum fulvellum (SF) possessed higher carbohydrate content and stronger antioxidant activity compared to water and other enzyme-assisted extracts. In the present study, we evaluated the antioxidant activities of polysaccharides from SF (SFPS) in vitro in Vero cells and in vivo in zebrafish. SFPS was obtained by Celluclast-assisted hydrolysis and ethanol precipitation. Results showed that SFPS contained 74.55 ± 1.26% sulfated polysaccharides and effectively scavenged 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl, and alkyl radicals. SFPS significantly and dose-dependently scavenged intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and improved cell viability. Further studies indicated that SFPS reduced apoptotic body formation through downregulation of proapoptotic protein (Bax and cleaved caspase-3) levels and upregulation of antiapoptotic protein (Bcl-xL and PARP) levels in 2,2-azobis(2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride (AAPH)-treated Vero cells. In addition, SFPS showed strong protective effect against AAPH-stimulated oxidative stress in vivo in zebrafish, as demonstrated by the improved survival rate, reduced heart rate, and decrease in ROS, cell death, and lipid peroxidation levels. These results suggest that SFPS possesses strong in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity and can be a potential ingredient in the pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical industries.

scholarly journals An Overview of Structural Aspects and Health Beneficial Effects of Antioxidant Oligosaccharides

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (16) ◽  
pp. 1759-1777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiane F. Vieira ◽  
Rúbia C. G. Corrêa ◽  
Rosely A. Peralta ◽  
Regina F. Peralta-Muniz-Moreira ◽  
Adelar Bracht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Monosaccharide Composition ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
In Vivo Studies

Background: Non-digestible oligosaccharides are versatile sources of chemical diversity, well known for their prebiotic actions, found naturally in plants or produced by chemical or enzymatic synthesis or by hydrolysis of polysaccharides. Compared to polyphenols or even polysaccharides, the antioxidant potential of oligosaccharides is still unexplored. The aim of the present work was to provide an up-to-date, broad and critical contribution on the topic of antioxidant oligosaccharides. Methods: The search was performed by crossing the words oligosaccharides and antioxidant. Whenever possible, attempts at establishing correlations between chemical structure and antioxidant activity were undertaken. Results: The most representative in vitro and in vivo studies were compiled in two tables. Chitooligosaccharides and xylooligosaccharides and their derivatives were the most studied up to now. The antioxidant activities of oligosaccharides depend on the degree of polymerization and the method used for depolymerization. Other factors influencing the antioxidant strength are solubility, monosaccharide composition, the type of glycosidic linkages of the side chains, molecular weight, reducing sugar content, the presence of phenolic groups such as ferulic acid, and the presence of uronic acid, among others. Modification of the antioxidant capacity of oligosaccharides has been achieved by adding diverse organic groups to their structures, thus increasing also the spectrum of potentially useful molecules. Conclusion: A great amount of high-quality evidence has been accumulating during the last decade in support of a meaningful antioxidant activity of oligosaccharides and derivatives. Ingestion of antioxidant oligosaccharides can be visualized as beneficial to human and animal health.

scholarly journals Selenylation Modification of Atractylodes macrocephala Polysaccharide and Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranran Hou ◽  
Qiu Li ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
Yuanliang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
Ftir Spectrometry ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Selenylation Modification ◽  
Atractylodes Macrocephala

The Atractylodes macrocephala polysaccharide (AMP) was extracted by water extracting-alcohol precipitating method and further purified by DEAE column. After that, the polysaccharides were modified by nitric acid-sodium selenite method, and nine kinds of selenizing AMPs (sAMPs) were obtained, namely, from sAMP1 to sAMP9. AMP and sAMP were characterized using FTIR spectrometry. Then their antioxidant activities in vitro were measured by free radical-scavenging test. Among these, sAMP6 presented the strongest antioxidant effect. For the test in vivo, the chickens at day 14 vaccinated with ND vaccine were repeatedly vaccinated at day 28. The chickens in sAMP and AMP were injected respectively with 1 mg of sAMP6 and AMP and, in vaccination control (VC) and BC groups, injected with equal volume of normal saline. Respectively, after the first vaccine, on days 7, 14, 21, and 28, the serum GSH-Px and SOD activities and MDA content were determined. The results suggested that sAMP6 could significantly promote GSH-Px and SOD activities and decrease MDA content. All these results indicated that selenylation modification could significantly enhance the antioxidant activity of AMP.

scholarly journals Ramalin, a Novel Phenyl Hydrazide from the Lichen Ramalina Terebrata; Isolation, Total Synthesis and Biological Activities

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Durga Prasad Pandey ◽  
Hari Datta Bhattarai
Keyword(s):  
Total Synthesis ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
In Vivo Test ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Industrial Scale Production

Ramalin, a new L-glutamic acid derivative of phenylhydrazide (Y-glutamyl-N'-(2-hydroxyphenyl) hydrazide, 1) was isolated from the Antarctic lichen, Ramalina terebrata after a series of bioactivity guided fractionation of crude aqueous methanolic extract. Ramalin showed stronger antioxidant activities than commercially available standards, ascorbic acid, trolox, BHA, kojic acid in both, in vitro and in vivo test systems. In addition, ramalin showed no/less toxicity effects against two human cell lines; fibroblast (CCD-986SK) cells and keratinocyte (HaCaT). Thus, realign merits for cosmetic application and industrial scale production were needed. We developed a cost effective total synthesis of ramalin with 71.5% yield and described here.

scholarly journals A Review of Recent Studies on the Antioxidant Activities of a Third-Millennium Food: Amaranthus spp.

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1236
Author(s):  
Seon-Joo Park ◽  
Anshul Sharma ◽  
Hae-Jeung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Bioactive Peptides ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Amaranth Species ◽  
Amaranthus Spp

Amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) plant commonly refers to the sustainable food crop for the 21st century. The crop has witnessed significant attention in recent years due to its high nutritional value and agronomic advantages. It is a relatively well-balanced cosmopolitan food that is a protector against chronic diseases. Usually, the antioxidant activities of amaranth are held responsible for its defensive behavior. Antioxidant activity of plants, generally, is attributed to their phytochemical compounds. The current interest, however, lies in hydrolysates and bioactive peptides because of their numerous biological functions, including antioxidant effect. While the importance of bioactive peptides has been progressively recognized, an integrated review of recent studies on the antioxidant ability of amaranth species, especially their hydrolysates and peptides has not been generated. Hence, in this review, we summarize studies focused on the antioxidant capacity of amaranth renewal over the period 2015–2020. It starts with a background and overall image of the amaranth-related published reviews. The current research focusing on in vitro, in vivo, and chemical assays-based antioxidant activity of different amaranth species are addressed. Finally, the last segment includes the latest studies concerning free radical scavenging activity and metal chelation capacity of amaranth protein hydrolysates and bioactive peptides.

scholarly journals Evaluation of in vitro and in vivo Antiplasmodial Activity of the Leaf Latex of Aloe Weloensis (Aloaceae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gedefaw Getnet Amare ◽  
Tadesse Awgichew ◽  
Solomon Ahmed ◽  
Zemene Demelash Kifle
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Pack Cell Volume ◽  
Curative Effect ◽  
Parasitemia Level ◽  
Dose Dependent

Abstract Background: Nature has gifted a variety of plants having potential effect against plasmodium parasites. The present study was aimed to determine in vitro and in vivo antimalarial activity of the leaf latex of Aloe weloensis.Methods: In vitro antimalarial activity of the leaf latex of A. weloensis was determined against 3D7 strain of P. falciparum. Antimalarial activity of the three doses the latex was evaluated in 4 day-suppressive and curative models against P. berghei infected mice. Antioxidant activity of the leaf latex of A. weloensis was assessed in 2,2- diphenyl 1- picrylhydrazine assay model. Results: Antioxidant activity of the latex was concentration dependent; the strongest inhibition was measured at 400 μg/mL (73.54%). The leaf latex of A. weloensis was demonstrated inhibitory activity against 3D7 malarial strain (IC50 = 9.14 μg/ml). Suppressive and curative effect of the latex was found to be dose dependent. Parasitemia reduction was significant (200 mg/kg, p<0.01, 400 and ,600 mg/kg, p<0.001) in 4-day suppressive test compared to vehicle control. Parasitemia level of the mice treated with 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg doses of the latex significantly (p<0.001) reduced with suppression of 36%, 58% and 64% respectively in curative test. Administration of the leaf latex of A. weloensis significantly (p<0.01) improved mean survival time, pack cell volume, rectal temperature and body weight of P. berghei infected mice. Conclusion: The finding showed that the leaf latex of Aloe weloensis endowed prominent antimalarial and antioxidant activities. The result can serve as a step towards the development of safe and effective herbal therapy against plasmodium parasites.

scholarly journals Identification of phenolic secondary metabolites from Schotia brachypetala Sond. (Fabaceae) and demonstration of their antioxidant activities in Caenorhabditis elegans

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Sobeh ◽  
Esraa A ElHawary ◽  
Herbenya Peixoto ◽  
Rola M Labib ◽  
Heba Handoussa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Flavonoid Glycosides ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
C Elegans

Background: Schotia brachypetala Sond. (Fabaceae) is an endemic tree of Southern Africa whose phytochemistry and pharmacology were slightly studied.The present work aimed at profiling the major phenolics compounds present in the hydro-alcoholic extract from S. brachypetala leaves (SBE) using LC/HRESI/MS/MS and NMR and prove their antioxidant capabilities using novel methods. Methods: In vitro assays; DPPH, TEAC persulfate decolorizing kinetic and FRAP assays, and in vivo assays: Caenorhabditis elegans strains maintenance, Intracellular ROS in C. elegans, Survival assay, GFP expression and Subcellular DAF-16 localization were employed to evaluate the antioxidant activity. Results: More than forty polyphenols ,including flavonoid glycosides, galloylated flavonoid glycosides, isoflavones, dihydrochalcones, procyanidins, anthocyanins, hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives, hydrolysable tannins, and traces of methylated and acetylated flavonoid derivatives were identified. Three compounds were isolated and identified from the genus Schotia for the first time, namely gallic acid, myricetin-3-O-α-L-1C4-rhamnoside and quercetin-3-O-L-1C4-rhamnoside.The tested extract was able to protect the worms against juglone induced oxidative stress and attenuate the reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. SBE was also able to attenuate the levels of heat shock protein (HSP) expression. Discussion: A pronounced antioxidant activity in vivo, which can be attributed to its ability to promote the nuclear translocation of DAF-16/FOXO, the main transcription factor regulating the expression of stress response genes. The remarkable antioxidant activity in vitro and in vivo correlates to SBE rich phenolic profile.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial, antioxidant activities and toxicity on Cavia porcellus of Dialium angolense Welw. Ex Oliv, a traditional medicinal plant from Bagira in Eastern of DR Congo

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-180
Author(s):  
Bashige Chiribagula V ◽  
Bakari Amuri S ◽  
Okusa Ndjolo Philippe ◽  
Kahumba Byanga J ◽  
Duez P ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Cavia Porcellus ◽  
E Coli

Dialium angolense is used in Bagira for its various medicinal properties particularly in the management of infectious diseases. In this study, the methanol and aqueous extracts of leaves and fruits were evaluated for their in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial properties and their in vivo toxicity on Cavia porcellus. The major phytochemical classes of extracts were screened using standard in-tube reactions. The antimicrobial study was tested on Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae using agar well diffusion and dilution methods, while the antioxidant activity was evaluated by a DPPH assay. For the acute toxicity study, animals (6/group) were orally given in a single dose 5000, 1000 or 15000 mg of extract/kg body weight (BW) then observed for 14 days. In sub-acute toxicity assays, 150 or 300 mg/kg BW/day were orally given, and animals observed for 28 days. Total phenolics and total flavonoids contents ranged 1.19 to 1.61 mg GAE.g-1 and 0.45 to 1.01 mg QEg-1, respectively. The extracts presented antioxidant activity with IC50 ranging 4.9 to 6.9 µg/mL. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) on tested strains ranged from 1.9 to 500 µg/mL with the aqueous extract of fruits as a most active extract: MIC=1.9 µg/mL on E. coli and C. albicans. No signs of toxicity were noted during the acute and sub-acute toxicity assessments, suggesting a maximal tolerate doses (MDT) and LD50 > 15000 mg/kg BW. This study highlights the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Dialium angolense and suggests that further studies be directed towards the isolation of active compounds.

scholarly journals Investigation of Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Activity, and the Effects of Alfalfa Flavonoids on Growth Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Si Chen ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Qi An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group

The flavonoids were extracted from alfalfa using ethanol assisted with ultrasonic extraction and purified by D101 macroporous resin column chromatography. The chemical composition and content of ethanol elution fractions (EEFs) were assessed by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography and hybrid quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS) and aluminum nitrate-sodium nitrite-sodium hydroxide colorimetric method. The in vitro antioxidant activity of two EEFs was conducted by scavenging DPPH free radical, and the main antioxidants of 75% EEFs were screened using DPPH-UHPLC. Moreover, the in vivo antioxidant activity of 75% EEFs and the growth performance of broilers were studied. The results showed that the content of 30% and 75% EEFs was 26.20% and 62.57%. Fifteen compounds were identified from 75% EEFs, and five of them were reported in alfalfa for the first time. The scavenging activity of 75% and 30% EEFs (200 μg/mL) against DPPH was 95.51% and 78.85%. The peak area of 5,3′,4′-trihydroxyflavone and hyperoside was decreased by 82.69% and 76.04%, which exhibited strong scavenging capacities. The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) level of three treated groups against the normal control group (NC) fed with basal diet significantly increased by 3.89-24.49%, 0.53-7.39%, and 0.79-11.79%, respectively. While the malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased by 0.47-18.27%. Compared with the NC, the feed to gain ratio (F : G) of three treated groups was lowered by 2.98-16.53% and survival rate of broilers significantly increased. Consequently, 75% EEFs extracted from alfalfa exhibited powerful antioxidant activities and might be a potential feed additive to poultry and livestock.

scholarly journals Characterization, Antioxidant, Anti-Aging and Organ Protective Effects of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Flammulina velutipes

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (19) ◽  
pp. 3517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangfang Yuan ◽  
Zheng Gao ◽  
Wenbo Liu ◽  
Huaping Li ◽  
Yiwen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Average Molecular Weight ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Flammulina Velutipes ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Characteristic Functional

As an irreversible and complex degenerative physiological process, the treatment for aging seems strategically necessary, and polysaccharides play important roles against aging owing to their abundant bioactivities. In this paper, the antioxidant and anti-aging activities of Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides (FPS) and its sulfated FPS (SFPS) on d-galactose-induced aging mice were investigated. The in vitro antioxidant activities demonstrated that SFPS had strong reducing power and superior scavenging effects on 2, 2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radicals and the chelating activities of Fe2+. The in vivo animal experiments manifested that the SFPS showed superior antioxidant and protective abilities against the d-galactose-induced aging by increasing the antioxidant enzyme activities, decreasing lipid peroxidation, improving the inflammatory response and ameliorating the anile condition of mice. Furthermore, the structural analysis of SFPS was investigated through FT-IR, NMR, and HPLC analysis, and the results indicated that SFPS was a homogeneous heteropolysaccharide with a weight-average molecular weight of 2.81 × 103 Da. Furthermore, SFPS has also changed in characteristic functional groups and monosaccharide composition compared to FPS. These results suggested that sulfated modification could enhance the anti-oxidation, anti-aging and protective activities of F. velutipes polysaccharides, which may provide references for the development of functional foods and natural medicines.

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