scholarly journals Profile of Phenolic Compounds of Prunus armeniaca L. Leaf Extract Determined by LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS and Their Antioxidant, Anti-Diabetic, Anti-Cholinesterase, and Anti-Inflammatory Potency

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1869
Author(s):  
Aneta Wojdyło ◽  
Paulina Nowicka
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Pancreatic Lipase ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Prunus Armeniaca ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Cox 1

In view of the limited information available in the literature concerning leaves as by-products of Prunus armeniaca cultivation, the aim of this work was to identify and characterize their principal polyphenolic constituents by LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS and screening in vitro biological potency as antioxidant capacity (ABTS, online ABTS, FRAP, ORAC), antidiabetic (α-amylase, α-glucosidase), anti-obesity (pancreatic lipase), anti-cholinesterase (AChE and BChE), and anti-inflammatory (COX-1 and COX-2) inhibitory activity. Comparison of different polyphenolic extracts of P. armeniaca cultivar leaves according to their quantitative composition revealed them to be exceptional sources of hydroxycinnamic acids, and to a lesser extent as sources of flavonols. Polyphenol-rich apricot leaf extract (PrALe) showed the most effective anti-obesity action through inhibition of pancreatic lipase, COX-1 and antioxidant capacity, especially the oxygen radical absorbance capacity, which was particularly correlated with polyphenolic compounds. Online ABTS radical UPLC-PDA-PDA analysis clearly demonstrated that the three predominant compounds of PrALe are quercetin-3-O-rutinoside > 5-O- and 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid, which basically contribute to antioxidant potential. These results assist in the evaluation of plant sources of potential new raw materials for application in different commercial sectors, especially for food, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals production.

scholarly journals Comparison of bioactive compounds and health promoting properties of fruits and leaves of apple, pear and quince

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta Wojdyło ◽  
Paulina Nowicka ◽  
Igor Piotr Turkiewicz ◽  
Karolina Tkacz ◽  
Francisca Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Pancreatic Lipase ◽  
Nutritional Compounds ◽  
Valuable Compounds ◽  
Plant Sources ◽  
Cox 1

AbstractThis paper presents characterization of healthy potential new sources of functional constituents with reference to basic plant sources. In this study, the phenolics, triterpene, isoprenoids (chlorophylls and carotenoids), amino acids, minerals, sugars and organic acids of different cultivars of pome species—apple, pear, quince—leaves vs. fruits and their enzymatic in vitro enzyme inhibition of hyperglycemic (α-glucosidase, α-amylase), obesity (pancreatic lipase), cholinesterase (acetylcholinesterase, butylcholinesterase), inflammatory (15-LOX, COX-1 and -2) and antioxidant capacity (ORAC, FRAP, ABTS) were evaluated. Leaves of pome species as a new plant sources were characterized by higher content of bioactive and nutritional compounds than basic fruits. The dominant fraction for quince, pear, and apple fruits was polymeric procyanidins. In quince and pear leaves flavan-3-ols, and in apple dihydrochalcones dominated. Triterpene was present in equal content in leaves and fruits. Leaves are excellent sources of amino acids and minerals (especially Ca, Mg, Fe, and K), with high content of organic acids and low content of sugars compared to fruits of pome species. Leaves of apples and pears most effectively inhibited COX-1, COX-2, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase enzyme but quince leaves showed the most effective inhibition of pancreatic lipase, AChE and BuChE, 15-LOX, and antioxidant capacity, which particularly correlated with bioactive compounds. Present study shows that leaves are promising sources of valuable compounds and may be used to produce functional foods as well as for medical purposes.

scholarly journals FLAVONOIDS OF IRIS SIBIRICA L. GROWN IN VITRO CULTURE

2021 ◽  
pp. 301-308
Author(s):  
Olesya Nikolayevna Mazko ◽  
Lyudmila Ivanovna Tikhomirova ◽  
Lyudmila Vladimirovna Shcherbakova ◽  
Natal'ya Grigor'yevna Bazarnova ◽  
Dmitriy Alekseyevich Karpitsky
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
Nutrient Media ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Clonal Micropropagation ◽  
Intact Plants

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) separately and in interaction with auxins on the change in the qualitative and quantitative composition of flavonoids in the raw materials of regenerating plants Iris sibirica L. Cambridge grade in comparison with aeroponic and intact raw materials using the method of high-performance liquid chromatography. Raw materials of I. sibirica Cambridge variety obtained in vitro culture had a richer qualitative composition of flavonoids than intact plants. The dependence of the accumulation of flavonoids on the concentration of 6-benzylaminopurine in nutrient media was noted. The presence of 13 compounds was observed in extracts of 70% ethyl alcohol from regenerating plants grown at the lowest concentration of BAP (1.0 µM) within the experiment. In quantitative terms, the flavonoid apigenin was maximally determined on a medium with BAP 1 µM, and kaempferol - on media with BAP 5.0 µM, supplemented with auxins. For a medium with 7.5 µM BAP, the lowest variety of compounds was observed (9) and the lowest kaempferol content. Auxins influenced the synthesis of flavonoids. The amount of flavonoids in all variants of the experiment increased by an average of 13% in the presence of auxins. The stages of the technological process of obtaining raw materials I. sibirica Cambridge variety on the basis of clonal micropropagation and cultivation in aeroponics conditions allowed to obtain raw materials that do not contain heavy and toxic metals, are not infected with pathogens and pests. With 1 m2 of useful area of aeroponics for 1 year, it is possible to collect 5 times more raw materials than with field cultivation. According to the qualitative composition of phenolic compounds, aeroponic raw materials are identical to intact plants.

scholarly journals Quality of New Functional Powdered Beverages Enriched with Lyophilized Fruits—Potentially Bioaccessible Antioxidant Properties, Nutritional Value, and Consumer Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Bochnak-Niedźwiecka ◽  
Michał Świeca
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
In Vitro Bioaccessibility ◽  
Trolox Equivalent ◽  
Health Promoting

This study evaluates nutrients and health-promoting compounds responsible for antioxidant capacity in eight novel formulations based on lyophilized fruit and vegetable powders. The composition contained lyophilized carrot, pumpkin, lentil sprouts, raspberry, strawberry, and apple. The effect of functional additives on the antioxidant, nutritional, and functional characteristics of powdered beverages was determined in the powders and after rehydration followed by in vitro digestion. The antioxidant activity, phenols, vitamin C, and reducing power were significantly higher in the powders enriched with additives having potential functional properties. Furthermore, the analyses indicated that all the powdered formulations may be potential sources of total starch (100–112 mg/100 mL) and proteins (125–139 mg/100 mL). The designed powdered beverages after reconstitution exhibited high antioxidant content, reasonable consumer acceptance, and good in vitro bioaccessibility. The best results of antioxidant capacity were obtained for beverages enriched with raspberry, i.e., 10.4 mg Trolox equivalent (TE)/100 mL and 12.1 mg TE/100 mL rehydrated at 20 °C and 80 °C, respectively. Additionally, color characteristics were used as indicators of the quality of the powdered beverages. This research promotes the reduction of food waste, since whole plant tissues are used, thus allowing maximum exploitation of food raw materials; moreover, drying provides stable shelf life.

scholarly journals Phenanthrenes in Chinese Yam Peel Exhibit Anti-inflammatory Activity, as Shown by Strong in Vitro Cyclooxygenase Enzyme Inhibition

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Li ◽  
Chuan-Rui Zhang ◽  
Amila A. Dissanayake ◽  
Qun-yu Gao ◽  
Muraleedharan G. Nair
Keyword(s):  
Food Item ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Spectroscopic Methods ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Chinese Yam ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
In Vitro Bioassays ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Cox 1

Chinese yam ( Dioscorea opposita), peeled or whole, is a popular food item that is considered to be healthy. Often, the yam is peeled before cooking. However, it is also consumed with peel. Therefore, in this study, the peel of this yam was extracted sequentially with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol, and studied for its health-benefits, using in vitro bioassays. Bioactivity-guided purifications of extracts of the peel afforded phenanthrenes (1-4), as characterized by spectroscopic methods. Phenanthrene 1 is a novel analogue. The extracts and isolates were tested for anti-inflammatory activity using cyclooxygenase enzyme (COX-1 and -2) inhibitory assays. All phenanthrenes isolated from the yam peel showed higher inhibition of COX enzymes than the over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) aspirin, ibuprofen and naproxen.

scholarly journals The Traditional Medicinal Plants Cuphea calophylla, Tibouchina kingii, and Pseudelephantopus spiralis Attenuate Inflammatory and Oxidative Mediators

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ana María Ramírez-Atehortúa ◽  
Lorena Morales-Agudelo ◽  
Edison Osorio ◽  
Oscar J. Lara-Guzmán
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Free System ◽  
Oxidative Markers ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Traditional Medicinal Plants ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Cox 1

Aerial parts of Cuphea calophylla, Tibouchina kingii, and Pseudelephantopus spiralis have been used in Colombian traditional medicine for inflammation. However, the underlying mechanisms that could explain the anti-inflammatory actions remain unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective effects of hydroalcoholic extracts from C. calophylla (HECC), T. kingii (HETK), and P. spiralis (HEPS) in LPS-stimulated THP-1 macrophages. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were monitored as inflammatory and oxidative markers. The inhibition of lipoxygenase (LOX) and cyclooxygenase (COX) activities in a cell-free system were also investigated. Antioxidant activities were determined using standard in vitro methods. All extracts inhibited the NO, ROS, and MDA levels. HETK showed the highest ROS production inhibition and the highest antioxidant values, whereas HETK and HEPS significantly decreased the cytotoxicity mediated by LPS. The release of MDA was reduced significantly by all extracts. Moreover, the catalytic activity of LOX was inhibited by HECC and HETK. HECC was a more potent reducer of COX-2 activity. All extracts effectively suppressed COX-1 activity. In summary, these results suggest that HECC, HEPS, and HETK possess anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, these plants could provide a valuable source of natural bioactive compounds for the treatment of inflammatory-related diseases.

scholarly journals Ekstrak Etanol Daun Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi) sebagai Antioksidan dan Antiinflamasi

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Hasim Hasim ◽  
Yupi Yulianita Arifin ◽  
Dimas Andrianto ◽  
Didah Nur Faridah
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Belimbing wuluh merupakan tanaman jenis buah dan obat tradisional. Tanaman belimbing wuluh sudah sering dimanfaatkan masyarakat salah satunya untuk mengobati penyakit seperti batuk dan radang rektum. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji senyawa fitokimia, menganalisis kandungan total fenolik dan flavonoid, serta aktivitas antioksidan dan antiinflamasi secara in vitro pada ekstrak etanol daun belimbing wuluh. Metode yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini adalah ekstraksi daun belimbing wuluh, skrining fitokimia, perhitungan total fenol dan flavonoid, uji aktivitas antioksidan, dan uji aktivitas antiinflamasi. Senyawa fitokimia yang terkandung pada ekstrak etanol daun belimbing wuluh adalah saponin, tanin, steroid, flavonoid, dan alkaloid. Kandungan total fenolik dan flavonoid ekstrak etanol daun belimbing wuluh secara berturut-turut sebesar 39,03 dan 97,28 µg QE/mg. Ekstrak etanol daun belimbing wuluh memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang tergolong sangat kuat, sementara aktivitas antiinflamasinya terutama ditunjukkan pada konsentrasi ekstrak 200 µg/ ml, memiliki nilai persen inhibisi hemolisis yang paling tinggi. Kesimpulannya, ekstrak etanol daun belimbing wuluh dapat menjadi salah satu sumber antioksidan dan antiinflamasi alami.Ethanol Extracts of Averrhoa Bilimbi Leaf Demonstrated Antioxidative and Anti-inflammatory ActivityAbstractAverrhoa bilimbi, a fruit-bearing plant, has been traditionally used for medicinal purposes such as treatment of cough and rectal inflammation. In this current work, ethanol extract of Averrhoa bilimbi leaf was analyzed, with regard to phytochemical composition, i.e. total phenolic, and flavonoid, antioxidant activity, and in vitro antiinflammation activity. Extraction of carambola leaves, phytochemical screening, total phenolic and flavonoid contens, assay of antioxidant activity, and assay of anti-inflammatory activity were done in this research. As a result, the leaf extract positively contained some phytochemical compounds, i.e. saponin, tannin, steroid, flavonoid, and alkaloid. Furthermore, total phenolic and flavonoid of the leaf extract was found at 39.03 and 97.28 µg QE/mg extract, respectively. Additionally, antioxidant activity of the leaf extract was classified as very strong, while its anti-inflammatory feature at extract concentration of 200 µg/ml exhibited the highest inhibition of hemolysis. In summary, the ability of Averrhoa bilimbi leaf ethanol extracts to act as antioxidative and anti-inflammatory agents was determined and this may open the use for natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.

scholarly journals Stauntonia hexaphylla leaf extract (YRA-1909) suppresses inflammation by modulating Akt/NF-κB signaling in lipopolysaccharide-activated peritoneal macrophages and rodent models of inflammation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaeyong Kim ◽  
Gyuok Lee ◽  
Huwon Kang ◽  
Ji-Seok Yoo ◽  
Yongnam Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Inflammatory Stimuli ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Inflammation is emerging as a key contributor to many vascular diseases and furthermore plays a major role in autoimmune diseases, arthritis, allergic reactions, and cancer. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is a component constituting the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, is commonly used for an inflammatory stimuli to mimic inflammatory diseases. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is a transcription factor and regulates gene expression particularly related to the inflammatory process. Stauntonia hexaphylla (Lardizabalaceae) is widely used as a traditional herbal medicine for rheumatism and osteoporosis and as an analgesic, sedative, and diuretic in Korea, Japan, and China. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of YRA-1909, the leaf aqueous extract of Stauntonia hexaphylla using LPS-activated rat peritoneal macrophages and rodent inflammation models. Results: YRA-1909 inhibited the LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) and proinflammatory cytokine production in rat peritoneal macrophages without causing cytotoxicity and reduced inducible NO synthase and prostaglandin E2 levels without affecting the cyclooxygenase-2 expression. YRA-1909 also prevented the LPS-stimulated Akt and NF-κB phosphorylation and reduced the carrageenan-induced hind paw edema, xylene-induced ear edema, acetic acid-induced vascular permeation, and cotton pellet-induced granuloma formation in a dose-dependent manner in mice and rats. Conclusions: S. hexaphylla leaf extract YRA-1909 had anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo that involves modulation of Akt/NF-κB signaling. Thus, YRA-1909 is safe and effective for the treatment of inflammation.

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