scholarly journals Dysmetabolisms Can Affect Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) of Human Plasma: Determination of Reference Intervals of TAC by Way of CUPRAC-BCS Method

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Enrico Prenesti ◽  
Silvia Berto ◽  
Fabio Gosmaro ◽  
Marco Bagnati ◽  
Giorgio Bellomo
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Biological Fluid ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Total Antioxidant

The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of human plasma is an index of the redox buffer capacity of this biological fluid and could be a biomarker for those disorders affecting redox status. Distinguishing physiological from pathological conditions needs a reference. Therefore, this work aims to define the reference intervals for TAC of human plasma of apparently healthy adult individuals. TAC was measured using the CUPRAC-BCS (CUPric reducing antioxidant capacity-bathocuproinedisulfonic acid) method previously optimized and tested in a clinical laboratory. A population of 500 blood donors was selected, plus an additional 222 pathological patients carrying specific defective metabolisms, namely, hyperuricemia, hyperbilirubinemia, and type 2 diabetic mellitus. The reference intervals of TAC were calculated according to international guidelines. Due to the response of a partitioning test, the reference intervals for healthy population were separately defined for male (258) and female (151) groups. The reference intervals (µmol L−1) resulted: 727–1248 for the male subgroup and 637–1048 for the female subgroup. The absence of an age effect on TAC values was verified. The reference intervals evaluated allow a discussion on some pathological conditions overloading the plasma with redox-active waste substances.

scholarly journals A new automated method for the determination of the Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) of human plasma, based on the crocin bleaching assay

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilena Kampa ◽  
Anastasia Nistikaki ◽  
Vassilios Tsaousis ◽  
Niki Maliaraki ◽  
George Notas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Total Antioxidant

scholarly journals Redox Status, Dose and Antioxidant Intake in Healthcare Workers Occupationally Exposed to Ionizing Radiation

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 778
Author(s):  
Natividad Sebastià ◽  
Lorena Olivares-González ◽  
Alegría Montoro ◽  
Joan-Francesc Barquinero ◽  
Antonio José Canyada-Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Dose Equivalent ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Plasma Antioxidant

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between blood redox status, dose and antioxidant dietary intake of different hospital staff groups exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation (LDIR) (Interventional Radiology and Cardiology, Radiation Oncology, and Nuclear Medicine) and non-exposed. Personal dose equivalent (from last year and cumulative), plasma antioxidant markers (total antioxidant capacity, extracellular superoxide dismutase activity, and glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio), oxidative stress markers (nitrites and nitrates, and lipid peroxidation) and dietary intake (antioxidant capacity using ORAC values) were collected and analyzed from 28 non-exposed healthcare workers and 42 healthcare workers exposed to LDIR. Hospital staff exposed to LDIR presented a redox imbalance in blood that seems to correlate with dose. Workers from the Nuclear Medicine Unit were the most affected group with the lowest value of plasma antioxidant response and the highest value of plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, TBARS (indicator of lipid peroxidation) of all four groups. Cumulative personal dose equivalent positively correlated with nitrites and negatively correlated with total antioxidant capacity in blood. The diet of healthcare workers from Nuclear Medicine Unit had higher ORAC values than the diet of non-exposed. Therefore, occupational exposure to LDIR, especially for the Nuclear Medicine Unit, seems to produce an imbalanced redox status in blood that would correlate with cumulative personal dose equivalent.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress and total antioxidant capacity in human plasma

Redox Report ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Buico ◽  
Claudio Cassino ◽  
Mauro Ravera ◽  
Pier-Giacomo Betta ◽  
Domenico Osella
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Effect of dioxin exposure on several indices of blood redox status in lactating buffalo cows

2011 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Stefania Spagnuolo ◽  
Fiorella Sarubbi ◽  
Cristina Rossetti ◽  
Giuseppe Grazioli ◽  
Giulia Pia Di Meo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Group A ◽  
Dioxin Exposure ◽  
Group B ◽  
Gpx Activity

Dioxins are lipophilic compounds with a small molecular weight and are highly persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic. Dioxin detoxification is associated with an increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In physiological conditions the body is protected against ROS and their toxic products by a wide range of antioxidant systems. We hypothesize that the imbalance between ROS production, associated with dioxin exposure, and the antioxidant defence capacity, may lead to oxidative stress, with consequent increased consumption of antioxidants and accumulation of toxic compounds in blood and tissues. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of exposure to dioxins on the plasma redox status of lactating buffalo cows. To this aim, the major liposoluble (retinol and α-tocopherol) and water-soluble (ascorbate) antioxidants, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), as well as specific protein oxidation markers (protein bound carbonyls and nitro-tyrosine) and lipid oxidation markers (hydroperoxides), were chosen as indices of blood redox status. The concentration of antioxidants, protein-bound carbonyls (PC), nitro-tyrosine (N-Tyr), and hydroperoxides (LPO), the SOD and GPx activity, and the TAC were measured in plasma samples obtained from buffalo cows exposed to environmental levels of dioxins higher (n=21, group A) or lower (n=29; group B) than those permitted. Plasma titres of antioxidants, as measured by HPLC, and the total antioxidant capacity, as measured by trolox equivalents capacity, were higher in group B than in A. Similarly, SOD and GPx activities were higher in group B than in A. Conversely, plasma levels of PC, N-Tyr and LPO, as measured by ELISA, were higher in group A than in B. Our results suggest that exposure to dioxins impairs the plasma antioxidant defence system of lactating buffalo cows, and that metabolic processes associated with dioxin detoxification might induce or enhance oxidation of protein and lipids. This adverse effect on blood redox status might have negative implications for animal health and reproduction, and might compromise animal welfare.

scholarly journals Perinatal variation and covariation of oxidative status and telomere length in yellow-legged gull chicks

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 509-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Parolini ◽  
Cristina Daniela Possenti ◽  
Andrea Romano ◽  
Manuela Caprioli ◽  
Diego Rubolini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Abstract The perinatal period is critical to survival and performance of many organisms. In birds, rapid postnatal growth and sudden exposure to aerial oxygen around hatching markedly affect the chick redox status, with potentially negative consequences on physiology mediated by oxidative stress. In addition, telomere length (TL) undergoes reduction during birds’ early life, partly depending on oxidative status. However, relatively few studies have focused specifically on the changes in oxidative status and TL that occur immediately after hatching. In this study of the yellow-legged gull Larus michahellis, we found that chicks undergo a marked increase in plasma total antioxidant capacity and a marked decrease in the concentration of pro-oxidant molecules during the first days after hatching. In addition, TL in erythrocytes decreased by 1 standard deviation over the 4 days post-hatching. Body mass and tarsus length covaried with total antioxidant capacity and concentration of pro-oxidants in a complex way, that partly depended on sex and laying order, suggesting that oxidative status can affect growth. Moreover, TL positively covaried with the concentration of pro-oxidant molecules, possibly because retention of high concentrations of pro-oxidant molecules results from mechanisms of prevention of their negative effects, including reduction in TL. Thus, this study shows that chicks undergo marked variation in oxidative status, which predicts growth and subsequent TL, prompting for more studies of the perinatal changes in the critical post-hatching stages.

scholarly journals Biomolecules Responsible for the Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) of Human Plasma in Healthy and Cardiopathic Individuals: A Chemical Speciation Model

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 656
Author(s):  
Enrico Prenesti ◽  
Silvia Berto ◽  
Fabio Gosmaro ◽  
Marco Bagnati ◽  
Giorgio Bellomo
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Chemical Speciation ◽  
Chemical Models ◽  
Speciation Model ◽  
Redox Active ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Exogenous Compounds ◽  
The Relationship

(1) Background: Much effort has been expended to investigate the antioxidant capacity of human plasma, attempting to clarify the roles of both metabolic and food substances in determining defenses against oxidative stress. The relationship between the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and the concentrations of redox-active biomolecules in the human plasma of healthy and cardiopathic individuals was investigated in the present study to develop a chemical speciation model. (2) Methods: Plasma was collected from 85 blood donors and from 25 cardiovascular surgery patients. The TAC was measured using the CUPRAC-BCS (CUPric Reducing Antioxidant Capacity — Bathocuproinedisulfonic acid) method. Biomolecule concentrations were determined via visible spectrophotometry or HPLC/RP techniques. The relationship between the TAC and the concentrations was defined by applying a multiple regression analysis. The significance of the variables was first tested, and chemical models were proposed for the two datasets. The model equation is TAC=∑iβi∙[Ai] , where βi and [Ai] are the electronic exchange and the molar concentrations of the ith antioxidant component, respectively. (3) Results: The major contributions to the TAC, ~80%, come from endogenous compounds in both healthy and cardiopathic individuals, whereas the contributions from exogenous compounds were different between the two datasets. In particular, γ-tocopherol showed a different role in the chemical models developed for the two groups.

scholarly journals Salivary and Urinary Total Antioxidant Capacity as Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Humans

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Peluso ◽  
Anna Raguzzini
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Nutritional Interventions ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Unstimulated Saliva

Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) is a biomarker often used in order to investigate oxidative stress in many pathological conditions. Saliva and urine can be collected noninvasively and represent attractive diagnostic fluids for detecting biomarkers of various pathological conditions. The reviewed case-control and intervention studies that measured salivary or urinary TAC revealed that diseases, antioxidant foods, or supplements and age, gender, and lifestyle factors influenced salivary or urinary TAC. Salivary and urinary TAC were particularly affected by oral or renal status, respectively, as well as by infection; therefore these factors must be taken into account in both case-control and intervention studies. Furthermore, some considerations on sample collection and normalization strategies could be made. In particular, unstimulated saliva could be the better approach to measure salivary TAC, whereas 24 h or spontaneous urine collection should be chosen on the basis of the study outcome and of the creatinine clearance. Finally, the uric acid-independent TAC could be the better approach to evaluate red-ox status of body, in particular after nutritional interventions and in diseases associated with hyperuricaemia.

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