scholarly journals Mitochondrial and Oxidative Unbalance in Placentas from Mothers with SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1517
Author(s):  
Chiara Mandò ◽  
Valeria M. Savasi ◽  
Gaia M. Anelli ◽  
Silvia Corti ◽  
Anaïs Serati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Respiratory Chain ◽  
Mitochondrial Dynamics ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Dna Oxidative Damage ◽  
Oxidative Balance ◽  
Mitochondrial Efficiency ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

SARS-CoV-2 infection has been related to adverse pregnancy outcomes. A placental role in protecting the fetus from SARS-CoV-2 infection has been documented. Nevertheless, it is still unclear how the placenta is affected in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here we assessed placental mitochondrial (mt) and oxidative features in COVID-19 and healthy mothers. mtDNA levels, DNA oxidative damage, expression levels of genes involved in antioxidant defenses, mitochondrial dynamics and respiratory chain subunits were investigated in placentas from singleton pregnancies of 30 women with SARS-CoV-2 infection during the third trimester (12 asymptomatic, 18 symptomatic) and 16 controls. mtDNA levels decreased in COVID-19 placentas vs. controls and inversely correlated with DNA oxidative damage, which increased in the symptomatic group. Antioxidant gene expressions decreased in SARS-CoV-2 mothers (CAT, GSS). Symptomatic cases also showed a lower expression of respiratory chain (NDUFA9, SDHA, COX4I1) and mt dynamics (DNM1L, FIS1) genes. Alterations in placental mitochondrial features and oxidative balance in COVID-19-affected mothers might be due to the impaired intrauterine environment, generated by systemic viral effects, leading to a negative vicious circle that worsens placental oxidative stress and mitochondrial efficiency. This likely causes cell homeostasis dysregulations, raising the potential of possible long-term effects.

Pristanic Acid Provokes Lipid, Protein, and DNA Oxidative Damage and Reduces the Antioxidant Defenses in Cerebellum of Young Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 751-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estela Natacha Brandt Busanello ◽  
Vannessa Gonçalves Araujo Lobato ◽  
Ângela Zanatta ◽  
Clarissa Günther Borges ◽  
Anelise Miotti Tonin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Pristanic Acid ◽  
Dna Oxidative Damage ◽  
Young Rats

Effects of docosahexaenoic acid diet supplementation, training, and acute exercise on oxidative balance in neutrophils

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 446-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miquel Martorell ◽  
Xavier Capó ◽  
Antoni Sureda ◽  
Josep A. Tur ◽  
Antoni Pons
Keyword(s):  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Immune Stimulation ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Oxidative Balance ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Diet Supplementation

Diet supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids could influence the oxidative equilibrium, enhancing a pro-oxidant status. The aim was to determine the effects of diet supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), training, and acute exercise on oxidative balance in neutrophils. Fifteen volunteer male soccer players were randomly assigned to a placebo or experimental group. The placebo group was supplemented with an almond-based beverage whereas the experimental group was supplemented with the same beverage enriched with DHA, in addition to their Mediterranean-type diet. Three blood samples were taken: in basal conditions at the beginning of the nutritional intervention and after 8 weeks of training season in basal and postexercise conditions. The training season significantly increased the antioxidant defenses of neutrophils, such as catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase enzyme activities; and decreased oxidative damage markers such as malondialdehyde, carbonyl and nitrotyrosine indexes. Oxidative damage markers decreased in neutrophils after acute exercise, which primed neutrophils to produce reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) after immune stimulation with zymosan or phorbol myristate acetate in trained footballers. DHA supplementation resulted in no significant effects on oxidative stress balance in neutrophils. In conclusion, DHA supplementation did not modify the adaptive response of the antioxidant system of neutrophils to training or the production of RONS induced by immune stimulation after acute exercise.

Long-term effects of systemic cancer treatment on DNA oxidative damage: The potential for targeted therapies

2012 ◽  
Vol 327 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 134-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Vera-Ramirez ◽  
MCarmen Ramirez-Tortosa ◽  
Patricia Perez-Lopez ◽  
Sergio Granados-Principal ◽  
Maurizio Battino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Targeted Therapies ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Dna Oxidative Damage

Chemoprotective Effects of Propolis on Aflatoxin B1-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats: Oxidative Damage and Hepatotoxicity by Modulating TP53, Oxidative Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-199
Author(s):  
Seval Yilmaz ◽  
Fatih Mehmet Kandemir ◽  
Emre Kaya ◽  
Mustafa Ozkaraca
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Tp53 Gene ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Cat Gene ◽  
Gst Activity

Objective: This study aimed to detect hepatic oxidative damage caused by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), as well as to examine how propolis protects against hepatotoxic effects of AFB1. Method: Rats were split into four groups as control group, AFB1 group, propolis group, AFB1+ propolis group. Results: There was significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) level and tumor suppressor protein (TP53) gene expression, Glutathione (GSH) level, Catalase (CAT) activity, CAT gene expression decreased in AFB1 group in blood. MDA level and Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST) activity, GST and TP53 gene expressions increased in AFB1 group, whereas GSH level and CAT activity alongside CAT gene expression decreased in liver. AFB1+propolis group showed significant decrease in MDA level, GST activity, TP53 and GST gene expressions, GSH level and CAT activity and CAT gene expression increased in liver compared to AFB1 group. Conclusion: These results suggest that propolis may potentially be natural agent that prevents AFB1- induced oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity.

scholarly journals Jinmaitong decreases sciatic nerve DNA oxidative damage and apoptosis in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 778-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
DE-HAI YIN ◽  
XIAO-CHUN LIANG ◽  
LI ZHAO ◽  
HONG ZHANG ◽  
QING SUN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Dna Oxidative Damage ◽  
Diabetic Rat Model

scholarly journals Are Microplastics Impairing Marine Fish Larviculture?—Preliminary Results with Argyrosomus regius

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Diana Campos ◽  
Andreia C. M. Rodrigues ◽  
Rui J. M. Rocha ◽  
Roberto Martins ◽  
Ana Candeias-Mendes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Fish Larvae ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Early Ontogeny ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Nutritional Requirements ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Argyrosomus Regius ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Aquaculture Facilities

The presence of small-sized (<300 µm) microplastics (MPs) in aquaculture facilities may threaten finfish hatchery, as their (in)voluntary ingestion by fish larvae may compromise nutritional requirements during early ontogeny, and consequently larval health and performance. Thus, we addressed the short-term effects (7 h) of polyethylene microplastics (0.1, 1.0, 10 mg/L, PE-MPs) in meagre larvae Argyrosomus regius (15 dph) in the presence/absence of food. Larval feeding behavior, oxidative stress status, neurotoxicity, and metabolic requirements were evaluated. Results showed that meagre larvae ingested PE-MPs regardless of their concentration, decreasing in the presence of food (Artemia metanauplii). The presence of PE-MPs compromised larval feeding activity at the highest concentration. Under starvation, exposed larvae activated the antioxidant defenses by increasing the total glutathione levels and inhibiting catalase activity, which seemed efficient to prevent oxidative damage. Such larvae also presented increased energy consumption potentially related to oxidative damage prevention and decreased neurotransmission. Biochemical responses of fed larvae showed a similar trend, except for LPO, which remained unaffected, except at 0.1 mg/PE-MPs/L. Our results suggest that small-sized MPs in finfish hatcheries may compromise larvae nutritional requirements, but at considerably higher levels than those reported in marine environments. Nevertheless, cumulative adverse effects due to lower MPs concentrations may occur.

scholarly journals Effects of glutamine supplementation on oxidative stress-related gene expression and antioxidant properties in rats with streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes

2011 ◽  
Vol 107 (8) ◽  
pp. 1112-1118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Hsuan Tsai ◽  
Jun-Jen Liu ◽  
Chui-Li Yeh ◽  
Wan-Chun Chiu ◽  
Sung-Ling Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Oxidative Stress Related Gene

There are close links among hyperglycaemia, oxidative stress and diabetic complications. Glutamine (GLN) is an amino acid with immunomodulatory properties. The present study investigated the effect of dietary GLN on oxidative stress-relative gene expressions and tissue oxidative damage in diabetes. There were one normal control (NC) and two diabetic groups in the present study. Diabetes was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of nicotinamide followed by streptozotocin (STZ). Rats in the NC group were fed a regular chow diet. In the two diabetic groups, one group (diabetes mellitus, DM) was fed a common semi-purified diet while the other group received a diet in which part of the casein was replaced by GLN (DM-GLN). GLN provided 25 % of total amino acid N. The experimental groups were fed the respective diets for 8 weeks, and then the rats were killed for further analysis. The results showed that blood thioredoxin-interacting protein (Txnip) mRNA expression in the diabetic groups was higher than that in the NC group. Compared with the DM group, the DM-GLN group had lower glutamine fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1, a receptor of advanced glycation end products, and Txnip gene expressions in blood mononuclear cells. The total antioxidant capacity was lower and antioxidant enzyme activities were altered by the diabetic condition. GLN supplementation increased antioxidant capacity and normalised antioxidant enzyme activities. Also, the renal nitrotyrosine level and Txnip mRNA expression were lower when GLN was administered. These results suggest that dietary GLN supplementation decreases oxidative stress-related gene expression, increases the antioxidant potential and may consequently attenuate renal oxidative damage in rats with STZ-induced diabetes.

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