scholarly journals The Role of Isothiocyanates as Cancer Chemo-Preventive, Chemo-Therapeutic and Anti-Melanoma Agents

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsiogianni ◽  
Koutsidis ◽  
Mavroudis ◽  
Trafalis ◽  
Botaitis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Metabolic Activation ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Cruciferous Vegetables ◽  
Human Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cancer Pathogenesis ◽  
Cycle Growth ◽  
Epigenetic Machinery

Many studies have shown evidence in support of the beneficial effects of phytochemicals in preventing chronic diseases, including cancer. Among such phytochemicals, sulphur-containing compounds (e.g., isothiocyanates (ITCs)) have raised scientific interest by exerting unique chemo-preventive properties against cancer pathogenesis. ITCs are the major biologically active compounds capable of mediating the anticancer effect of cruciferous vegetables. Recently, many studies have shown that a higher intake of cruciferous vegetables is associated with reduced risk of developing various forms of cancers primarily due to a plurality of effects, including (i) metabolic activation and detoxification, (ii) inflammation, (iii) angiogenesis, (iv) metastasis and (v) regulation of the epigenetic machinery. In the context of human malignant melanoma, a number of studies suggest that ITCs can cause cell cycle growth arrest and also induce apoptosis in human malignant melanoma cells. On such basis, ITCs could serve as promising chemo-therapeutic agents that could be used in the clinical setting to potentiate the efficacy of existing therapies.

scholarly journals The role of plant polyphenols in the health preservation: Effects on human cardiometabolic function

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-42
Author(s):  
Miloš Gostimirović ◽  
Jovana Rajković ◽  
Vladimir Đokić ◽  
Duško Terzić ◽  
Svetozar Putnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Plant Fibers ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cell Life ◽  
Life Habits

Regardless of the continuous improvement of diagnostic possibilities and the organizational structure of the healthcare system that contribute to the reduction of the complicated courses of diseases, modern socio-economic and environmental stressors, life habits and increased fluctuation in the psychological functioning of an individual still have a great influence on the overall burden of human diseases. At present, etiological factors and pathogenic mechanisms of numerous diseases are known, thus enabling their continuous and timely pharmacotherapy. However, for progressive diseases or those associated with numeorus complications, pharmacological treatment can lead to the side effects, and preventive measures are highlighted as the main strategy in the management of such diseases, especially in chronic non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). One of the preventive measures is timely and qualitative supplementation of the diet with beneficial micronutrients and oligoelements. Their main sources are represented in plant fibers that synthesize biologically active substances with a polyphenolic ring in their structure, called natural polyphenolic compounds (NPC). Decades of NPC research have brought new insights into the potential modification of existing pharmacotherapy of numeorus diseases. Currently, it is known that many polyphenols have an optimal pharmacological profile with cardioprotection and at the center of their overall effects. Research into the mechanisms of polyphenolic action is exhaustive, their interactions with numerous subcellular structures have been described, and they are refered as promising molecules, with the potential to modify key pathogenetic elements that lead to the progression of various diseases. So far, their numerous effects on endothelium, smooth muscle cells and lipid cells involved in the process of atherogenesis are known, their antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties have been proven, and the synergy with the intestinal microbial populations has recently been known to contribute to their beneficial effects. This paper has the aim to point out the most important mechanisms that NPC use to improve general functionality of the organism by stimulating its defense capacity, prolonging cell life and delaying its overall aging. As the most important cardioprotective nutrients, a special focus is given to their beneficial effects on cardiovascular and metabolic function.

scholarly journals Development of a food composition database for the estimation of dietary intakes of glucosinolates, the biologically active constituents of cruciferous vegetables

2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 687-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. McNaughton ◽  
G. C. Marks
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Cruciferous Vegetables ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Active Constituents ◽  
Food Composition Data

Evidence indicates that cruciferous vegetables are protective against a range of cancers with glucosinolates and their breakdown products considered the biologically active constituents. To date, epidemiological studies have not investigated the intakes of these constituents due to a lack of food composition databases. The aim of the present study was to develop a database for the glucosinolate content of cruciferous vegetables that can be used to quantify dietary exposure for use in epidemiological studies of diet–disease relationships. Published food composition data sources for the glucosinolate content of cruciferous vegetables were identified and assessed for data quality using established criteria. Adequate data for the total glucosinolate content were available from eighteen published studies providing 140 estimates for forty-two items. The highest glucosinolate values were for cress (389 mg/100 g) while the lowest values were for Pe-tsai chinese cabbage (20 mg/100 g). There is considerable variation in the values reported for the same vegetable by different studies, with a median difference between the minimum and maximum values of 5·8-fold. Limited analysis of cooked cruciferous vegetables has been conducted; however, the available data show that average losses during cooking are approximately 36 %. This is the first attempt to collate the available literature on the glucosinolate content of cruciferous vegetables. These data will allow quantification of intakes of the glucosinolates, which can be used in epidemiological studies to investigate the role of cruciferous vegetables in cancer aetiology and prevention.

scholarly journals Cruciferous Vegetables-Based Isothiocyanate Compounds as Novel Epigenetic Modulators in Human Malignant Melanoma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihalis Panagiotidis ◽  
Melina Mitsiogianni ◽  
Sotiris Kyriakou ◽  
Dimitrios Trafalis ◽  
Rodrigo Franco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Cruciferous Vegetables ◽  
Human Malignant Melanoma

scholarly journals The Role of Glucosinolates from Cruciferous Vegetables (Brassicaceae) in Gastrointestinal Cancers: From Prevention to Therapeutics

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
Catarina Melim ◽  
Maria R. Lauro ◽  
Isabel M. Pires ◽  
Paulo J. Oliveira ◽  
Célia Cabral
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Colorectal ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Cruciferous Vegetables ◽  
Brussels Sprouts ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Gi Cancers ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Brassicaceae Family ◽  
Related Mortality

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is composed of rapidly renewing cells, which increase the likelihood of cancer. Colorectal cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed GI cancers and currently stands in second place regarding cancer-related mortality. Unfortunately, the treatment of GI is limited, and few developments have occurred in the field over the years. With this in mind, new therapeutic strategies involving biologically active phytocompounds are being evaluated as anti-cancer agents. Vegetables such as broccoli, brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower, and radish, all belonging to the Brassicaceae family, are high in dietary fibre, minerals, vitamins, carotenoids, polyphenols, and glucosinolates. The latter compound is a secondary metabolite characteristic of this family and, when biologically active, has demonstrated anti-cancer properties. This article reviews the literature regarding the potential of Cruciferous vegetables in the prevention and/or treatment of GI cancers and the relevance of appropriate compound formulations for improving the stability and bioaccessibility of the major Cruciferous compounds, with a particular focus on glucosinolates.

scholarly journals miR-383-5p Inhibits Human Malignant Melanoma via Targeting CENPF

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanwan Jin ◽  
Huazhen Liu ◽  
Qin Xu ◽  
Nan Lin ◽  
Haiting Xu
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Human Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Invasion And Migration ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
And Migration ◽  
A375 Cells

Abstract Background: Human malignant melanoma (MM) is one of the skin cancers with the highest mortality. In this study, we investigated the role of miR-383-5p on human MM cells. Methods: The expression of miR-383-5p was measured by quantitative real-time PCR assay. The cell proliferation, invasion and migration were detected by CCK8, clone formation and transwell assays. Flow cytometry assay was used to detect apoptosis. The binding of miR-383-5p and 3’UTR of CENPF mRNA was indicated by dual-luciferase assays.Results: We found that miR-383-5p inhibited the cells proliferation, migration and invasion, and promoted apoptosis of M14 and A375 cells. Biochemical analysis revealed that the expression of miR-383-5p was negatively correlated with CENPF expression in human MM, and the doul-luciferase report showed that miR-383-5p could effectively bind to the 3’UTR of CENPF. CENPF expression was up-regulated and predicted the prognosis of MM. In addition, high expression of CENPF can effectively remedy the resistance of cell proliferation and vitality caused by miR-383-5p. Conclusion: In conclusion, miR-383-5p acts as a tumor suppressor in human MM by targeting CENPF, suggesting that CENPF may be a potential therapeutic target for human MM.

scholarly journals Role of phosphodiesterase 2 in growth and invasion of human malignant melanoma cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1807-1817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenichi Hiramoto ◽  
Taku Murata ◽  
Kasumi Shimizu ◽  
Hiroshi Morita ◽  
Madoka Inui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Melanoma Cells ◽  
Human Malignant Melanoma

scholarly journals Neuroprotective Effects of Ginseng Phytochemicals: Recent Perspectives

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (16) ◽  
pp. 2939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Huang ◽  
Ning Li ◽  
Yiqiong Pu ◽  
Tong Zhang ◽  
Bing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs ◽  
Ancient Times

As our global population ages, the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases is critical to our society. In recent years, researchers have begun to study the role of biologically active chemicals from plants and herbs to gain new inspiration and develop new therapeutic drugs. Ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Mey.) is a famous Chinese herbal medicine with a variety of pharmacological activities. It has been used to treat various diseases since ancient times. Extensive research over the years has shown that ginseng has potential as a neuroprotective drug, and its neuroprotective effects can be used to treat and prevent neurological damage or pathologically related diseases (such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, depression symptoms, and strokes). Moreover, evidence for the medicinal and health benefits of ginsenoside, its main active ingredient, in the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases is increasing, and current clinical results have not reported any serious adverse reactions to ginseng. Therefore, we briefly review the recent research and development on the beneficial effects and mechanisms of ginseng and its main active ingredient, ginsenoside, in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, hoping to provide some ideas for the discovery and identification of ginseng neuroprotection.

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