scholarly journals Noble 3,4-Seco-triterpenoid Glycosides from the Fruits of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus and Their Anti-Neuroinflammatory Effects

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1334
Author(s):  
Bo-Ram Choi ◽  
Hyoung-Geun Kim ◽  
Wonmin Ko ◽  
Linsha Dong ◽  
Dahye Yoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Raw264.7 Cells ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Mapk Phosphorylation ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Acanthopanax Sessiliflorus ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Triterpenoid Glycosides ◽  
New Compounds

Acanthopanax sessiliflorus (Araliaceae) have been reported to exhibit many pharmacological activities. Our preliminary study suggested that A. sessiliflorus fruits include many bioactive 3,4-seco-triterpenoids. A. sessiliflorus fruits were extracted in aqueous EtOH and fractionated into EtOAc, n-BuOH, and H2O fractions. Repeated column chromatographies for the organic fractions led to the isolation of 3,4-seco-triterpenoid glycosides, including new compounds. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) mass spectrometry (MS) systems were used for quantitation and quantification. BV2 and RAW264.7 cells were induced by LPS, and the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators and their underlying mechanisms were measured by ELISA and Western blotting. NMR, IR, and HR-MS analyses revealed the chemical structures of the nine noble 3,4-seco-triterpenoid glycosides, acanthosessilioside G–O, and two known ones. The amounts of the compounds were 0.01–2.806 mg/g, respectively. Acanthosessilioside K, L, and M were the most effective in inhibiting NO, PGE2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 production and reducing iNOS and COX-2 expression. In addition, it had inhibitory effects on the LPS-induced p38 and ERK MAPK phosphorylation in both BV2 and RAW264.7 cells. Nine noble 3,4-seco-triterpenoid glycosides were isolated from A. sessiliflorus fruits, and acanthosessilioside K, L, and M showed high anti-inflammatory and anti-neuroinflammatory effects.

scholarly journals New Truxinic and Truxillic Acid Sucrose Diesters From the Leaves of Trigonostemon honbaensis

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2199914
Author(s):  
Ninh Khac Ban ◽  
Bui Huu Tai ◽  
Vu Kim Thu ◽  
Phan Van Kiem
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectra ◽  
Raw264.7 Cells ◽  
No Production ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Esi Ms ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Extensive Analysis ◽  
Truxillic Acid

A new δ-truxinic acid sucrose diester and a new ε-truxillic acid sucrose diester (named trigohonbanosides E and F) were isolated from the leaves of Trigonostemon honbaensis. Their chemical structures were determined by extensive analysis of their HR-ESI-MS and NMR spectra. At a concentration of 20 µM, trigohonbanosides E and F exhibited weak inhibitory effects on NO production in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells with inhibitory percentages of 22.7% ± 1.1% and 18.5% ± 1.4%, respectively.

scholarly journals Natalenamides A–C, Cyclic Tripeptides from the Termite-Associated Actinomadura sp. RB99

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 3003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seoung Rak Lee ◽  
Dahae Lee ◽  
Jae Sik Yu ◽  
René Benndorf ◽  
Sullim Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cyclic Peptides ◽  
Culture Broth ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Associated Bacteria ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
Powerful Strategy

In recent years, investigations into the biochemistry of insect-associated bacteria have increased. When combined with analytical dereplication processes, these studies provide a powerful strategy to identify structurally and/or biologically novel compounds. Non-ribosomally synthesized cyclic peptides have a broad bioactivity spectrum with high medicinal potential. Here, we report the discovery of three new cyclic tripeptides: natalenamides A–C (compounds 1–3). These compounds were identified from the culture broth of the fungus-growing termite-associated Actinomadura sp. RB99 using a liquid chromatography (LC)/ultraviolet (UV)/mass spectrometry (MS)-based dereplication method. Chemical structures of the new compounds (1–3) were established by analysis of comprehensive spectroscopic methods, including one-dimensional (1H and 13C) and two-dimensional (1H-1H-COSY, HSQC, HMBC) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), together with high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESIMS) data. The absolute configurations of the new compounds were elucidated using Marfey’s analysis. Through several bioactivity tests for the tripeptides, we found that compound 3 exhibited significant inhibitory effects on 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX)-induced melanin production. The effect of compound 3 was similar to that of kojic acid, a compound extensively used as a cosmetic material with a skin-whitening effect.

scholarly journals A Combination of Geniposide and Chlorogenic Acid Combination Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Mice by Inhibiting Kupffer Cell Activation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Xin Xin ◽  
Yue Jin ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Beiyu Cai ◽  
Ziming An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Raw264.7 Cells ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Macrophage Colony ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Factor Α

The incidence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is increasing worldwide. Activation of Kupffer cells (KCs) is central to the development of diet-induced NASH. We investigated whether a combination of two active chemical components, geniposide and chlorogenic acid (GC), at a specific ratio (67 : 1), ameliorates diet-induced NASH and the underlying mechanisms involved. C57BL/6J mice exposed to a high-fat and high-cholesterol (HFHC) diet containing cholesterol, choline, and high-sugar drinking water, as well as RAW264.7 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were studied. The combination exerted a therapeutic effect on HFHC-induced NASH in mice. Simultaneously, GC was found to reduce the expression of cytokines secreted by hepatic macrophages, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1α (IL-1α), IL-1β, IL-6, monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Moreover, GC reduced the number of KCs expressing F4/80. Furthermore, TNF-α, inducible nitric oxide synthase (INOS), IL-1β, and IL-6 mRNA and TNF-α protein expression levels were suppressed upon GC treatment in RAW264.7 cells. Our findings suggest that GC has a strong anti-inflammatory effect in NASH, and this effect can be attributed to the suppression of KC activity in the liver.

scholarly journals Inhibitory effects of oligochitosan on TNF-α, IL-1β and nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 729-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIE ZHU ◽  
YUANYUAN ZHANG ◽  
GUOYOU WU ◽  
ZHEN XIAO ◽  
HUANQIN ZHOU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Raw264.7 Cells ◽  
Nitric Oxide Production ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Oxide Production ◽  
Tnf Α

scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Benzochroman and Acylglycerols from Massa Medicata Fermentata and Their Inhibitory Effects on LPS-Stimulated Cytokine Production in Bone Marrow-Derived Dendritic Cells

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 2400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Sun ◽  
Seo Yang ◽  
Young-Sang Koh ◽  
Young Kim ◽  
Wei Li
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Reported Data

Massa Medicata Fermentata (MMF), known as Shenqu, is an important traditional Chinese medicine widely used to treat indigestion, vomiting, and diarrhea. In this study, a new benzochroman, 3(S)-3,4-dihydro-5,10-di-β-d-glucopyranoside-2,2-dimethyl-2H-naphtho(2,3-b)pyran-3-ol (1), and five known galactosyl acylglycerols (2–6) were isolated from a methanol extract from MMF. In addition, their chemical structures were determined by chemical and spectroscopic methods, which were compared with the previously reported data. Furthermore, the effects of isolated compounds on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated bone marrow-derived dendritic cells were investigated. Compounds 1–3 exhibited significant inhibitory effects on the LPS-induced production of IL-6 and IL-12 p40, with IC50 values ranging from 1.6 to 10.2 μM. Compounds 2 and 3 also exhibited strong inhibitory effects on the LPS-stimulated production of TNF-α with IC50 values of 12.0 and 11.2 μM, respectively. The results might provide a scientific basis for the development of the active components in MMF, as well as for novel anti-inflammatory agents.

scholarly journals Phenolic Compounds and Ginsenosides in Ginseng Shoots and Their Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Capacities in LPS-Induced RAW264.7 Mouse Macrophages

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 2951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Yao ◽  
Qiang Xue ◽  
Ke Li ◽  
Xinxin Cao ◽  
Liwei Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Raw264.7 Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Mouse Macrophages ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
First Time

We conducted this study for the first time to evaluate changes in the composition and contents of phenolic compounds and ginsenosides in ginseng shoot extracts (GSEs) prepared with different steaming times (2, 4, and 6 h) at 120 °C, as well as their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 mouse macrophages (RAW264.7 cells). The results show that total phenol and flavonoid contents were both significantly higher in steamed versus raw GSEs, and the same trend was found for 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) and 2,2′-azobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS•+) scavenging capacities. Among the 18 ginsenosides quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with the aid of pure standards, polar ginsenosides were abundant in raw GSEs, whereas less-polar or rare ginsenosides appeared after steaming at 120 °C and increased with steaming time. Furthermore, steamed GSEs exhibited a greater ability to inhibit the production of inflammatory mediators and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as nitric oxide (NO), interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells at the same concentration. Relative expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), IL-6, TNF-α, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNAs were attenuated by the GSEs, probably due to the enrichment of less-polar ginsenosides and enhanced antioxidant activity in steamed GSEs. These findings, combined with correlation analysis, showed that less-polar ginsenosides were major contributors to the inhibition of the overproduction of various inflammatory factors, while the inhibitory effects of total phenols and total flavonoids, and their antioxidant abilities, are also important.

Overview of Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Herbal Compounds for Inhibiting Osteoclastogenesis from Macrophage Linage RAW264.7

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 570-578
Author(s):  
Gaole He ◽  
Rui Ma
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Blocking Effect ◽  
Raw264.7 Cells ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Differentiation from RAW264.7 cells to osteoclasts rely on many signaling pathways, such as NF-κB, MAPK, Akt and others. However, the specific underlying mechanisms are not clear. Recently, much works have focused on the inhibitory effects of plant derived compounds in the differentiation from RAW264.7 to osteoclasts. However, the specific mechanisms remain unclear. In this paper, we summarize a lot of plant derived compounds which exert blocking effect on the progression of differentiation via signaling pathways.

scholarly journals Extraction, Quantification, and Cytokine Inhibitory Response of Bakuchiol in Psoralea coryfolia Linn.

Separations ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Deepak Khuranna ◽  
Sanchit Sharma ◽  
Showkat Rasool Mir ◽  
Mohd Aqil ◽  
Ajaz Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Response ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Circulating Levels

(1) Background: The present investigation studies the optimization of extraction, quantification, and cytokine inhibitory effects bakuchiol (BKL) in Psoralea coryfolia Linn. (2) Methods: The seeds of Psoralea coryfolia cleaned, dried, and powdered. Different separation methods maceration, reflux, Soxhlet, and ultrasonic assisted extraction (UAE) were employed for the isolation of BKL by five pure solvents. The quantity of BKL was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method to determine the highest yield percentage. The effect of optimized BKL was then tested in an animal model of sepsis induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS). (3) Results: The UAE method was found to be the best among tested separation methods and yielded highest percentage of BKL in petroleum ether extract. Septic rats showed a significant elevation in levels of biochemical markers like AST, ALT, ALP, BIL, SCr, and BUN in plasma. Proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1) levels were also increased in LPS-induced animals. BKL has been found to significantly reverse these elevated levels as compared to the LPS-induced animals. (4) Conclusion: The present results suggest that BKL has positive effects when administered in animals with pathogenic shock by decreasing the circulating levels of biomarkers. Further studies are necessary to explore the clinical implications of such findings.

scholarly journals New Eudesmane-Type Sesquiterpene Glycosides from the Leaves of Aster koraiensis

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1811
Author(s):  
Ji-Young Kim ◽  
Young Hye Seo ◽  
Im-Ho Lee ◽  
He Yun Choi ◽  
Hak Cheol Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectroscopic Data ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Isolation Procedure ◽  
Pge2 Production ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Etoh Extract ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
First Time

Four new eudesmane-type sesquiterpenoids, (1R,5S,6R,7S,9S,10S)-1,6,9-trihydroxy-eudesm-3-ene-1,6-di-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (1), (1R,5S,6S,7R,9S,10S)-1,6,9,11-tetrahydroxy-eudesm-3-ene-1,6-di-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (3), (1R,5S,6R,7S,9S,10R)-9-O-(Z-p-coumaroyl)-1,6,9-trihydroxy-eudesm-3-ene-6-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (6), and (1R,5S,6R,7S,9S,10R)-9-O-(E-feruloyl)-1,6,9-trihydroxy-eudesm-3-ene-6-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (7), were isolated from a 95% EtOH extract of the leaves of Aster koraiensis by repeated chromatography. Moreover, three sesquiterpenoids (2, 4, and 5) and two caffeoylquinic acids (8 and 9) having previously known chemical structures were isolated during the isolation procedure. The four new compounds (1, 3, 6, and 7) were elucidated by spectroscopic data (1D- and 2D-NMR, MS, and ECD) interpretation and hydrolysis. Moreover, the absolute configurations of 2, 4, and 5 were determined for the first time in this study. The compounds isolated were tested for their viability on nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production on LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Among them, only 7 presented weak inhibitory effects on both NO and PGE2 production.

scholarly journals Plasma-Induced Oxidation Products of (–)-Epigallocatechin Gallate with Digestive Enzymes Inhibitory Effects

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (19) ◽  
pp. 5799
Author(s):  
Gyeong Han Jeong ◽  
Tae Hoon Kim
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Dbd Plasma ◽  
Plasma Irradiation ◽  
Chemical Structures

(−)-Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the chief dietary constituent in green tea (Camellia sinensis), is relatively unstable under oxidative conditions. This study evaluated the use of non-thermal dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma to improve the anti-digestive enzyme capacities of EGCG oxidation products. Pure EGCG was dissolved in an aqueous solution and irradiated with DBD plasma for 20, 40, and 60 min. The reactant, irradiated for 60 min, exhibited improved inhibitory properties against α-glucosidase and α-amylase compared with the parent EGCG. The chemical structures of these oxidation products 1–3 from the EGCG, irradiated with the plasma for 60 min, were characterized using spectroscopic methods. Among the oxidation products, EGCG quinone dimer A (1) showed the most potent inhibitory effects toward α-glucosidase and α-amylase with IC50 values of 15.9 ± 0.3 and 18.7 ± 0.3 μM, respectively. These values were significantly higher than that of the positive control, acarbose. Compound 1, which was the most active, was the most abundant in the plasma-irradiated reactant for 60 min according to quantitative high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. These results suggest that the increased biological capacity of EGCG can be attributed to the structural changes to EGCG in H2O, induced by cold plasma irradiation.

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