scholarly journals Horse Welfare During Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin (eCG) Production

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Manteca Vilanova ◽  
Nancy De Briyne ◽  
Bonnie Beaver ◽  
Patricia V. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Housing Systems ◽  
Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Serious Injuries

Collection of blood from pregnant mares for extraction of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) is a critical but relatively unknown and poorly regulated practice in the countries in which it occurs. Equine chorionic gonadotropin is a hormone that is widely used to enhance reproductive performance and management of dairy and beef cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs kept under intensive housing systems. eCG is extracted from the blood of brood mares between days 40–120 of gestation. Although alternatives have been sought, there is currently no efficacious replacement, natural or synthetic, for eCG. Recently, several animal welfare organizations have voiced concerns over the condition and treatment of pregnant mares kept for eCG production in some countries. Animal welfare issues may arise if mares are bled too frequently or if too much blood is collected at any time. In addition, these mares tend to be managed extensively on pastures with minimal veterinary oversight and they may be poorly desensitized and habituated to handling and other practices. This can lead to serious injuries and even death when mares are brought in for bleeding. This paper reviews the process of blood collection for eCG extraction and provides recommendations for ensuring mare welfare.

scholarly journals Effects of Separation of Cows and Calves on Reproductive Performance and Animal Welfare in Tropical Beef Cattle

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustín Orihuela ◽  
Carlos S. Galina
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Early Weaning ◽  
Established Method ◽  
Common Procedure ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Welfare Implications ◽  
The Tropics

Nursing a calf suppresses postpartum ovarian activity prolonging the period of anestrus. Diverse methods are used to reduce the effect of suckling; the most popular, restricted suckling, reduces the number of encounters mother-calf. Temporal weaning of the calf for periods of 24 h, 48 h, or even 72 h also suppress the effect of suckling and is commonly applied to cow-calf operations in the tropics. Early weaning of the calf, usually three to five months after birth, is a practice gaining popularity over the traditional system of weaning at seven months. Furthermore, the use of nose-flaps in the calf to avoid suckling is a common procedure in South America. Finally, weaning during the first week after calving is an established method to reduce postpartum anestrus. The objective of the present review is to discuss the effects of these methods on the reproductive performance of beef cattle and their animal welfare implications.

scholarly journals Evaluation of reproductive and animal welfare parameters of swine females of different genetic lines submitted to different reproductive management and housing systems during pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 1675-1682
Author(s):  
D. Bampi ◽  
K.K. Borstnez ◽  
C.P. Dias ◽  
O.A.D. Costa ◽  
F. Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Welfare Indicators ◽  
Housing Systems ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Reproductive Management ◽  
Farrowing Rate

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate swine females of different genetic lines submitted to different reproductive management and housing systems during pregnancy on reproductive performance and animal welfare parameters. After artificial insemination protocol, 524 females were divided into two gestation housing systems: PEN1=animals housed in individual stalls during the breeding and after group-housed; PEN32=animals housed in individual stalls from breeding until 32 days of pregnancy and after group-housed. The number of piglets born, and the pregnancy and farrowing rates were evaluated. Welfare parameters related to the pregnancy phase were used. Females who weaned more piglets in the previous farrowing had a higher number of piglets born at the next farrowing. The pregnancy rate was affected by the number of semen doses. The farrowing rate was not influenced by the evaluated parameters, with average value of 91.36%. There was no effect of the gestation housing system and the genetic lines on pregnancy and farrowing rates, with values above 90.0%. The animal welfare indicators showed more compromised parameters in PEN1 system. PEN1 system did not impair the reproductive performance although it presented more compromised animal welfare parameters.

scholarly journals Animal welfare and reproductive performance in two Piemontese housing systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 499-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Irico ◽  
Laura Tomassone ◽  
Giuseppe Martano ◽  
Flaviana Gottardo ◽  
Martina Tarantola
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Housing Systems

scholarly journals The effects of natural mating and artificial insemination using cryopreserved buck semen on reproductive performance in Alpine goats

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dehouegnon Jerry Agossou ◽  
Nazan Koluman
Keyword(s):  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Breeding Methods ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Natural Mating ◽  
Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin

Abstract. This study compared the effects of natural mating and artificial insemination using frozen buck semen on reproductive performance in Alpine goats. Sixty reproductive Alpine goats were grouped according to natural mating (n=30) and artificial insemination (n=30) breeding methods. Oestrus was synchronised in experimental goats using a vaginal sponge impregnated with 20 mg of progestogen FGA (fluorogestone acetate) for 11 days. At the time of sponge insertion, 150 µg of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) analogue was injected intramuscularly. Forty-eight hours prior to vaginal sponge withdrawal, 500 IU equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) was injected into the animals. At the end of synchronisation protocol, goats were fertilised using frozen semen or mated with a well-performing buck (ratio: 1 male to 5 females). The pregnancy (pregnant/synchronised goats) and mortality rates (P<0.05) were higher (93 % vs. 70 %; 2 % vs. 4 %) in the naturally mated goats than the artificially inseminated group. Kids' live weight at birth was similar (3.83±0.23 and 3.15±0.11 kg) in both groups. The oestrus synchronisation followed by natural mating achieved better reproductive performance than the goats artificially inseminated using frozen semen. However, the artificially inseminated animals displayed an acceptable twinning rate.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF KISPEPTIN-10 AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO ECG IN ESTRUS SYNCHRONIZATION PROTOCOL ON IMPROVING THE REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF KARADI EWES

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-546
Author(s):  
T. A. Abdulkareem ◽  
S. J. Muhammad ◽  
A. N. Yousif
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Estrus Synchronization ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
Live Body Weight ◽  
Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Synchronization Protocol

This study was conducted to examine the effect of Kisspeptin-10 as an alternative to equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) in estrus- synchronization protocol for improving the reproductive performance of Karadi ewes. Forty adult ewes of 3-7 years old and 65–70 kg live body weight were equally divided into four equal groups. Animals were inserted with a progestagen (60 mg MAP)-impregnated sponges for 13 days as estrus synchronization protocol. Following withdrawal of sponges, first group was served as control (C) and intramuscularly injected with normal saline only. The second group was intramuscularly injected with 250 IU of eCG (eCG), while those of third and fourth groups were intravenously injected with 4 and 8 µg /kg body weight of Kisspeptin-10, referred as Kisspeptin1 and Kisspeptin2 groups respectively. Serum progesterone and LH concentrations did not significantly differ among groups before estrus synchronization protocol and eCG or Kisspeptin treatments. The two Kisspeptin-injected groups attained better (P≤0.01) overall mean estrus (100%), fertility (90%), conception (90 and 100%, respectively), lambing (90%), and twinning (10%) rates with lesser barrenness (10%) as compared with the other groups. Moreover, eCG and Kisspeptin groups exhibited greater (P≤ 0.01) percentage of increasing fecundity (233%) and extra lambs born (0.7) than the control group. In conclusion, treatment of Karadi ewes either with Kisspeptin-10 or eCG hormones enhanced the overall reproductive performance, but did not affect serum progesterone and LH concentrations.

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