scholarly journals Milk Production, Milk Quality, and Behaviour of Dairy Cows Grazing on Swards with Low and High Water-Soluble Carbohydrates Content in Autumn: A Pilot Trial

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica M. Merino ◽  
Oscar A. Balocchi ◽  
M. Jordana Rivero
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
High Water ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
High Sugar ◽  
Fertilisation Rate ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrates

Grazing ruminant systems can be sustainably intensified by improving efficiency while reducing their environmental impact. The objective of the present study was to examine the potential of pastures differing in water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) and crude protein (CP) contents to affect milk production and composition as well as the behaviour of cows grazing perennial ryegrass (PRG) swards. By modifying the nitrogen (N) fertilisation rate (83 and 250 kg/ha per year) and the defoliation frequency (two or three leaves per tiller) in combination with cultivar selection (high-sugar vs. standard cultivars), we obtained two swards differing in WSC and CP contents. The two contrasting swards were each grazed by six dairy cows in nine daily strips in autumn. Pasture samples were collected to determine herbage mass and quality. Cow behaviour was recorded by direct observation. Herbage offered and apparently consumed were similar between swards (averaging 37.3 and 18.2 kg/cow, respectively), although the residual was lower in the high-sugar sward (1735 vs. 2143 kg/ha). Cows spent less time grazing in the high-sugar sward (66.9% v. 71.6%), but the rumination times was similar (14.6%). Milk production and composition were similar between groups, suggesting that high-quality pastures would require a greater difference in nutritional composition to affect animal performance.

Milk production and composition of dairy cows grazing two perennial ryegrass cultivars allocated in the morning and afternoon

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 1507 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Chen ◽  
R. H. Bryant ◽  
G. R. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Above Ground Level ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrates

The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of perennial ryegrass cultivar and timing of herbage allocation on herbage nutritive value and milk production of mid-lactation dairy cows. An autumn grazing trial using 48 Friesian × Jersey spring-calving cows was conducted over 10 days. Twelve groups of four cows were allocated to three replicates of four treatments, namely, two perennial ryegrass cultivars (AberMagic or Prospect) offered either after milking in the morning (0830 hours) or afternoon (1630 hours). Cows were offered a daily herbage allowance of 30 kg DM/cow above ground level. There were no significant differences in sward structure and morphological characteristics between cultivars, except for Prospect having a lower average tiller mass (43.1 mg) than AberMagic (48.4 mg). The concentration of water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) and organic matter digestibility in DM (DOMD) was greater in AberMagic (180 g/kg, 74.2%) than in Prospect (153 g/kg, 71.4%). Herbage DM percentage, WSC concentration and DOMD were lower in the morning than in the afternoon (18.8% vs 22.3% DM; 154 vs 179 g/kg WSC; 72.1% vs 73.5% DOMD). Herbage DM intake (12.0 kg/cow.day), milk yield (17.2 kg/cow.day) and milksolids yield (1.60 kg/cow.day) did not differ significantly among treatments. Cultivar choice and timing of allocation influenced herbage WSC concentration and digestibility, but did not alter milksolids production.

Milk production and N partitioning in early lactation dairy cows offered perennial ryegrass containing a high concentration of water soluble carbohydrates

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 ◽  
pp. 6-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Moorby ◽  
L. A. Miller ◽  
R. T. Evans ◽  
N. D. Scollan ◽  
M. K. Theodorou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Protein Production ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
N Partitioning ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrates

The efficiency of utilisation of grass nitrogen for milk protein production tends to be low, because rumen fermentable energy sources limit the amount of diet amino acids that are incorporated into microbial protein. As a consequence, absorption of ammonia from the rumen and excretion of high-N waste products is considerable. Previous studies (Miller et al., 1999) have shown that the efficiency of use of feed N can be increased in late-lactation dairy cows by feeding ryegrass bred to contain a high concentration of water soluble carbohydrates (WSC). The objective of this study was to investigate milk production and N partitioning in early lactation dairy cows using the same high WSC ryegrass variety, AberDove.

scholarly journals Argentine stem weevil damage to high sugar ryegrass infected with AR1 under field conditions

2008 ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.H. Bryant ◽  
A.J. Parsons ◽  
S. Rasmussen ◽  
G.R. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
High Sugar ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Listronotus Bonariensis

Previous laboratory based studies indicate that, compared to standard cultivars, high sugar grasses (HSG) can have lower endophyte and peramine concentrations and suggest that N fertilisation may result in further reductions in endophyte and alkaloid. Keywords: Lolium, Listronotus bonariensis, invertebrates, water soluble carbohydrates, ploidy

scholarly journals Grazing Preference of Dairy Cows and Pasture Productivity for Different Cultivars of Perennial Ryegrass under Contrasting Managements

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 253 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jordana Rivero ◽  
Oscar L. Balocchi ◽  
Fabián L. Neumann ◽  
Juan A. Siebald
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Sugar Concentration ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
High Sugar

The objective of this study was to evaluate the pasture performance of different cultivars of perennial ryegrass, two “high sugar” and two standard cultivars, under two contrasting agronomic managements (aimed at either decreasing or increasing water soluble carbohydrates concentration), and their effects on the grazing preference of dairy cows. Eight treatments arising from the factorial combination of four cultivars and two managements were randomly applied to 31-m2 plots in three blocks. Pasture dry matter production and growth rate were measured for one year. Three grazing assessments were performed to establish the grazing preferences of six dairy cows in spring, summer and autumn. High sugar cultivars produced less dry matter per hectare than the standard cultivars. Cows consumed more grass and harvested a greater proportion of the pasture under the agronomic management aimed at decreasing sugar concentration, i.e., with a greater nitrogen fertilization rate and under a more frequent defoliation regime, which could be explained by the greater crude protein concentration achieved under this management. The results suggest that the genetic selection for greater levels of sugars was at the expense of herbage yield, and that cows preferred to graze herbage with a greater crude protein level instead of a greater sugar concentration.

scholarly journals Milk Production of Dairy Cows Fed Grass-Clover Silage Pulp

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Dannylo Sousa ◽  
Matilda Larsson ◽  
Elisabet Nadeau
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Lactation Performance ◽  
Complete Replacement

Silage pulp (SP) is a byproduct from biorefinary of silage that can be used as forage source for ruminants. However, there is a lack of information regarding the complete replacement of dietary silage for SP on performance of dairy cows. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the complete substitution of dietary grass-clover silage for SP on milk production of dairy cows. Grass-clover mixture was harvested, wilted, and ensiled in bunker silos. The silage was screw pressed in a biorefinery for solid (SP) and liquid (protein-rich juice) separation. Seventy-two lactating cows were used in a completely randomized block design, receiving either the original silage- or SP-based diets. The SP-based diet had lower concentrations of water-soluble carbohydrates and crude protein but greater fibre concentration compared to the silage-based diet. Milk yield and energy corrected milk were generally greater for cows receiving the silage-based diet compared to the SP-based diet. Cows receiving the silage-based diet had a greater yields of milk protein and milk fat, and tended to have a greater yield of milk lactose than cows receiving the SP-based diet. Milk composition, body condition score and body weight were not affected by diets. The complete substitution of silage for SP reduced the lactation performance of dairy cows over time.

Milk production from dairy cows offered perennial ryegrass selected for high water soluble carbohydrate concentrations compared to a control grass

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 208-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Miller ◽  
M. A. Neville ◽  
D. H. Baker ◽  
R. T. Evans ◽  
M. K. Theodorou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Elevated Water ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrate

The efficiency of grass nitrogen utilisation for milk production tends to be low, due partly to the slow rate of release of energy in the rumen which reduces the efficiency of capture of rapidly degradable plant proteins by the rumen microbial population. When additional sugars are infused into the rumen, microbial protein production is increased (Rooke et al., 1987). The objective of this study was to assess milk production using a grass variety that has been bred to express elevated water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) concentrations.Eight multiparous Holstein-Friesian dairy cows in mid lactation (176 days ± s.e. 3.6) were used in a continuous design, zero-grazing experiment. Following covariate measurements taken from all animals on a standard grazing diet, four animals were each offered one of two varieties of perennial ryegrass at ad libitum rate: AberDove, bred to express high WSC concentrations; and AberElan, a commercially available variety, used as a control.

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