scholarly journals Aronia melanocarpa Extract Fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum EJ2014 Modulates Immune Response in Mice

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1276
Author(s):  
Md. Sekendar Ali ◽  
Eon-Bee Lee ◽  
Seung-Jin Lee ◽  
Sam-Pin Lee ◽  
Naila Boby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Neutrophil Migration ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Gaba Production ◽  
Aronia Melanocarpa

The present study aimed to assess the immunomodulatory effects of fermented Aronia melanocarpa extract (FAME) on RAW 264.7 cells and BALB/c mice. Aronia melanocarpa fruit was fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum EJ2014 by adding yeast extract and monosodium glutamate for 9 days at 30 °C to produce γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). After fermentation, significant GABA production was noted, along with minerals, polyphenols, and flavonoids (p < 0.05). The polyphenol content was confirmed by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) analysis. RAW 264.7 cells were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 μg/mL) in the presence or absence of FAME, and proinflammatory cytokine contents were measured by qPCR. In the in vivo experiment, female BALB/c mice were administered 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg of FAME for 21 days. FAME treatment increased neutrophil migration and phagocytosis (p < 0.05). It also increased splenocyte proliferation, CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell expression, and lymphocyte proliferation. Furthermore, it increased IFN-γ, IL-2, and IL-4 cytokine levels in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). However, it decreased TNF-α and IL-6 levels (p < 0.05). These results indicate that FAME fortified with GABA including bioactive compounds exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting proinflammatory cytokines in RAW 264.7 cells and modulates immune response in mice. Thus, FAME could be a potential therapeutic agent for inflammatory disorders.

scholarly journals Phaseolin Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation in RAW 264.7 Cells and Zebrafish

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 420
Author(s):  
Su-Jung Hwang ◽  
Ye-Seul Song ◽  
Hyo-Jong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Network Pharmacology ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Bioactive Constituents

Kushen (Radix Sophorae flavescentis) is used to treat ulcerative colitis, tumors, and pruritus. Recently, phaseolin, formononetin, matrine, luteolin, and quercetin, through a network pharmacology approach, were tentatively identified as five bioactive constituents responsible for the anti-inflammatory effects of S. flavescentis. However, the role of phaseolin (one of the primary components of S. flavescentis) in the direct regulation of inflammation and inflammatory processes is not well known. In this study, the beneficial role of phaseolin against inflammation was explored in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation models of RAW 264.7 macrophages and zebrafish larvae. Phaseolin inhibited LPS-mediated production of nitric oxide (NO) and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), without affecting cell viability. In addition, phaseolin suppressed pro-inflammatory mediators such as cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, phaseolin reduced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity as well as macrophage adhesion in vitro and the recruitment of leukocytes in vivo by downregulating Ninjurin 1 (Ninj1), an adhesion molecule. Finally, phaseolin inhibited the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). In view of the above, our results suggest that phaseolin could be a potential therapeutic candidate for the management of inflammation.

Lactic and hydrochloric acids induce different patterns of inflammatory response in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells

2004 ◽  
Vol 286 (4) ◽  
pp. R686-R692 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Kellum ◽  
Mingchen Song ◽  
Jinyou Li
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Metabolic Acidosis ◽  
Dna Binding ◽  
Lactic Acidosis ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Complete Medium ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
No Release

Metabolic acidosis frequently complicates sepsis and septic shock and may be deleterious to cellular function. Different types of metabolic acidosis (e.g., hyperchloremic and lactic acidosis) have been associated with different effects on the immune response, but direct comparative studies are lacking. Murine macrophage-like RAW 264.7 cells were cultured in complete medium with lactic acid or HCl to adjust the pH between 6.5 and 7.4 and then stimulated with LPS ( Escherichia coli 0111:B4; 10 ng/ml). Nitric oxide (NO), IL-6, and IL-10 levels were measured in the supernatants. RNA was extracted from the cell pellets, and RT-PCR was performed to amplify corresponding mediators. Gel shift assay was also performed to assess NF-κB DNA binding. Increasing concentrations of acid caused increasing acidification of the media. Trypan blue exclusion and lactate dehydrogenase release demonstrated that acidification did not reduce cell viability. HCl significantly increased LPS-induced NO release and NF-κB DNA binding at pH 7.0 but not at pH 6.5. IL-6 and IL-10 expression (RNA and protein) were reduced with HCl-induced acidification, but IL-10 was reduced much more than IL-6 at low pH. By contrast, lactic acid significantly decreased LPS-induced NO, IL-6, and IL-10 expression in a dose-dependent manner. Lactic acid also inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB DNA binding. Two common forms of metabolic acidosis (hyperchloremic and lactic acidosis) are associated with dramatically different patterns of immune response in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. HCl is essentially proinflammatory as assessed by NO release, IL-6-to-IL-10 ratios, and NF-κB DNA binding. By contrast, lactic acidosis is anti-inflammatory.

Methyl Gallate Inhibits the Production of Interleukin-6 and Nitric Oxide via Down-Regulation of Extracellular-Signal Regulated Protein Kinase in RAW 264.7 Cells

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (05) ◽  
pp. 973-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee-Sung Chae ◽  
Ok-Hwa Kang ◽  
Jang-Gi Choi ◽  
You-Chang Oh ◽  
Young-Seob Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Methyl Gallate ◽  
Extracellular Signal ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Analgesic Activities ◽  
Oxide Synthase

To determine the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of methyl gallate (MG) isolated from Galla Rhois, MG was studied in vivo for its analgesic activities using the writhing response in mice. Anti-inflammatory activity of MG was evaluated for NO and IL-6 production in RAW 264.7 cells. MG inhibited LPS-induced NO and IL-6 production. Consistent with these observations, the protein and mRNA expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were inhibited by MG. Moreover, MG suppressed the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, the results of this study indicate that MG has anti-inflammatory effects.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Comparison of Melatonin and Its Bromobenzoylamide Derivatives in Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-Induced RAW 264.7 Cells and Croton Oil-Induced Mice Ear Edema

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 4285
Author(s):  
Pimpichaya Sangchart ◽  
Panyada Panyatip ◽  
Teerasak Damrongrungruang ◽  
Aroonsri Priprem ◽  
Pramote Mahakunakorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Raw 264.7 Macrophages ◽  
Ear Edema ◽  
Croton Oil ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The pineal gland is a neuroendocrine organ that plays an important role in anti-inflammation through the hormone melatonin. The anti-inflammatory effects of melatonin and its derivatives have been reported in both in vitro and in vivo models. Our previous study reported the potent antioxidant and neuroprotective activities of bromobenzoylamide substituted melatonin. In silico analysis successfully predicted that melatonin bromobenzoylamid derivatives were protected from metabolism by CYP2A1, which is a key enzyme of the melatonin metabolism process. Therefore, the anti-inflammatory activities of melatonin and its bromobenzoylamide derivatives BBM and EBM were investigated in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages and croton oil-induced ear edema in mice. The experiments showed that BBM and EBM significantly reduced production of the inflammatory mediators interleukin-6 (IL-6), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and nitric oxide (NO) in a dose-dependent manner, but only slightly affected TNF-α in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. This suggests that modifying melatonin at either the N1-position or the N-acetyl side chain affected production of NO, PGE2 and IL-6 in in vitro model. In the croton oil-induced mouse ear edema model, BBM, significantly decreased ear edema thickness at 2–4 h. It leads to conclude that bromobenzoylamide derivatives of melatonin may be one of the potential candidates for a new type of anti-inflammatory agent.

scholarly journals In vitro and In vivo Anti-inflammatory Activities of Mesua ferrea Linn

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Chaithanya K ◽  
Gopalakrishnan V K ◽  
ZenebeHagos . ◽  
Nagaraju B ◽  
Kamalakararao K ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Objective: Mesuaferrea L is a medicinal plant belongs to the family Clusiace, it is extensively used in folk medicine for treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases.The present study was aimed to evaluate in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of M. ferrea L. Methods: The in vitro anti-inflammatory activities such as nitric oxide, PGE2, pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) were studied in RAW 264.7 cells and in vivo studies were carried out on carrageenan -induced inflammation in Wistar rats. The sequentially extracted M. ferreaL bark extracts (MFBHE, MFBEE, and MFBME) exhibited inhibitory effects on pro-inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, tumour necrosis factorαandinterleukin-1βproduction in concentration dependent manner in LPS induced RAW 264.7 cells andCarrageenan induced paw oedema in Wistar rats. Conclusion: The result of the present study indicated that M. ferrea L ethyl acetate bark extract exhibited significant in vitroand in vivoanti-inflammatory activity.

scholarly journals Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge Inhibits RANKL-Induced Osteoclast Differentiation in RAW 264.7 Cells and Prevents Bone Loss in an Ovariectomized Rat Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Minsun Kim ◽  
MinBeom Kim ◽  
Jae-Hyun Kim ◽  
SooYeon Hong ◽  
Dong Hee Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Osteoclast Differentiation ◽  
Ovariectomized Rat ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Crataegus Pinnatifida

Osteoporosis is characterized by a decrease in bone microarchitecture with an increased risk of fracture. Long-term use of primary treatments, such as bisphosphonates and selective estrogen receptor modulators, results in various side effects. Therefore, it is necessary to develop alternative therapeutics derived from natural products. Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge (CPB) is a dried fruit used to treat diet-induced indigestion, loss of appetite, and diarrhea. However, research into the effects of CPB on osteoclast differentiation and osteoporosis is still limited. In vitro experiments were conducted to examine the effects of CPB on RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation in RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, we investigated the effects of CPB on bone loss in the femoral head in an ovariectomized rat model using microcomputed tomography. In vitro, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining results showed the number of TRAP-positive cells, and TRAP activity significantly decreased following CPB treatment. CPB also significantly decreased pit formation. Furthermore, CPB inhibited osteoclast differentiation by suppressing NFATc1, and c-Fos expression. Moreover, CPB treatment inhibited osteoclast-related genes, such as Nfatc1, Ca2, Acp5, mmp9, CtsK, Oscar, and Atp6v0d2. In vivo, bone mineral density and structure model index were improved by administration of CPB. In conclusion, CPB prevented osteoclast differentiation in vitro and prevented bone loss in vivo. Therefore, CPB could be a potential alternative medicine for bone diseases, such as osteoporosis.

Induction of apoptosis by particulate matter: role of TNF-α and MAPK

1998 ◽  
Vol 275 (5) ◽  
pp. L942-L949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beek Yoke Chin ◽  
Mary E. Choi ◽  
Marie D. Burdick ◽  
Robert M. Strieter ◽  
Terence H. Risby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Mapk Pathway ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Mapk Kinase ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

Particulate matter (PM) is a major by-product from the combustion of fossil fuels. The biological target of inhaled PM is the pulmonary epithelium and resident macrophages. In this study, we demonstrate that cultured macrophages (RAW 264.7 cells) exposed continously to a well-defined model of PM [benzo[ a]pyrene adsorbed on carbon black (CB+BaP)] exhibit a time-dependent expression and release of the cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). CB+BaP also evoked programmed cell death or apoptosis in cultured macrophages as assessed by genomic DNA-laddering assays. The CB+BaP-induced apoptosis was inhibited when macrophages were treated with CB+BaP in the presence of a neutralizing antibody to TNF-α, suggesting that TNF-α plays an important role in mediating CB+BaP-induced apoptosis in macrophages. Interestingly, neither untreated carbon black nor benzo[ a]pyrene alone induced apoptosis or caused the release of TNF-α in RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, we observed that TNF-α activates mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity, the extracellular signal-regulated kinases p42/p44, in a time-dependent manner. RAW 264.7 cells treated with PD-098059, a selective inhibitor of MAPK kinase activity, did not exhibit CB+BaP-induced apoptosis and TNF-α secretion. Furthermore, cells treated with the MAPK kinase inhibitor did not undergo TNF-α-induced apoptosis. Taken together, our data suggest that TNF-α mediates PM-induced apoptosis and that the MAPK pathway may play an important role in regulating this pathway.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Formononetin 7-O-phosphate, a Novel Biorenovation Product, on LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophage Cells

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (21) ◽  
pp. 3910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min-Seon Kim ◽  
Jin-Soo Park ◽  
You Chul Chung ◽  
Sungchan Jang ◽  
Chang-Gu Hyun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Properties ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
No Production ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Macrophage Cells ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Reduced Toxicity

Biorenovation is a microbial enzyme-catalyzed structural modification of organic compounds with the potential benefits of reduced toxicity and improved biological properties relative to their precursor compounds. In this study, we synthesized a novel compound verified as formononetin 7-O-phosphate (FMP) from formononetin (FM) using microbial biotransformation. We further compared the anti-inflammatory properties of FMP to FM in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. We observed that cell viabilities and inhibitory effects on LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) production were greater in FMP-treated RAW 264.7 cells than in their FM-treated counterparts. In addition, FMP treatment suppressed the production of proinflammatory cytokines such as prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in a dose-dependent manner and concomitantly decreased the mRNA expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). We also found that FMP exerted its anti-inflammatory effects through the downregulation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways. In conclusion, we generated a novel anti-inflammatory compound using biorenovation and demonstrated its efficacy in cell-based in vitro assays.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document