scholarly journals Neuroprotective Mechanisms of Three Natural Antioxidants on a Rat Model of Parkinson’s Disease: A Comparative Study

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyubka P. Tancheva ◽  
Maria I. Lazarova ◽  
Albena V. Alexandrova ◽  
Stela T. Dragomanova ◽  
Ferdinando Nicoletti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Biochemical Assays ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Improved Learning ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine

We compared the neuroprotective action of three natural bio-antioxidants (AOs): ellagic acid (EA), α-lipoic acid (LA), and myrtenal (Myrt) in an experimental model of Parkinson’s disease (PD) that was induced in male Wistar rats through an intrastriatal injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). The animals were divided into five groups: the sham-operated (SO) control group; striatal 6-OHDA-lesioned control group; and three groups of 6-OHDA-lesioned rats pre-treated for five days with EA, LA, and Myrt (50 mg/kg; intraperitoneally- i.p.), respectively. On the 2nd and the 3rd week post lesion, the animals were subjected to several behavioral tests: apomorphine-induced rotation; rotarod; and the passive avoidance test. Biochemical evaluation included assessment of main oxidative stress parameters as well as dopamine (DA) levels in brain homogenates. The results showed that all three test compounds improved learning and memory performance as well as neuromuscular coordination. Biochemical assays showed that all three compounds substantially decreased lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels, and restored catalase (CAT) activity and DA levels that were impaired by the challenge with 6-OHDA. Based on these results, we can conclude that the studied AOs demonstrate properties that are consistent with significant antiparkinsonian effects. The most powerful neuroprotective effect was observed with Myrt, and this work represents the first demonstration of its anti-Parkinsonian impact.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF SESAMOL IN ASSOCIATION WITH FOLIC ACID ON 6-OHDA INDUCED PARKINSONIAN ANIMALS- BIOCHEMICAL, NEUROCHEMICAL AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL EVIDENCE

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khadira Sereen ◽  
Vijayalakshmi K ◽  
Priya Nagappan ◽  
Shinu Balima
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Biochemical Parameter ◽  
Lesion Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tbars Level ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine

Objective: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the world’s second neurodegenerative disorder. Degeneration of dopaminergic neurons is the hallmark of the disease. Here is a novel approach to treat PD with a phenolic compound Sesamol (SA) and in combination with Folic acid (FA).Methods: The study was designed with five groups of animals and 6 rats in each group. The rats was infused with 6-hydroxydopamine (10μg/2μl in 0.1% ascorbic acid saline) once for the development of PD, Group 1(control), Group 2(Lesion), Group 3(Lesion+ SA), Group 4(Lesion + SA+ FA) and Group 5(Lesion+ L-dopa). The biochemical parameter like glucose, triglycerides, protein, folic acid, TBARS and antioxidant profile in serum were estimated. The neurotransmitters level in striatum was estimated and histopathology of striatum and mid-brain tissues was carried out.Results: The results showed that 6-hydroxydopamine induced lesion has a significant alteration in the level of glucose, triglycerides, protein and folic acid where as TBARS level was elevated and the activities of antioxidants and neurotransmitters level were reduced. This was significantly restored on SA+FA treatment. The lesion group shows an abnormal architecture of striatum and mid-brain, whereas on SA+FA treatment there was minimal abnormality.Conclusion: Thus our study demonstrates that Sesamol has neuroprotective effect against 6-hydroxy dopamine insult and showed a synergic effect when combined with Folic acid.Keywords: Parkinson’s disease, Sesamol, Folic acid, 6-Hydroxy dopamine, Neurotransmitter, Antioxidant

scholarly journals Effects of crocin on brain oxidative damage and aversive memory in a 6-OHDA model of Parkinson’s disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (9) ◽  
pp. 723-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z Rajaei ◽  
M Hosseini ◽  
H Alaei
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Medial Forebrain Bundle ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine

ABSTRACT The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of crocin on brain oxidative damage and memory deficits in a 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) model of Parkinson’s disease. Male Wistar rats were subjected to unilateral injection of 6-OHDA (16 µg) into the medial forebrain bundle and treated with crocin (30 and 60 mg/kg) for six weeks. The rats were tested for memory performance at six weeks after 6-OHDA infusion, and then were killed for the estimation of biochemical parameters. The increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and nitrite levels in the hippocampus were observed in the 6-OHDA lesioned rats, which was accompanied by memory deficits in a passive avoidance test at the end of week 6. Moreover, treatment with crocin decreased TBARS and nitrite levels in the hippocampus, and improved aversive memory. The present study conclusively demonstrated that crocin acts as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent in the hippocampus of parkinsonian rats and could improve aversive memory through its properties.

scholarly journals Neuroprotective Effect of Intrastriatal Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester Treatment in 6-OH Dopamine Model of Parkinson’s Disease in Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Burak Cem Soner ◽  
Eda Acikgoz ◽  
Salim Yalcin Inan ◽  
Sule Ayla ◽  
Ayse Saide Sahin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester ◽  
Adhesive Tape ◽  
Behavioral Studies ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, and the main cause of PD is still not known. Until now, no cure for Parkinson’s disease is yet in sight. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a polyphenolic component of the propolis, which can be derived from honeybee hive propolis. We aimed to determine the effect of intrastriatal CAPE administration as a neuroprotective agent on 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced PD model. Adult male Wistar rats weighing 280–320 g were used. The PD model was induced with unilateral intrastriatal 6-OHDA injection. Treatment groups received 20 μmol/5 μL/4 day and 80 μmol/5 μL/4 day CAPE 24 h after 6-OHDA injection. Eight days after 6-OHDA application, behavioral studies (adhesive tape removal test, open-field test, cylinder test, and apomorphine-induced asymmetric rotational behavior) were performed once more to compare the effects of CAPE on behavior tests. Striatal histological verifications, immunohistochemistry, and stereological quantitation were performed. Our results for the first time showed that, besides improving the motor performance, CAPE treatment also prevents 6-OHDA-induced loss of TH-positive neurons. From our results, CAPE may be a promising clinical agent in the treatment of PD.

Neuroprotective effect of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cell secretome in 6-OHDA-induced Parkinson's disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhruv Mahendru ◽  
Ashish Jain ◽  
Seema Bansal ◽  
Deepti Malik ◽  
Neha Dhir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Behavioral Parameters ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine

Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of bone marrow stem cell secretome in the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) model of Parkinson's disease. Materials & methods: Secretome prepared from mesenchymal stem cells of 3-month-old rats was injected daily for 7 days between days 7 and 14 after 6-OHDA administration. After 14 days, various neurobehavioral parameters were conducted. These behavioral parameters were further correlated with biochemical and molecular findings. Results & conclusion: Impaired neurobehavioral parameters and increased inflammatory, oxidative stress and apoptotic markers in the 6-OHDA group were significantly modulated by secretome-treated rats. In conclusion, mesenchymal stem cells-derived secretome could be further explored for the management of Parkinson's disease.

Mildronate as a Regulator of Protein Expression in a Rat Model of Parkinson’s Disease

Medicina ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergejs Isajevs ◽  
Darja Isajeva ◽  
Ulrika Beitnere ◽  
Baiba Jansone ◽  
Ivars Kalvinsh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Substantia Nigra ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Western Blot Assay ◽  
Neural Cell Adhesion ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine ◽  
Cardioprotective Drug

Background. Mildronate (3-[2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium] propionate dihydrate) traditionally is a well-known cardioprotective drug. However, our recent studies convincingly demonstrated its neuroprotective properties. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of mildronate on the expression of proteins that are involved in the differentiation and survival of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons in the rat model of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The following biomarkers were used: heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70, a molecular chaperone), glial cell line-derived nerve growth factor (GDNF, a growth factor promoting neuronal differentiation, regeneration, and survival), and neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM). Material and Methods. PD was modeled by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) unilateral intrastriatal injection in rats. Mildronate was administered at doses of 10, 20, and 50 mg/kg for 2 weeks intraperitoneally before 6-OHDA injection. Rat brains were dissected on day 28 after discontinuation of mildronate injections. The expression of biomarkers was assessed immunohistochemically and by Western blot assay. Results. 6-OHDA decreased the expression of Hsp70 and GDNF in the lesioned striatum and substantia nigra, whereas in mildronate-pretreated (20 and 50 mg/kg) rats, the expression of Hsp70 and GDNF was close to the control group values. NCAM expression also was decreased by 6-OHDA in the striatum and it was totally protected by mildronate at a dose of 50 mg/kg. In contrast, in the substantia nigra, 6-OHDA increased the expression of NCAM, while mildronate pretreatment (20 and 50 mg/kg) reversed the 6-OHDA-induced overexpression of NCAM close to the control values. Conclusion. The obtained data showed that mildronate was capable to regulate the expression of proteins that play a role in the homeostasis of neuro-glial processes.

scholarly journals Effects of Hypericum perforatum on turning behavior in an animal model of Parkinson's disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora Dalla Vecchia ◽  
Marissa Giovanna Schamne ◽  
Marcelo Machado Ferro ◽  
Ana Flávia Chaves dos Santos ◽  
Camila Lupepsa Latyki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Hypericum Perforatum ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Turning Behavior ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Lesion Side ◽  
6 Hydroxydopamine

Parkinson's disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the slow and progressive death of dopaminergic neurons in the (substantia nigra pars compact). Hypericum perforatum (H. perforatum) is a plant widely used as an antidepressant, that also presents antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We evaluated the effects of H. perforatum on the turning behavior of rats submitted to a unilateral administration of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the medial forebrain bundle as an animal model of PD. The animals were treated with H. perforatum (100, 200, or 400 mg/kg, v.o.) for 35 consecutive days (from the 28th day before surgery to the 7th day after). The turning behavior was evaluated at 7, 14 and 21 days after the surgery, and the turnings were counted as contralateral or ipsilateral to the lesion side. All tested doses significantly reduced the number of contralateral turns in all days of evaluation, suggesting a neuroprotective effect. However, they were not able to prevent the 6-OHDA-induced decrease of tyrosine hydroxylase expression in the lesioned striatum. We propose that H. perforatum may counteract the overexpression of dopamine receptors on the lesioned striatum as a possible mechanism for this effect. The present findings provide new evidence that H. perforatum may represent a promising therapeutic tool for PD.

scholarly journals Pentoxifylline Neuroprotective Effects Are Possibly Related to Its Anti-Inflammatory and TNF-Alpha Inhibitory Properties, in the 6-OHDA Model of Parkinson’s Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Rose Tavares Neves ◽  
Hélio Vitoriano Nobre ◽  
Luzia Kalyne A. M. Leal ◽  
Geanne Matos de Andrade ◽  
Gerly Anne de Castro Brito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Neuronal Viability ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Pentoxifylline (PTX) is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor with anti-TNF-alpha activity, associated with its anti-inflammatory action. Considering Parkinson’s disease (PD) as a neuroinflammatory disorder, the objectives were to evaluate PTX neuroprotective properties, in a model of PD. Male Wistar rats, divided into sham-operated (SO), untreated 6-OHDA, and 6-OHDA treated with PTX (10, 25, and 50 mg/kg) groups, received a unilateral 6-OHDA injection, except the SO group administered with saline. Treatments started 24 h after surgery and continued for 15 days when the animals were submitted to apomorphine-induced rotations, open field, and forced swimming tests. At the next day, they were euthanized and their striata processed for neurochemical (DA and DOPAC determinations), histological, and immunohistochemical (Fluoro-Jade, TH, DAT, OX-42, TNF-alpha, COX-2, and iNOS) studies. PTX reversed the behavioral changes observed in the untreated 6-OHDA animals. Furthermore, PTX partially reversed the decrease in DA contents and improved neuronal viability. In addition, decreases in immunostaining for TH and dopamine transporter (DAT) were reversed. The untreated 6-OHDA group showed intense OX-42, TNF-alpha, COX-2, and iNOS immunoreactivities, which were attenuated by PTX. In conclusion, we demonstrated a neuroprotective effect of PTX, possibly related to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions, indicating its potential as an adjunct treatment for PD.

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