scholarly journals Enzyme-Treated Zizania latifolia Extract Protects against Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury by Regulating the NRF2 Pathway

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 960
Author(s):  
Bo Yoon Chang ◽  
Hyung Joong Kim ◽  
Tae Young Kim ◽  
Sung Yeon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Control Group

Binge drinking patterns easily produce a state of oxidative stress that disturbs liver function. Eventually, this leads to alcoholic liver disease. A safe and effective therapy for alcoholic liver disease remains elusive. Enzyme-treated Z. latifolia extract (ETZL) was studied as a potential agent for treating alcohol-induced liver disease. In addition, its underlying mechanisms were elucidated. In the binge model, ETZL was pretreated with alcohol (5 g/kg) three times at 12-h intervals. Our results showed that ETZL pretreatment decreased the serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP, and TG. ETZL treatment appeared to prevent an increase in hepatic TG and MDA levels, and there was a decrease in total GSH following alcohol treatment. Histopathological examination showed that lipid droplets were significantly reduced in the ETZL group compared to the control group. ETZL also exhibited radical scavenging activity. It significantly reduced t-BHP-induced cytotoxicity and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HepG2 cells. ETZL also enhanced NRF2 nuclear translocation and increased expression of the downstream target genes HO-1, NQO1, and GCLC as an antioxidant defense. Finally, ETZL treatment significantly reduced cell death. Our study suggests that ETZL ameliorates binge ethanol-induced liver injury by upregulating the antioxidant defense mechanism.

scholarly journals Baicalin Ameliorates Liver Injury Induced by Chronic plus Binge Ethanol Feeding by Modulating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation via CYP2E1 and NRF2 in Mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping He ◽  
Yafeng Wu ◽  
Jianchao Shun ◽  
Yaodong Liang ◽  
Mingliang Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Binge Ethanol

Alcoholic liver injury leads to serious complication including death. The potential role of baicalin at the transcription level in mice model of alcohol injury is not known yet. In this study, we examined the effect of baicalin against chronic plus binge ethanol model in mice and understanding the mechanism of protection. Liver function, histology, steatosis, inflammation, NF-κB activity, oxidative stress sources, nuclear translocation of NRF2 transcription factor, and cell death were assessed. Treatment with baicalin ameliorated ethanol-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death. Baicalin attenuated ethanol-induced proinflammatory molecules such as TNF-α, IL-1β, MIP-2, and MCP-1 and reversed redox-sensitive transcription factor NF-κB activation. Baicalin also modulated Kupffer cell activation in vitro. Baicalin inhibited ethanol-induced expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generating enzymes NOX2, p67phox, xanthine oxidase, and iNOS in addition to CYP2E1 activities. Baicalin also enhanced ethanol-induced NRF2 nuclear translocation and increased downstream target gene HO-1 as antioxidant defense. Finally, baicalin reduced significant apoptotic and necrotic cell death. Our study suggests that baicalin ameliorates chronic plus binge ethanol-induced liver injury involving molecular crosstalk of multiple pathways at the transcriptional level and through upregulation of antioxidant defense mechanism.

Protective effects of fucoidan against ethanol-induced liver injury through maintaining mitochondria function and mitophagy balance in rats.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huichao Zhao ◽  
Shuang Liu ◽  
Hui Zhao ◽  
Meilan Xue ◽  
Huaqi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Hepatic Lesion ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Regulatory Effects

For alcoholic liver disease (ALD), mitophagy was reported as a promising therapeutic strategy to alleviate the hepatic lesion elicited by ethanol. This study was to investigate the regulatory effects of...

A polysaccharide of PFP-1 from Pleurotus geesteranus attenuates alcoholic liver diseases via Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling pathways

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinling Song ◽  
Wenxue Sun ◽  
Wenxin Cai ◽  
Le Jia ◽  
Jianjun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Fruiting Body ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Diseases

A polysaccharide named as PFP-1 was isolated from Pleurotus geesteranus fruiting body, and the potential investigations on ameliorating oxidative stress and liver injury against alcoholic liver disease (ALD) were processed...

scholarly journals Optimization of Lutein Recovery from Tetraselmis suecica by Response Surface Methodology

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Kang Hyun Lee ◽  
Ye Won Jang ◽  
Hansol Kim ◽  
Jang-Seu Ki ◽  
Hah Young Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Solid Loading ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Tetraselmis Suecica ◽  
Antioxidant Power

Microalgae have been attracting attention as feedstock for biorefinery because they have various advantages, such as carbon fixation, high growth rate and high energy yield. The bioactive compounds and lutein contained in microalgae are known to be beneficial for human health, especially eye and brain health. In this study, in order to improve the recovery of bioactive extracts including lutein from Tetraselmis suecica with higher efficiency, an effective solvent was selected, and the extraction parameters such as temperature, time and solid loading were optimized by response surface methodology. The most effective solvent for lutein recovery was identified as 100% methanol, and the optimum condition was determined (42.4 °C, 4.0 h and 125 g/L biomass loading) by calculation of the multiple regression model. The maximum content of recovered lutein was found to be 2.79 mg/mL, and the ABTS radical scavenging activity (IC50) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) value were about 3.36 mg/mL and 561.9 μmol/L, respectively. Finally, the maximum lutein recovery from T. suecica through statistical optimization was estimated to be 22.3 mg/g biomass, which was 3.1-fold improved compared to the control group.

Metabolism of vitamin D in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and alcoholic liver disease

1985 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 561-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Barbara Mawer ◽  
H. J. Klass ◽  
T. W. Warnes ◽  
Jacqueline L. Berry
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Biliary Cirrhosis ◽  
Vitamin D2 ◽  
Dihydroxyvitamin D3 ◽  
Poor Renal Function

1. The metabolism of isotopically labelled vitamin D2 and D3 has been investigated in eight patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and in five controls. The concentration of labelled vitamin D2 was lower than that of vitamin D3 in serum of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis on days 1 and 2 after intravenous injection (P < 0.005 and P < 0.05, respectively) but no difference was seen in controls. 2. Similar amounts of labelled 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 and D3 were seen in serum of the control group; the same pattern was observed in the primary biliary cirrhosis group, and no significant differences were observed between the two groups. 3. In both control and primary biliary cirrhosis groups, the serum concentration of labelled 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2 exceeded that of 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (significant for controls on day 2, P < 0.02) but concentrations in the two groups were not different. 4. Concentrations of labelled 25,26-dihydroxyvitamin D3 were significantly higher than those of 25,26-dihydroxyvitamin D2 in the primary biliary cirrhosis group at all times and in the control group on days 2 and 3. Both 25,26-dihydroxyvitamin D2 and D3 were higher in the serum of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis than in controls (significant on day 1, P < 0.05). 5. Urinary excretion over days 0–3 of radioactivity from both vitamins D2 and D3 was significantly higher in the primary biliary cirrhosis group than in controls: 12.03 vs 1.80% for vitamin D2 and 8.98 vs 1.76% for vitamin D3(P < 0.005). Vitamin D2-derived urinary radioactivity in primary biliary cirrhosis correlated strongly with serum bilirubin (P = 0.005). 6. The metabolism of labelled vitamin D3 was studied in seven patients with alcoholic liver disease, three of whom showed low serum concentrations of labelled 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 suggesting impaired hepatic synthesis. The 25-hydroxylation response was quantified as the relative index of 25-hydroxylation and was significantly related to two other indices of liver function. It is concluded that impaired 25-hydroxylation of vitamin D may occur in alcoholic liver disease and results from hepatocellular dysfunction. 7. Less than the predicted amounts of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 were produced in four of the seven patients with alcoholic liver disease; this defect may be attributable in part to decreased precursor 25-hydroxyvitamin D and to poor renal function.

scholarly journals Some Special Properties of Fermented Products with Cabbage Origin: Pickled Cabbage, Sauerkraut and Kimchi

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 490
Author(s):  
Ceren Özer ◽  
Hatice Kalkan Yıldırım
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Acid Fermentation ◽  
Scavenging Effect ◽  
Fermented Products

Consumption of fermented products rich in antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetes, anti-obesity and anti-carcinogenic compounds is growing into a key strategy to fortify antioxidant defense system. Cabbage products produced by lactic-acid fermentation are chosen via their special microbiota. Considering these special medical properties of fermented-cabbage products as pickled cabbage, sauerkraut and kimchi were produced and evaluated. The data demonstrated that pickled cabbage (109.89±4.74 mg ascorbic acid/100 g d.w.) and its brine (208.14±17.29 mg ascorbic acid/100 g d.w.) exhibited the highest vitamin C content, followed by kimchi (77.42±2.87 mg ascorbic acid/100 g d.w.). The highest total phenolic content was detected in kimchi and sauerkraut with 869.64±70.16 and 438.257±25.05 mg gallic acid equivalents/100 g fresh weight (f.w.), respectively. 50% of the scavenging effect (EC50) values of free radical scavenging activity (DPPH) in kimchi 14.6 mg/ml, followed by sauerkraut (15.52 mg/ml) and pickled cabbage (18.88 mg/ml). Results demonstrated that fermented cabbage products have a great potential with content of bioactive compounds, high antioxidant features promising high beneficial impacts.

scholarly journals The role of brief intervention in achieving and maintaining abstinence in patients with alcoholic liver disease

2020 ◽  
pp. 182-188
Author(s):  
V. D. Lunkov ◽  
M. V. Maevskaya ◽  
V. T. Ivashkin
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Decompensated Cirrhosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Entire Observation Period ◽  
Group A ◽  
Observation Period

Objective of the study. prove the effectiveness of brief psychological intervention (BPI) conducted by an internist in achieving and maintaining abstinence in patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD).Materials and methods. A total of 65 patients were included in the study: 29 patients in the BPI group and 36 in the historical control group. A comparative analysis of the frequency of achievement and maintenance of abstinence and analysis of factors associated with these parameters were conducted.Results of the study. The frequency of achieving abstinence was significantly higher in the BPI group compared with the control group after 6, 9, 12 and 24 months from the date of inclusion in the study (p <0.001, p = 0.002, p = 0.001, p = 0.017, respectively; criterion χ2). The frequency of failures to achieve abstinence in the CPC group was significantly lower than in the control group after 6 months and in general for the entire observation period (p = 0.004, p = 0.005, respectively; criterion χ2). Provision of BPIs for 12 months after alcohol-induced decompensation serves as a factor that is reliably associated with achieving total abstinence within 24 months (p = 0.001, criterion χ2). Decompensated cirrhosis of the liver serves as factors independently associated with failures to achieve abstinence within 24 months after alcohol-induced illness (OS: 10.72 [95% CI 2.17–52.81]; p = 0.004) and the absence of BPI after discharge from the hospital (OSH BPI: 0.80 [95% CI 0.14–0.479]; p = 0.006)Conclusion. BPIs provided by an internist to the patients with ABD for 12 months after alcohol-induced decompensation leads to a higher rate of achieving total abstinence and decrease in the frequency of failures to achieve abstinence within 24 months after discharge from the hospital.

Green tea leaves extract with low concentration of EGCG can provide health benefits without causing renal damage

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-382
Author(s):  
D. Das ◽  
S. Tamuly ◽  
M. Das Purkayastha ◽  
B. Dutta ◽  
C. Barman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Oral Delivery ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Tea Leaves ◽  
Green Tea Leaves

AbstractGreen tea or its concentrated extract is coveted for its health promoting catechin-like polyphenols, especially epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). However, its amicable efficacy is now being doubted considering the recent occurrence of several cases of hepato- and nephrotoxicity, after the ingestion of EGCG-fortified (≥85–90%) nutritional supplements. Therefore, the current study was carried out to ascertain the effect of green tea leaves extract (GTE), having low EGCG content (73.8%), on liver and kidney functions of male Wistar rats using various in vivo experiments and in vitro radical scavenging activity. In terms of acute toxicity, GTE was observed to be safe when delivered at a dosage of 2000 mg kg−1 body weight (BW). Oral delivery of GTE for 28 days at a concentration of 200 mg kg−1 BW/day did not trigger sub-acute toxicity to the liver and kidneys, as per serum biochemical analyses and histopathological examination. In contrast, GTE counteracted the effects of carbon tetrachloride (a potent hepato-degenerative compound) on the liver. Furthermore, increase in high-density lipoprotein―cholesterol with concomitant lowering of serum triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein―cholesterol were noticed in GTE-treated rats. These findings suggest that low EGCG containing GTE, with appreciable antioxidant activity (IC50 = 53.18–71.28 μg mL−1), can serve as a hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic, and hypocholesterolemic ingredient.

Investigation of the Anti-cataract and Antioxidant Activities of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius Leaves Extract In vitro

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-38
Author(s):  
Henry Bulama ◽  
Daniel Dahiru ◽  
Joshua Madu
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Cnidoscolus Aconitifolius

Background: Cataract is a major cause of visual impairment and blindness around the world. This study evaluated the in vitro antioxidant and anti-cataract activities of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius leaves extract and fractions. Antioxidant activities were evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiozoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), total reducing power, and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays. Anti-cataract potential was evaluated in vitro using goat lenses divided into eight groups of different treatments and incubated in artificial aqueous humor at 37 °C for 72 hours. Glucose-induced opacity in the lenses was observed and biochemical indices quantified (catalase, Malondialdehyde (MDA) and total protein in the lens homogenate). Results: The crude extract and its fractions possess substantial antioxidant activities. The aqueous fraction exhibited the best DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50 value 78.599 µg/ml); while the dichloromethane fraction exhibited the highest ABTS radical scavenging activity with IC50 66.68 µg/ml. The anti-cataract evaluation of crude and fractions at 250 μg/ml showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in the total protein and catalase activity compared to the cataract control group. The malonaldehyde level decreased significantly (p<0.05) in all the treated groups.

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