scholarly journals In Search of Antioxidant Peptides from Porcine Liver Hydrolysates Using Analytical and Peptidomic Approach

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
María López-Pedrouso ◽  
José M. Lorenzo ◽  
Paula Borrajo ◽  
Daniel Franco
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Antioxidant Peptides ◽  
Fructose Bisphosphate ◽  
Porcine Liver ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Adequate Quality ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Fructose Bisphosphate Aldolase

The search for antioxidant peptides as health-promoting agents is of great scientific interest for their biotechnological applications. Thus, the main goal of this study was to identify antioxidant peptides from pork liver using alcalase, bromelain, flavourzyme, and papain enzymes. All liver hydrolysates proved to be of adequate quality regarding the ratio EAA/NEAA, particularly flavourzyme hydrolysates. The peptidomic profiles were significantly different for each enzyme and their characterizations were performed, resulting in forty-four differentially abundant peptides among the four treatments. Porcine liver hydrolysates from alcalase and bromelain are demonstrated to have the most antioxidant capacity. On the other hand, hydrophobic amino acid residues (serine, threonine, histidine and aspartic acid) might be reducing the hydrolysates antioxidant capacity. Seventeen peptides from collagen, albumin, globin domain-containing protein, cytochrome β, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, dihydropyrimidinase, argininosuccinate synthase, and ATP synthase seem to be antioxidant. Further studies are necessary to isolate these peptides and test them in in vivo experiments.

scholarly journals Design of Epitope-Based Peptide Vaccine against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Fructose Bisphosphate Aldolase Protein Using Immunoinformatics

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Mustafa Elhag ◽  
Ruaa Mohamed Alaagib ◽  
Nagla Mohamed Ahmed ◽  
Mustafa Abubaker ◽  
Esraa Musa Haroun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Peptide Vaccine ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Fructose Bisphosphate ◽  
Mhc I ◽  
Mhc Ii ◽  
Fructose Bisphosphate Aldolase ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common pathogen that is responsible for serious hospital-acquired infections, ventilator-associated pneumonia, and various sepsis syndromes. Also, it is a multidrug-resistant pathogen recognized for its ubiquity and its intrinsically advanced antibiotic-resistant mechanisms. It usually affects immunocompromised individuals but can also infect immunocompetent individuals. There is no vaccine against it available till now. This study predicts an effective epitope-based vaccine against fructose bisphosphate aldolase (FBA) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa using immunoinformatics tools. The protein sequences were obtained from NCBI, and prediction tests were undertaken to analyze possible epitopes for B and T cells. Three B cell epitopes passed the antigenicity, accessibility, and hydrophilicity tests. Six MHC I epitopes were found to be promising, while four MHC II epitopes were found promising from the result set. Nineteen epitopes were shared between MHC I and II results. For the population coverage, the epitopes covered 95.62% worldwide excluding certain MHC II alleles. We recommend in vivo and in vitro studies to prove its effectiveness.

scholarly journals Import of fructose bisphosphate aldolase into the glycosomes of Trypanosoma brucei.

1987 ◽  
Vol 105 (6) ◽  
pp. 2649-2654 ◽  
Author(s):  
C E Clayton
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Brucei ◽  
Peptide Mapping ◽  
Tsetse Fly ◽  
In Vitro Translation ◽  
Fructose Bisphosphate ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Fructose Bisphosphate Aldolase ◽  
Made In

The glycolytic enzymes of Trypanosomatids are compartmentalized within peroxisome-like microbodies called glycosomes. Fructose bisphosphate aldolase is synthesized on free polysomes and imported into glycosomes within 5 min. Peptide mapping reveals no primary structural differences between the in vivo-synthesized protein and that made in vitro from a synthetic template. However, native aldolase from glycosomes is partially protease resistant, whereas the in vitro translation product is not. Pulse-chase results indicate that aldolase in bloodstream trypanosomes has a much longer half-life than in the procyclic tsetse fly form.

scholarly journals Epitope - based peptide vaccine againstFructose-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA)ofMadurella mycetomatisusing immunoinformatics approaches

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arwa A. Mohammed ◽  
Ayman M. H. ALnaby ◽  
Solima M. Sabeel ◽  
Fagr M. AbdElmarouf ◽  
Amina I. Dirar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Binding Affinity ◽  
Mhc Class Ii ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Peptide Vaccine ◽  
Fructose Bisphosphate ◽  
Strong Binding ◽  
Fructose Bisphosphate Aldolase ◽  
Madurella Mycetomatis

AbstractBackgroundMycetoma is a distinct flesh eating and destructive neglected tropical disease. It is endemic in many tropical and subtropical countries. Mycetoma is caused by bacterial infections (actinomycetoma) such as Streptomyces somaliensis and Nocardiae or true fungi (eumycetoma) such as Madurella mycetomatis. Until date, treatments fail to cure the infection and the available marketed drugs are expensive and toxic upon prolonged usage. Moreover, no vaccine was prepared yet against mycetoma.The aimof this study is to predict effective epitope-based vaccine against fructose-bisphosphate aldolase enzymes of M. mycetomatis using immunoinformatics approaches.Methods and MaterialsFructose-bisphosphate aldolase ofMadurella mycetomatisSequence was retrieved from NCBI. Different prediction tools were used to analyze the nominee’s epitopes in Immune Epitope Database for B-cell, T-cell MHC class II & I. Then the proposed peptides were docked using Autodock 4.0 software program.Results and ConclusionsThe proposed and promising peptides KYLQ shows a potent binding affinity to B-cell, FEYARKHAF with a very strong binding affinity to MHC1 alleles and FFKEHGVPL that show a very strong binding affinity to MHC11and MHC1 alleles. This indicates a strong potential to formulate a new vaccine, especially with the peptide FFKEHGVPL which is likely to be the first proposed epitope-based vaccine against Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase of Madurella mycetomatis. This study recommends an in-vivo assessment for the most promising peptides especially FFKEHGVPL.

scholarly journals Interfacial fluid transport is a key to hydrogel bioadhesion

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 738-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphaël Michel ◽  
Léna Poirier ◽  
Quentin van Poelvoorde ◽  
Josette Legagneux ◽  
Mathieu Manassero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Transport ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Porcine Liver ◽  
Superabsorbent Hydrogel ◽  
Liver Capsule ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Hydrogel Membranes ◽  
Interfacial Fluid ◽  
And Control

Attaching hydrogels to soft internal tissues is a key to the development of a number of biomedical devices. Nevertheless, the wet nature of hydrogels and tissues renders this adhesion most difficult to achieve and control. Here, we show that the transport of fluids across hydrogel−tissue interfaces plays a central role in adhesion. Using ex vivo peeling experiments on porcine liver, we characterized the adhesion between model hydrogel membranes and the liver capsule and parenchyma. By varying the contact time, the tissue hydration, and the swelling ratio of the hydrogel membrane, a transition between two peeling regimes is found: a lubricated regime where a liquid layer wets the interface, yielding low adhesion energies (0.1 J/m2 to 1 J/m2), and an adhesive regime with a solid binding between hydrogel and tissues and higher adhesion energies (1 J/m2 to 10 J/m2). We show that this transition corresponds to a draining of the interface inducing a local dehydration of the tissues, which become intrinsically adhesive. A simple model taking into account the microanatomy of tissues captures the transition for both the liver capsule and parenchyma. In vivo experiments demonstrate that this effect still holds on actively hydrated tissues like the liver capsule and show that adhesion can be strongly enhanced when using superabsorbent hydrogel meshes. These results shed light on the design of predictive bioadhesion tests as well as on the development of improved bioadhesive strategies exploiting interfacial fluid transport.

scholarly journals Kinetics of metabolic pathways. A system in vitro to study the control of flux

1986 ◽  
Vol 234 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
N V Torres ◽  
F Mateo ◽  
E Meléndez-Hevia ◽  
H Kacser
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Pathway ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Fructose Bisphosphate ◽  
Fructose Bisphosphate Aldolase ◽  
Flux Control Coefficients ◽  
Glycerol 3 Phosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Control Coefficients

A method for determining Control Coefficients is proposed for systems studied in vitro and applied to a model pathway. Rat liver extract, which converts glucose into glycerol 3-phosphate, was used with the addition to the incubation mixture of fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, triose-phosphate isomerase and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase as ‘auxiliary’ enzymes, which leaves all the control on the first three enzymes. The flux of the metabolic pathway was recorded by assaying NADH decay. Flux Control Coefficients (CJE) of hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphate isomerase and phosphofructokinase were calculated by titration of the system with increasing quantities of extraneous enzymes. It is shown that the summation property is fulfilled. The applicability of this procedure to study the control in any metabolic pathway is discussed. Possible relevance of the method to conditions in vivo and its limitations are considered.

scholarly journals Degradation of native and modified forms of fructose-bisphosphate aldolase microinjected into HeLa cells

1988 ◽  
Vol 256 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
M F Hopgood ◽  
S E Knowles ◽  
J S Bond ◽  
F J Ballard
Keyword(s):  
Hela Cells ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Rabbit Muscle ◽  
Fructose Bisphosphate ◽  
Fructose Bisphosphate Aldolase ◽  
Proteolytic Action ◽  
Lysosomal System ◽  
Modified Forms

The uptake and degradation of radiolabelled rabbit muscle fructose-bisphosphate aldolase (EC 4.1.2.13) was studied in HeLa cells microinjected by the erythrocyte ghost fusion system. Labelled aldolase was progressively modified by treatment with GSSG or N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) before microinjection to determine whether these agents, which inactivate and destabilize the enzyme in vitro, affect the half-life of the enzyme in vivo. Increasing exposure of aldolase to GSSG or NEM before microinjection increased the extent of aldolase transfer into the HeLa cells and decreased the proportion of the protein that could be extracted from the cells after water lysis. Some degradation of the GSSG- and NEM-inactivated aldolases was observed in the ghosts before microinjection; thus a family of radiolabelled proteins was microinjected in these experiments. In spite of the above differences, the 40 kDa subunit of each aldolase form was degraded with a half-life of 30 h in the HeLa cells. In contrast, the progressively modified forms of aldolase were increasingly susceptible to proteolytic action in vitro by chymotrypsin or by cathepsin B and in ghosts. These studies indicate that the rate of aldolase degradation in cells is not determined by attack by cellular proteinases that recognize vulnerable protein substrates; the results are most easily explained by a random autophagic process involving the lysosomal system.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing the Formation of Chemical–Hemoglobin Adducts

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Yuko Shimamura ◽  
Akina Okuda ◽  
Kenya Ichikawa ◽  
Ryo Inagaki ◽  
Sohei Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adduct Formation ◽  
Internal Exposure ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Simultaneous Exposure ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Individual

Hemoglobin (Hb) adducts have been used as biomarkers for the internal exposure to chemicals. Simultaneous exposure to chemicals that bond with the N-terminal valine of Hb to form adducts, such as glycidol, acrylamide, and glucose, may affect the formation of the individual Hb adducts. In this study, various factors influencing the formation of chemical–Hb adducts were analyzed using in vitro and in vivo systems. In the in vitro assays, the formation of glycidol– and acrylamide–Hb adducts was altered in the presence of glucose, serum albumin, and other chemicals. In contrast, in the in vivo experiments, glycidol– and acrylamide–Hb adduct formation was unchanged in mice exposed to glycidol and acrylamide. The interaction between glycidol and acrylamide with residues other than the N-terminal valine of Hb was analyzed using the protein thermal shift assay. Glycidol and acrylamide also interacted with amino acid residues other than the N-terminal valine of Hb. The presence of other blood components, such as amino acids, may affect the formation of chemical–Hb adducts. Further research is expected to elucidate the remaining unknown factors that affect the formation of chemical–Hb adducts.

The Role of Polyphenols in the Modulation of Plasma Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Capacity (NEAC)

2012 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Serafini ◽  
Giuseppa Morabito
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dietary Polyphenols ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidant ◽  
Endogenous Antioxidant

Dietary polyphenols have been shown to scavenge free radicals, modulating cellular redox transcription factors in different in vitro and ex vivo models. Dietary intervention studies have shown that consumption of plant foods modulates plasma Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Capacity (NEAC), a biomarker of the endogenous antioxidant network, in human subjects. However, the identification of the molecules responsible for this effect are yet to be obtained and evidences of an antioxidant in vivo action of polyphenols are conflicting. There is a clear discrepancy between polyphenols (PP) concentration in body fluids and the extent of increase of plasma NEAC. The low degree of absorption and the extensive metabolism of PP within the body have raised questions about their contribution to the endogenous antioxidant network. This work will discuss the role of polyphenols from galenic preparation, food extracts, and selected dietary sources as modulators of plasma NEAC in humans.

Stem Cell Cure for Kidney Injury: Therapy to Solve Most Complex Issues in Renal System

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prithiv K R Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Tissue Remodelling ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Renal Regeneration ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Renal failure is a major health problem. The mortality rate remain high despite of several therapies. The most complex of the renal issues are solved through stem cells. In this review, different mechanism for cure of chronic kidney injury along with cell engraftment incorporated into renal structures will be analysed. Paracrine activities of embryonic or induced Pluripotent stem cells are explored on the basis of stem cell-induced kidney regeneration. Several experiments have been conducted to advance stem cells to ensure the restoration of renal functions. More vigour and organised protocols for delivering stem cells is a possibility for advancement in treatment of renal disease. Also there is a need for pressing therapies to replicate the tissue remodelling and cellular repair processes suitable for renal organs. Stem cells are the undifferentiated cells that have the ability to multiply into several cell types. In vivo experiments on animal’s stem cells have shown significant improvements in the renal regeneration and functions of organs. Nevertheless more studies show several improvements in the kidney repair due to stem cell regeneration.

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