scholarly journals Flavonoids and Colorectal Cancer Prevention

Antioxidants ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanyan Li ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Grace Chen
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Colon Tumorigenesis ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Prevention ◽  
Related Mortality

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer, but despite advances in treatment, it remains the second most common cause of cancer-related mortality. Prevention may, therefore, be a key strategy in reducing colorectal cancer deaths. Given reports of an inverse association between fruit and vegetable consumption with colorectal cancer risk, there has been significant interest in understanding the metabolism and bioactivity of flavonoids, which are highly abundant in fruits and vegetables and account for their pigmentation. In this review, we discuss host and microbiota-mediated metabolism of flavonoids and the potential mechanisms by which flavonoids can exert protective effects against colon tumorigenesis, including regulation of signaling pathways involved in apoptosis, cellular proliferation, and inflammation and modulation of the gut microbiome.

scholarly journals Anthocyanins in Colorectal Cancer Prevention Review

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1600
Author(s):  
Ni Shi ◽  
Xiaoxin Chen ◽  
Tong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
Pharmaceutical Application ◽  
Health Burden ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Prevention

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is still a big health burden worldwide. Nutrition and dietary factors are known to affect colorectal cancer development and prognosis. The protective roles of diets rich in fruits and vegetables have been previously reported to contain high levels of cancer-fighting phytochemicals. Anthocyanins are the most abundant flavonoid compounds that are responsible for the bright colors of most blue, purple, and red fruits and vegetables, and have been shown to contribute to the protective effects of fruits and vegetables against cancer and other chronic diseases. Berries and grapes are the most common anthocyanin-rich fruits with antitumor effects. The antitumor effects of anthocyanins are determined by their structures and bioavailability as well as how they are metabolized. In this review, we aimed to discuss the preventive as well as therapeutic potentials of anthocyanins in CRC. We summarized the antitumor effects of anthocyanins and the mechanisms of action. We also discussed the potential pharmaceutical application of anthocyanins in practice.

scholarly journals Parental Education and the Association between Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Asthma in Adolescents: The Greek Global Asthma Network (GAN) Study

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 304
Author(s):  
George Antonogeorgos ◽  
Kostas N. Priftis ◽  
Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos ◽  
Philippa Ellwood ◽  
Luis García-Marcos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parental Education ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Asthma Prevalence ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable

Background: Evidence suggests that nutritional factors, such as consumption of fruits and vegetables, along with socioeconomic factors such as parental education level, are associated with asthma prevalence. Our study examined the role of parental education in the association between fruit and vegetable consumption and adolescent asthma. Methods: 1934 adolescents (mean age: 12.7 years, standard deviation: 0.6 years, boys: 47.5%) and their parents were voluntarily enrolled and completed a validated questionnaire assessing current asthma status, fruit and vegetable consumption and parental educational level. Participants were categorized as high or low intake for five food groups: fruits, cooked vegetables, raw vegetables, all vegetables (cooked and raw), and all three food groups together (fruits and all vegetables). Results: Adolescents who were high consumers of all three food groups (fruits, cooked and raw vegetables) were less likely to have asthma, adjusted for several confounders (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 0.53, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.25–0.97). Moreover, in adolescents who had parents with tertiary education and were in the high consumption of all three food groups, the inverse association was almost twofold higher than the one for adolescents with parents of primary/secondary education (aOR: 0.35, 95% CI: (0.21–0.89) and aOR: 0.61, 95% CI: (0.47–0.93) respectively). Conclusions: Our findings highlight the importance of the adoption of a diet rich in fruits and vegetables for all asthmatic adolescents and emphasize the important role of parental influences in this association.

scholarly journals Relation of Fruits and Vegetables with Major Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, Markers of Oxidation, and Inflammation

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lapuente ◽  
Estruch ◽  
Shahbaz ◽  
Casas
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Almost All

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are considered to be the leading cause of death worldwide. Inadequate fruit and vegetable intake have been recognized as a risk factor for almost all NCDs (type 2 diabetes mellitus, cancer, and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases). The main aim of this review is to examine the possible protective effect that fruit and vegetable consumption or their bioactive compounds may have on the development of NCDs such as atherosclerosis. The accumulated evidence on the protective effects of adequate consumption of fruits and vegetables in some cases, or the lack of evidence in others, are summarized in the present review. The main conclusion of this review is that well-designed, large-scale, long-term studies are needed to truly understand the role fruit and vegetable consumption or their bioactive compounds have in atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals Resveratrol and Its Nanoformulation Attenuate Growth and the Angiogenesis of Xenograft and Orthotopic Colon Cancer Models

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thangirala Sudha ◽  
Ali H. El-Far ◽  
Deena S. Mousa ◽  
Shaker A. Mousa
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Natural Compound ◽  
Anticancer Effect ◽  
Tumor Mass ◽  
The Third ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Cancer Models ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Prevention

Cancer is a multifactorial disorder that induces mortality worldwide, and the colorectal type is the third most common cancer globally. Resveratrol (RSV) is a natural compound with an effective anticancer effect, especially against colorectal cancer, and therefore numerous studies recommended its use in colorectal cancer prevention and treatment. The current study investigated the effect of either RSV or its nanoformulation (NP-RSV) on the growth and vascularity of xenograft and orthotopic mice models in colon cancer (COLO205-luc). Both RSV and NP-RSV induced significant reductions in tumor growth and the hemoglobin percentages of the tumor mass, but NP-RSV showed greater bioavailability and efficacy than RSV. Generally, we recommend using NP-RSV as a therapeutic to control colon cancer.

scholarly journals Virus Infection of The Human Papiloma And Its Association With Colorectal Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 01-06
Author(s):  
Victor Hernánde
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Genetic Mutation ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Human Carcinomas ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Prevention ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hpv 18

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in men and women worldwide; its carcinogenesis is a complex multi-step process that involves environmental factors, lifestyle, genetic mutation and viral infections; Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection plays a crucial role in human carcinomas, mainly anogenital and oropharyngeal; HPV is a prognostic factor since it is associated with vascular invasion, ganglionic metastases and tumor size; HPV is reported to be present in 70% of colorectal cancers and HPV-16 E6 / E7 oncoproteins are involved in carcinogenesis, including colorectal cancer; prevention with HPV vaccines can prevent some cancers including colorectal cancer. The link between HPV and colorectal cancer became evident, without distinction between the sexes, with similar values ​​between HPV 16 and HPV 18. Studies are needed to investigate the relationship between HPV and colorectal cancer.

scholarly journals Fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of the metabolic syndrome: a meta-analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 756-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Tian ◽  
Lijun Su ◽  
Jiantao Wang ◽  
Xiaolin Duan ◽  
Xiubo Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Fruit Consumption ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

AbstractObjectiveSeveral epidemiological studies have been performed to evaluate the association of fruit and vegetable consumption with risk of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), but the results remain controversial. Thus, we conducted a systematic meta-analysis to assess the associations of fruit or/and vegetable consumption with risk of MetS, separately.DesignWe searched PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases up to July 2017 for relevant available articles. Pooled OR with 95 % CI were calculated with the fixed- or random-effects model.ResultsA total of nine studies for fruit consumption, nine studies for vegetable consumption and seven studies for fruit and vegetable consumption were identified as eligible for the present meta-analysis. The pooled OR (95 % CI) of MetS for the highest v. lowest category were 0·87 (0·82, 0·92; I2=46·7 %) for fruit consumption, 0·85 (0·80, 0·91; I2=0·0 %) for vegetable consumption and 0·76 (0·62, 0·93; I2=83·5 %) for fruit and vegetable consumption. In subgroup analyses stratified by continent where the study was conducted, the inverse association of fruit consumption (0·86 (0·77, 0·96)) and vegetable consumption (0·86 (0·80, 0·92)) with risk of MetS remained significant in Asia. There was no evidence of small-study effect.ConclusionsOur meta-analysis indicates that fruit or/and vegetable consumption may be inversely associated with risk of MetS. It suggests that people should consume more fruits and vegetables to decrease the risk of MetS.

scholarly journals Availability of neighbourhood supermarkets and convenience stores, broader built environment context, and the purchase of fruits and vegetables in US households

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 2436-2447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Peng ◽  
Nikhil Kaza
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Street Connectivity ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Convenience Stores

AbstractObjective:To determine whether neighbourhood supermarket and convenience store availability and broader built environment context are associated with food purchasing behaviour in a national population.Design:We used observational data to perform a cross-sectional study of food purchases for US households in 2010. We used three-level mixed-effect regression models to determine whether the associations between the number of neighbourhood supermarkets and convenience stores and the self-reported annual household expenditures for fruits and vegetables were affected by regional destination accessibility, neighbourhood destination diversity, availability of neighbourhood destinations and neighbourhood street connectivity.Setting:Metropolitan statistical areas (n 378) in the USA.Participants:Households (n 22 448).Results:When we controlled for broader built environment context, there was no significant association between availability of neighbourhood supermarkets and expenditures on fruits and vegetables; instead, we observed an inverse association between the number of convenience stores and expenditures for fruits (P = 0·001). The broader built environment context was associated with food purchase, although the magnitude was small: (i) higher regional destination accessibility was associated with higher expenditures for fruits (P < 0·001); (ii) higher neighbourhood destination diversity was associated with lower expenditures for vegetables (P = 0·002); and (iii) higher neighbourhood street connectivity was associated with higher expenditures for fruits (P < 0·001).Conclusions:The broader built environment factors contributed to understanding how people use neighbourhood food stores. However, there was only a small relationship between the broader environment context and fruit and vegetable expenditures. Policy interventions that focus exclusively on increasing the availability of neighbourhood supermarkets likely will not promote fruit and vegetable consumption.

scholarly journals Nutrition, Thrombosis, and Cardiovascular Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 126 (10) ◽  
pp. 1415-1442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Violi ◽  
Daniele Pastori ◽  
Pasquale Pignatelli ◽  
Roberto Carnevale
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Antithrombotic Effects

Previous studies reported an inverse association between healthy dietary patterns (such as Mediterranean diet) and the incidence of cardiovascular events. As the mechanism accounting for cardiovascular disease is prevalently due to the atherothrombosis, where a pivotal role is played by platelet activation, it would be arguable that diets with protective effects against cardiovascular disease exert an anti-atherothrombotic effect via inhibition of platelet activation. There are several and sparse typologies of studies, which investigated if single nutrients by diets recognized as having cardiovascular protection may exert an antithrombotic effect. The most investigated nutrients are key components of the Mediterranean diets such as fruits and vegetables, fish, olive oil, and wine; other diets with protective effects include nuts and cocoa. Here we summarize experimental and human interventional studies which investigated the antithrombotic effects of such nutrients in experimental models of thrombosis or analyzed biomarkers of clotting, platelet, and fibrinolysis activation in human; furthermore in vitro studies explored the underlying mechanism at level of several cell lines such as platelets or endothelial cells. In this context, we analyzed if nutrients affect simultaneously or separately clotting, platelet, and fibrinolysis pathways giving special attention to the relationship between oxidative stress and thrombosis as most nutrients are believed to possess antioxidant properties.

Statin use and mortality in patients with colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 686-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjun Gupta ◽  
Siddharth Singh ◽  
Preet Paul Singh
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Inconsistency Index ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Related Mortality ◽  
Statin Use ◽  
Overall Mortality ◽  
Prospective Investigation

686 Background: Preclinical evidence suggests that statins have anti-neoplastic properties by inhibiting cell proliferation, and inducing apoptosis. Statins may be associated with reduced risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), but their effect on CRC related mortality is unclear. We performed a meta-analysis of published observational studies evaluating statin use in patients with CRC and its association with overall and CRC-specific mortality. Methods: Through a systematic search upto August 2014, we identified 7 observational studies (64,773 patients with CRC;19.5% statin users) reporting the association between statin use and mortality in patients with CRC. Summary hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was estimated using the random effects model, and heterogeneity was measured using the inconsistency index (I2). Results: On meta-analysis, statin use was associated with a 26% reduction in all-cause mortality in CRC patients as compared to non-use (6 studies; adjusted HR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.67-0.83) with minimal heterogeneity (I2=18%), after adjusting for age, sex and CRC stage. Only one study adjusted for concomitant metformin use. Five studies evaluated CRC-specific mortality; on meta-analysis, use of statins (vs non-use) was also associated with decreased CRC-specific mortality (adjusted HR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.70-0.83; minimal heterogeneity, I2=17%). On limiting analysis to statin use after diagnosis of CRC, use of statins remained significantly associated with reduced CRC-specific mortality (3 studies; adjusted HR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.60-0.81), but not overall mortality (4 studies; adjusted HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.64-1.05). On restricting analysis to studies, which adjusted for concomitant use of aspirin/NSAID, the inverse association between statin use and overall- (5 studies; adjusted HR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.66-0.84) and CRC-specific mortality (4 studies; adjusted HR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.69-0.84) remained significant. Conclusions: Based on this meta-analysis, statin use in patients with CRC may be associated with reduced all-cause and CRC-specific mortality. This observation merits prospective investigation of statins’ effect on outcome in CRC patients.

The interplay between dietary factors, gut microbiome and colorectal cancer: a new era of colorectal cancer prevention

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 293-306
Author(s):  
Poshita Kumari Seesaha ◽  
Xiaofeng Chen ◽  
Xiaofeng Wu ◽  
Hongxia Xu ◽  
Changxian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Gut Flora ◽  
New Era ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
The Third ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Prevention

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in the world and its incidence is on the rise. Dietary intervention has emerged as an attractive strategy to curtail its occurrence and progression. Diet is known to influence the gut microbiome, as dietary factors and gut bacteria can act in concert to cause or protect from colorectal cancer. Several studies have presented evidence for such interactions and have pointed out the different ways by which the diet and gut microbiome can be altered to produce beneficial effects. This review article aims to summarize the interrelationship between diet, gut flora and colorectal cancer so that a better preventive approach can be applied.

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