scholarly journals Moringa Extract Attenuates Inflammatory Responses and Increases Gene Expression of Casein in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng ◽  
Jeong ◽  
Seo ◽  
Han
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mrna Expression Levels

Bovine mastitis is a common inflammatory disease in the udder of dairy cows that causes economic loss to dairy industries. The development of alternative strategies, especially the utilization of natural products, e.g. Moringa oleifera, has gained a lot of interests. The objective of the current study was to investigate the protective effects of moringa extract (ME) in bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T) in in vitro settings. Radical scavenging capacities and anti-inflammatory properties of ME were examined using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged MAC-T cells. ME showed significant radical scavenging activities. In addition, ME decreased reactive oxygen species produced by LPS in cells. ME also attenuated inflammatory cyclooxygenase-2 expression induced by LPS by down-regulating NF-κB signaling cascade. Moreover, ME ameliorated LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-, interleukin-1, and interleukin-6. Furthermore, ME up-regulated mRNA expression levels of heme oxygenase-1, NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase-1, and thioredoxin reductase 1. Importantly, ME promoted differentiated MAC-T cells by increasing mRNA expression levels of α-casein S1, α-casein S2, and β-casein. In conclusion, ME has beneficial effects in bovine mammary epithelial cells through its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and casein production properties. Our study provides evidence that ME could be a good candidate for a feed supplement to decrease inflammatory responses due to bovine mastitis.

scholarly journals Astragaloside IV Alleviates Ammonia-Induced Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengge Wang ◽  
Yun Zhao ◽  
Shuxiong Chen ◽  
Lu Chen ◽  
Liting Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Astragaloside Iv ◽  
Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells

Ammonia is one of the major toxic components of metabolites in blood and tissues of high-producing dairy cows and could affect the health of bovine mammary glands. Bovine mammary epithelial cells are sensitive to oxidative stress induced by intensive cell metabolism. In our previous study, we found that ammonia could induce oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammatory responses in bovine mammary epithelial cells. In the present study, the cytoprotective effects of astragaloside IV against ammonia in vitro were explored. The results demonstrated that pretreatment of MAC-T cells with astragaloside IV could potently suppress the increase in the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the rate of cell apoptosis, inhibit the ammonia-induced inflammatory responses, and rescue the decrease of cell viability. Astragaloside IV prevented ammonia-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress. Astragaloside IV also significantly suppressed the levels of BAX, caspase 3 and p53 phosphorylation in ammonia-induced MAC-T cells. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2) was essential for cytoprotective effects of astragaloside IV in MAC-T cells, as knockdown of Nrf2 dramatically abolished the prosurvival effects of astragaloside IV on treated cells. Furthermore, the PI3K/AKT and ERK/MAPK pathways were responsible for the induction of Nrf2 by astragaloside IV. In conclusion, astragaloside IV played a beneficial role against ammonia-induced damage of MAC-T cells. This provides a cue for future study to use astragaloside IV as a protective and curative agent against ammonia exposure of mammary glands in dairy cows.

scholarly journals The Regulation of Staphylococcus aureus-Induced Inflammatory Responses in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingcheng Cai ◽  
Wenqiao Fan ◽  
Xiaoying Li ◽  
Hanchang Sun ◽  
Liuliu Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
M1 Polarization

Mastitis, an inflammatory disease, causes severe economic loss in the dairy industry, which is mainly infected by bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), the major pathogenic microorganism, derived from lipoteichoic acid (LTA) has been identified to activate inflammatory responses, but the cellular or intercellular regulatory mechanism is unclear. This study mainly focused on the effects of LTA in bovine mammary epithelial cells (Mac-T) and elaborated the regulation of microRNAs (miRNAs). The results showed that LTA enhanced the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression and production of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-6. Furthermore, LTA could activate Toll-like receptor (TLR)2/MyD88-mediated phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway, and TLR2 plays a pivotal role in LTA-induced inflammatory responses. The results of qRT-PCR showed that miRNA levels increased and reached the highest at 3 h and then gradually decreased over time in Mac-T cells. In exosomes, the levels of 11 and three miRNAs were upregulated and downregulated at 24 h, respectively. In addition, miR-23a showed the highest increase in Mac-T cells treated with LTA and targeted PI3K to regulate inflammatory responses. Furthermore, Mac-T cell-derived exosomes were identified to play a cell–cell communication by promoting M1 polarization of bovine macrophages. In summary, our study demonstrated that LTA could activate inflammatory responses via TLR2/MyD88/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and miR-23a inhibited it by targeting PI3K. Furthermore, we found that Mac-T cell-derived exosomes might be associated with inflammatory responses by promoting M1 polarization of bovine macrophages.

scholarly journals 5-ALA Attenuates the Palmitic Acid-Induced ER Stress and Apoptosis in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1183
Author(s):  
Mst Mamuna Sharmin ◽  
Md Aminul Islam ◽  
Itsuki Yamamoto ◽  
Shin Taniguchi ◽  
Shinichi Yonekura
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Er Stress ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

The conservation of mammary gland physiology by maintaining the maximum number of mammary epithelial cells (MECs) is of the utmost importance for the optimum amount of milk production. In a state of negative energy balance, palmitic acid (PA) reduces the number of bovine MECs. However, there is no effective strategy against PA-induced apoptosis of MECs. In the present study, 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) was established as a remedial agent against PA-induced apoptosis of MAC-T cells (an established line of bovine MECs). In PA-treated cells, the apoptosis-related genes BCL2 and BAX were down- and upregulated, respectively. The elevated expression of major genes of the unfolded protein response (UPR), such as CHOP, a proapoptotic marker (C/EBP homologous protein), reduced the viability of PA-treated MAC-T cells. In contrast, 5-ALA pretreatment increased and decreased BCL2 and BAX expression, respectively. Moreover, cleaved caspase-3 protein expression was significantly reduced in the 5-ALA-pretreated group in comparison with the PA group. The downregulation of major UPR-related genes, including CHOP, extended the viability of MAC-T cells pretreated with 5-ALA and also reduced the enhanced intensity of the PA-induced expression of phospho-protein kinase R-like ER kinase. Moreover, the enhanced expression of HO-1 (antioxidant gene heme oxygenase) by 5-ALA reduced PA-induced oxidative stress (OxS). HO-1 is not only protective against OxS but also effective against ER stress. Collectively, these findings offer new insights into the protective effects of 5-ALA against PA-induced apoptosis of bovine MECs.

Exogenous phospholipase A2 affects inflammatory gene expression in primary bovine mammary epithelial cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-180
Author(s):  
Jacqueline P. Kurz ◽  
Mark P. Richards ◽  
Matthew Garcia ◽  
Zhongde Wang
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Constitutive Expression ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Lps Challenge

AbstractThis Research Communication addresses the hypothesis that exogenously administered phospholipase A2 (PLA2) affects the inflammatory responses of bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMEC) in vitro with the aim of providing preliminary justification of investigation into the uses of exogenously administered PLA2 to manage or treat bovine mastitis. Primary bMEC lines from 11 lactating Holstein dairy cows were established and the expression of 14 pro-inflammatory genes compared under unchallenged and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged conditions, with and without concurrent treatment with bovine pancreatic PLA2G1B, a secreted form of PLA2. No differences in the expression of these genes were noted between PLA2-treated and untreated bMEC under unchallenged conditions. Following LPS challenge, untreated bMEC exhibited significant downregulation of CXCL8, IL1B, CCL20, and CXCL1. In contrast, PLA2-treated bMEC exhibited significant downregulation of IL1B and CCL20 only. These findings indicate that exogenous PLA2 affects the expression of some pro-inflammatory factors in immune-stimulated bMEC, but does not influence the constitutive expression of these factors. Further investigation of the influence of exogenous PLA2 in the bovine mammary gland is justified.

scholarly journals MiR-125b regulates inflammation in bovine mammary epithelial cells by targeting the NKIRAS2 gene

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuo-Ma Luoreng ◽  
Da-Wei Wei ◽  
Xing-Ping Wang
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Regulation Mechanism ◽  
Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Tnf Α

AbstractMastitis is a complex inflammatory disease caused by pathogenic infection of mammary tissue in dairy cows. The molecular mechanism behind its occurrence, development, and regulation consists of a multi-gene network including microRNA (miRNA). Until now, there is no report on the role of miR-125b in regulating mastitis in dairy cows. This study found that miR-125b expression is significantly decreased in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced MAC-T bovine mammary epithelial cells. Also, its expression is negatively correlated with the expression of NF-κB inhibitor interacting Ras-like 2 (NKIRAS2) gene. MiR-125b target genes were identified using a double luciferase reporter gene assay, which showed that miR-125b can bind to the 3′ untranslated region (3′ UTR) of the NKIRAS2, but not the 3′UTR of the TNF-α induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3). In addition, miR-125b overexpression and silencing were used to investigate the role of miR-125b on inflammation in LPS-induced MAC-T. The results demonstrate that a reduction in miR-125b expression in LPS-induced MAC-T cells increases NKIRAS2 expression, which then reduces NF-κB activity, leading to low expression of the inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α. Ultimately, this reduces the inflammatory response in MAC-T cells. These results indicate that miR-125b is a pro-inflammatory regulator and that its silencing can alleviate bovine mastitis. These findings lay a foundation for elucidating the molecular regulation mechanism of cow mastitis.

scholarly journals Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from bovine mastitis is cytopathogenic for bovine mammary epithelial cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 3493-3504
Author(s):  
Jia Cheng ◽  
Jv Zhang ◽  
Bo Han ◽  
Herman W. Barkema ◽  
Eduardo R. Cobo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document