scholarly journals Tocotrienols as an Anti-Breast Cancer Agent

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1383
Author(s):  
Madison Trujillo ◽  
Anupreet Kharbanda ◽  
Christa Corley ◽  
Pilar Simmons ◽  
Antiño R. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cancer Models ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Pharmacological Potential ◽  
Cancer Agent ◽  
Future Landscape

In the past few years, breast cancer has become the most prevalent type of cancer. The majority of patients receive combinatorial chemotherapy treatments, which may result in increased risk of developing drug resistance, a reduced quality of life, and substantial side effects. Treatment modalities that could lessen the physical toll of standard treatments or act in synergy with chemotherapeutic treatments would benefit women worldwide. Research into tocotrienols has thus far demonstrated their potential to be such an agent, with tocotrienols surpassing the pharmacological potential of tocopherols. Further research using in vitro and preclinical breast cancer models to support clinical trials is needed. This review uses bibliometric analysis to highlight this gap in research and summarizes the current and future landscape of tocotrienols as an anti-breast cancer agent.

The truncated somatostatin receptor sst5TMD4 stimulates the production of pro-angiogenic factors in in vitro and in vivo breast cancer models

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul M Luque ◽  
Mario Duran-Prado ◽  
David Rincon-Fernandez ◽  
Marta Hergueta-Redondo ◽  
Michael D Culler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Somatostatin Receptor ◽  
Angiogenic Factors ◽  
Cancer Models

scholarly journals Estrogens and Progestogens in Triple Negative Breast Cancer: Do They Harm?

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2506
Author(s):  
Mark van Barele ◽  
Bernadette A. M. Heemskerk-Gerritsen ◽  
Yvonne V. Louwers ◽  
Mijntje B. Vastbinder ◽  
John W. M. Martens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Alternative Pathways ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hormone Sensitive

Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) occur more frequently in younger women and do not express estrogen receptor (ER) nor progesterone receptor (PR), and are therefore often considered hormone-insensitive. Treatment of premenopausal TNBC patients almost always includes chemotherapy, which may lead to premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and can severely impact quality of life. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is contraindicated for patients with a history of hormone-sensitive breast cancer, but the data on safety for TNBC patients is inconclusive, with a few randomized trials showing increased risk-ratios with wide confidence intervals for recurrence after HRT. Here, we review the literature on alternative pathways from the classical ER/PR. We find that for both estrogens and progestogens, potential alternatives exist for exerting their effects on TNBC, ranging from receptor conversion, to alternative receptors capable of binding estrogens, as well as paracrine pathways, such as RANK/RANKL, which can cause progestogens to indirectly stimulate growth and metastasis of TNBC. Finally, HRT may also influence other hormones, such as androgens, and their effects on TNBCs expressing androgen receptors (AR). Concluding, the assumption that TNBC is completely hormone-insensitive is incorrect. However, the direction of the effects of the alternative pathways is not always clear, and will need to be investigated further.

scholarly journals Understanding the Impact of 2D and 3D Fibroblast Cultures on In Vitro Breast Cancer Models

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. e76373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung Eun Sung ◽  
Xiaojing Su ◽  
Erwin Berthier ◽  
Carolyn Pehlke ◽  
Andreas Friedl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Fibroblast Cultures ◽  
Cancer Models ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Investigating Associations Between Health-Related Quality of Life and Endocrine Therapy Underuse in Women With Early-Stage Breast Cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. e463-e473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura C. Pinheiro ◽  
Stephanie B. Wheeler ◽  
Katherine E. Reeder-Hayes ◽  
Cleo A. Samuel ◽  
Andrew F. Olshan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Endocrine Therapy ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Purpose: Endocrine therapy (ET) underuse puts women at increased risk for breast cancer (BC) recurrence. Our objective was to determine if health-related quality of life (HRQOL) subgroups were associated with underuse. Methods: Data came from the third phase of the Carolina Breast Cancer Study. We included 1,599 women with hormone receptor–positive BC age 20 to 74 years. HRQOL was measured, on average, 5 months postdiagnosis. Subgroups were derived using latent profile (LP) analysis. Underuse was defined as not initiating or adhering to ET by 36 months postdiagnosis. Multivariable logistic regression models estimated adjusted odds ratios (ORs) between HRQOL LPs and underuse. The best HRQOL LP was the reference. Chemotherapy- and race-stratified models were estimated, separately. Results: Initiation analyses included 953 women who had not begun ET by their 5-month survey. Of these, 154 never initiated ET. Adherence analyses included 1,114 ET initiators, of whom 211 were nonadherent. HRQOL was not significantly associated with noninitiation, except among nonchemotherapy users, with membership in the poorest LP associated with increased odds of noninitiation (adjusted OR, 5.5; 95% CI, 1.7 to 17.4). Membership in the poorest LPs was associated with nonadherence (LP1: adjusted OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.2 to 4.0 and LP2: adjusted OR,1.9; 95% CI, 1.1 to 3.6). Membership in the poorest LP was associated with nonadherence among nonchemotherapy users (adjusted OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.2 to 5.1). Conclusion: Our results suggest women with poor HRQOL during active treatment may be at increased risk for ET underuse. Focusing on HRQOL, a modifiable factor, may improve targeting of future interventions early in the BC continuum to improve ET initiation and adherence and prevent BC recurrence.

THE RISK OF DEVELOPING GYNECOLOGICAL CANCER IN WOMEN AFTER AN IN VITRO FERTILIZATION PROGRAM

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Allakhyarov D.Z. ◽  
Petrov Yu.A. ◽  
Palieva N.V.
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Gynecological Cancer ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fertilization Program ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Increased Risk

This article presents reviews of literature sources on the issue of assessing the risk of developing gynecological cancer in women after an in vitro fertilization program. Infertility and infertile marriages have now become quite a big problem of modern medicine. Against the background of the unfavorable demographic situation in the Russian Federation, this problem is becoming quite urgent. The main way to solve this situation is assisted reproductive technologies, among which the most common is in vitro fertilization. The in vitro fertilization program is accompanied by a hormonal ovulation stimulation procedure to obtain a female germ cell capable of fertilization. Against the background of the active use of the in vitro fertilization procedure, many patients had concerns related to the risk of developing gynecological cancer after the IVF procedure, which is due to the use of hormonal drugs to stimulate the ovaries. Also of concern is the fact that certain types of cancer, including ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer and breast cancer, are hormone-dependent. In this regard, multiple large-scale studies were conducted, which showed that the risk of developing gynecological cancer is really increased in patients after the in vitro fertilization program. In particular, breast cancer in women after the in vitro fertilization program is more common by 10%, and in women without a history of pregnancy and over the age of 40, it is more common by 31%. The increased risk may be due to age-related vulnerability to the effects of hormones or higher doses of hormones during the IVF procedure. Ovarian cancer and endometrial cancer are also more common in patients after IVF. According to the research results, it is suggested that it is not the IVF procedure itself that causes the development of cancer, but excessive hormonal load of the body, which leads to the launch of carcinogenesis.

Quality of Life and Well-Being of Breast Cancer Patients

2020 ◽  
pp. 67-94
Author(s):  
Melisa Anderson ◽  
Dwayne Tucker ◽  
Fabian G. Miller ◽  
Kurt Vaz ◽  
Lennox Anderson-Jackson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Physical Aspect ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Malignant Breast

Breast cancer is a disease in which there is increased proliferation of malignant breast cells. This disease is more likely to begin in the ducts or lobules rather than the connective tissue. Globally, breast cancer is the most regularly diagnosed cancer. It is also a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in females. While cancer of the breast affects the physical aspect of patients, it can also negatively impact the quality of life (QoL) of survivors. There is a dearth of information, especially in the last decade, on the negative impact of breast cancer and treatment modalities on the QoL of patients. This review of the literature will examine the QoL and well-being of breast cancer patients to present a current perspective on the topic. Major findings of past and present articles that have contributed to improving the care of breast cancer patients will be summarized and included.

scholarly journals Anticancer Activity of Andrographolide Semisynthetic Derivatives

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidya Menon ◽  
Sujata Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Cancer Models ◽  
In Vivo Antitumor Activity

Andrographolide 1, a diterpene lactone of Andrographis paniculata, displays in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity against breast cancer models and mouse myeloid leukemia (M1) cells. In the present study, we report the semi-synthesis of andrographolide derivatives and their in vitro activity against A549 (ATCC) (NSCL cancer) cell line. Amongst the derivatives tested, compounds 3- 5 displayed maximum activity, with IC50 values of 22-31 μg/mL.

scholarly journals Hemoperfusion leads to impairment in hemostasis and coagulation process in patients with acute pesticide intoxication

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samel Park ◽  
Md-Imtiazul Islam ◽  
Ji-Hun Jeong ◽  
Nam-Jun Cho ◽  
Ho-yeon Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Thrombin Generation ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Platelet Surface ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Risk Of Bleeding ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Change

Abstract Hemoperfusion (HP) is one of the important treatment modalities in extracorporeal therapy for patients with acute intoxication. Its use has declined during the past 20 years despite its efficacy, because of its side effects, especially an increased risk of bleeding. Mechanisms of hemostasis impairment have not been clearly elucidated and studies demonstrating the mechanism are lacking. It is not clear which step of the hemostatic process is impaired during HP, and whether it leads to an increased risk of bleeding. We performed both in vivo and in vitro studies to elucidate the mechanism of impairment in the hemostatic process. In patients with acute pesticide intoxication who underwent HP, the platelet count decreased rapidly during the first 30 minutes from 242.4 ± 57.7 × 103/μL to 184.8 ± 49.6 × 103/μL, then gradually decreased even lower to 145.4 ± 61.2 × 103/μL over time (p < 0.001). As markers of platelet activation, platelet distribution width increased continuously during HP from 41.98 ± 9.28% to 47.69 ± 11.18% (p < 0.05), however, mean platelet volume did not show significant change. In scanning electron microscopy, activated platelets adhered to modified charcoal were observed, and delayed closure time after HP in PFA-100 test suggested platelet dysfunction occurred during HP. To confirm these conflicting results, changes of glycoprotein expression on the platelet surface were evaluated when platelets were exposed to modified charcoal in vitro. Platelet expression of CD61, fibrinogen receptor, significantly decreased from 95.2 ± 0.9% to 73.9 ± 1.6%, while those expressing CD42b, von Willebrand factor receptor, did not show significant change. However, platelet expression of CD49b, collagen receptor, significantly increased from 24.6 ± 0.7% to 51.9 ± 2.3%. Thrombin-antithrombin complex, a marker for thrombin generation, appeared to decrease, however, it was not statistically significant. Fibrin degradation products and d-dimers, markers for fibrinolysis, increased significantly during HP. Taken together, our data suggests that hemoperfusion leads to impairment of platelet aggregation with incomplete platelet activation, which was associated with reduced thrombin generation, accompanied by increased fibrinolysis.

scholarly journals Ginsenoside Rg3: Potential Molecular Targets and Therapeutic Indication in Metastatic Breast Cancer

Medicines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Nakhjavani ◽  
Jennifer E Hardingham ◽  
Helen M Palethorpe ◽  
Yoko Tomita ◽  
Eric Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Ginsenoside Rg3 ◽  
Cancer Models ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Ginseng Plant

Breast cancer is still one of the most prevalent cancers and a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The key challenge with cancer treatment is the choice of the best therapeutic agents with the least possible toxicities on the patient. Recently, attention has been drawn to herbal compounds, in particular ginsenosides, extracted from the root of the Ginseng plant. In various studies, significant anti-cancer properties of ginsenosides have been reported in different cancers. The mode of action of ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3) in in vitro and in vivo breast cancer models and its value as an anti-cancer treatment for breast cancer will be reviewed.

Therapeutic and preventive properties of honey and its bioactive compounds in cancer: an evidence-based review

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadia Afrin ◽  
Shoja M. Haneefa ◽  
Maria J. Fernandez-Cabezudo ◽  
Francesca Giampieri ◽  
Basel K. al-Ramadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Cancer Models ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Preclinical Animal Models

AbstractDespite the much improved therapeutic approaches for cancer treatment that have been developed over the past 50 years, cancer remains a major cause of mortality globally. Considerable epidemiological and experimental evidence has demonstrated an association between ingestion of food and nutrients with either an increased risk for cancer or its prevention. There is rising interest in exploring agents derived from natural products for chemoprevention or for therapeutic purposes. Honey is rich in nutritional and non-nutritional bioactive compounds, as well as in natural antioxidants, and its potential beneficial function in human health is becoming more evident. A large number of studies have addressed the anti-cancer effects of different types of honey and their phenolic compounds using in vitro and in vivo cancer models. The reported findings affirm that honey is an agent able to modulate oxidative stress and has anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, immune-modulatory and anti-metastatic properties. However, despite its reported anti-cancer activities, very few clinical studies have been undertaken. In the present review, we summarise the findings from different experimental approaches, including in vitro cell cultures, preclinical animal models and clinical studies, and provide an overview of the bioactive profile and bioavailability of the most commonly studied honey types, with special emphasis on the chemopreventive and therapeutic properties of honey and its major phenolic compounds in cancer. The implications of these findings as well as the future prospects of utilising honey to fight cancer will be discussed.

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