scholarly journals Nutritional Importance of Carotenoids and Their Effect on Liver Health: A Review

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Inés Elvira-Torales ◽  
Javier García-Alonso ◽  
María Jesús Periago-Castón
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Liver Health ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

The consumption of carotenoids has beneficial effects on health, reducing the risk of certain forms of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and macular degeneration, among others. The mechanism of action of carotenoids has not been clearly identified; however, it has been associated with the antioxidant capacity of carotenoids, which acts against reactive oxygen species and inactivating free radicals, although it has also been shown that carotenoids modulate gene expression. Dietary carotenoids are absorbed and accumulated in the liver and other organs, where they exert their beneficial effects. In recent years, it has been described that the intake of carotenoids can significantly reduce the risk of suffering from liver diseases, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This disease is characterized by an imbalance in lipid metabolism producing the accumulation of fat in the hepatocyte, leading to lipoperoxidation, followed by oxidative stress and inflammation. In the first phases, the main treatment of NAFLD is to change the lifestyle, including dietary habits. In this sense, carotenoids have been shown to have a hepatoprotective effect due to their ability to reduce oxidative stress and regulate the lipid metabolism of hepatocytes by modulating certain genes. The objective of this review was to provide a description of the effects of dietary carotenoids from fruits and vegetables on liver health.

Lactobacillus plantarum NCU116 improves liver function, oxidative stress and lipid metabolism in rats with high fat diet induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 3216-3223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuan Li ◽  
Shao-Ping Nie ◽  
Ke-Xue Zhu ◽  
Qiao Ding ◽  
Chang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Possible mechanisms underlying how Lactobacillus plantarum NCU116 improves lipid metabolism in rats with high fat diet induced NAFLD.

scholarly journals Phytotherapy as Multi-Hit Therapy to Confront the Multiple Pathophysiology in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review of Experimental Interventions

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 822
Author(s):  
Ayokanmi Ore ◽  
Oluseyi Adeboye Akinloye
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), or metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), is a metabolic condition distinguished by fat deposition in the hepatocytes. It has a prevalence of about 25% worldwide and is associated with other conditions such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension, etc. Background and Objectives: There is currently no approved drug therapy for NAFLD. Current measures in the management of NAFLD include lifestyle modification such as an increase in physical activity or weight loss. Development of NAFLD involves a number of parallel hits: including genetic predisposition, insulin resistance, disordered lipid metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, lipotoxicity, oxidative stress, etc. Herbal therapy may have a role to play in the treatment of NAFLD, due to their numerous bioactive constituents and the multiple pharmacological actions they exhibit. Therefore, this systematic review aims to investigate the potential multi-targeting effects of plant-derived extracts in experimental models of NAFLD. Materials and Methods: We performed a systematic search on databases and web search engines from the earliest available date to 30 April 2021, using relevant keywords. The study included articles published in English, assessing the effects of plant-derived extracts, fractions, or polyherbal mixtures in the treatment of NAFLD in animal models. These include their effects on at least disordered lipid metabolism, insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and histologically confirmed steatosis with one or more of the following: oxidative stress, inflammation, hepatocyte injury, obesity, fibrosis, and cardiometabolic risks factors. Results: Nine articles fulfilled our inclusion criteria and the results demonstrated the ability of phytomedicines to simultaneously exert therapeutic actions on multiple targets related to NAFLD. Conclusions: These findings suggest that herbal extracts have the potential for effective treatment or management of NAFLD.

scholarly journals The problem of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis: from the unity of pathogenesis to the possibility of ursodeoxycholic acid correction

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-100
Author(s):  
N. B. Gubergrits ◽  
T. L. Mozhyna ◽  
N. V. Byelyayeva
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Ursodeoxycholic Acid ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common liver pathologies, the prevalence of which is steadily increasing worldwide. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is another group of common diseases that have similar pathophysiological mechanisms with NAFLD. CVD and NAFLD occur against the background of metabolic syndrome, systemic insulin resistance, oxidative stress, altered lipid metabolism. The course of both diseases predisposes to the development of endothelial dysfunction and formation/instability of atherosclerotic plaques. The progression of NAFLD is associated with an increase of the thickness of intima-media complex and calcification of coronary arteries, which is accompanied by an increased risk of subclinical and clinically significant atherosclerosis development. Patients with NAFLD have a high cardiovascular risk, the maximum increase of which should be expected in patients with severe fibrosis (F3–F4 on the NAFLD Fibrosis Score scale). Ursodeoxycholic acid reduces the severity of systemic inflammatory response and oxidative stress, improves lipid metabolism, increases the hypolipidemic effect of statins, reduces the degree of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, inhibits the formation of atherosclerotic plaques, has vasodilating effect. The presence of significant pleiotropic properties in combination with apparent cytoprotective, choleretic, antiapoptic, anticholestatic, immunomodulatory activity allows to include ursodeoxycholic acid in NAFLD treatment, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in order to reduce the clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis and prevent CVD progression.

New therapy for fatty liver

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Tanita Suttichaimongkol
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Liver Insulin Resistance ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Related Mortality

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a leading cause of death from liver cirrhosis, endstage liver disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma. It is also associated with increased cardiovasculardisease and cancer related mortality. While lifestyle modifications are the mainstay of treatment,only a proportion of patients are able to make due to difficult to achieve and maintain, and so moretreatment options are required such as pharmacotherapy. This review presents the drugs used inmanaging NAFLD and their pharmacologic targets. Therapies are currently directed towards improvingthe metabolic status of the liver, insulin resistance, cell oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation orfibrosis. Several agents are now in large clinical trials and within the next few years, the availability oftherapeutic options for NAFLD will be approved.     Keywords: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis  

scholarly journals How does hepatic lipid accumulation lead to lipotoxicity in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease?

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-35
Author(s):  
Yana Geng ◽  
Klaas Nico Faber ◽  
Vincent E. de Meijer ◽  
Hans Blokzijl ◽  
Han Moshage
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Lipid Uptake ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Lipid Species ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), characterized as excess lipid accumulation in the liver which is not due to alcohol use, has emerged as one of the major health problems around the world. The dysregulated lipid metabolism creates a lipotoxic environment which promotes the development of NAFLD, especially the progression from simple steatosis (NAFL) to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Purposeand Aim This review focuses on the mechanisms of lipid accumulation in the liver, with an emphasis on the metabolic fate of free fatty acids (FFAs) in NAFLD and presents an update on the relevant cellular processes/mechanisms that are involved in lipotoxicity. The changes in the levels of various lipid species that result from the imbalance between lipolysis/lipid uptake/lipogenesis and lipid oxidation/secretion can cause organellar dysfunction, e.g. ER stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, lysosomal dysfunction, JNK activation, secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and aggravate (or be exacerbated by) hypoxia which ultimately lead to cell death. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of how abnormal lipid metabolism leads to lipotoxicity and the cellular mechanisms of lipotoxicity in the context of NAFLD.

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