scholarly journals Arachidonic Acid Regulation of Intracellular Signaling Pathways and Target Gene Expression in Bovine Ovarian Granulosa Cells

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Zhang ◽  
Liqiang Wang ◽  
Guoya Luo ◽  
Xiaorong Tang ◽  
Lizhu Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Ovarian Granulosa Cells ◽  
Genes Expression ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

In the present study, AA was used to challenge bovine ovarian granulosa cells in vitro and the related parameters of cellular and molecular biology were measured. The results indicated that lower doses of AA increased survival of bovine granulosa cells whereas higher doses of AA suppressed survival. While lower doses of AA induced accumulation of lipid droplet in granulosa cells, the higher dose of AA inhibited lipid accumulation, and AA increased abundance of FABP3, CD36 and SLC27A1 mRNA. Higher doses of AA decreased the secretion of E2 and increased the secretion of P4 accompanied by down-regulation of the mRNA abundance of CYP19A1, FSHR, HSD3B1 and STAR in granulosa cells. The signaling pathways employed by AA in the stimulation of genes expression included both ERK1/2 and Akt. Together, AA specifically affects physiological features, gene expression levels and steroid hormone secretion, and thus altering the functionality of granulosa cells of cattle.

scholarly journals Apoptosis-related genes expression in primary in vitro culture of human ovarian granulosa cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 176-182
Author(s):  
Ievgeniia Kocherova ◽  
Katarzyna Stefańska ◽  
Rut Bryl ◽  
Joanna Perek ◽  
Wojciech Pieńkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Oocyte Quality ◽  
Individual Gene ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Ovarian Granulosa Cells ◽  
Genes Expression ◽  
Qpcr Method

AbstractOvarian granulosa cells (GCs) play a crucial role in oocyte maturation, creating a favorable microenvironment around the oocyte. Therefore, enhanced apoptosis and GCs loss may negatively affect the intra-follicular milieu and compromise the oocyte quality, reducing pregnancy chances. Based on the RT-qPCR method, the present research revealed the differential expression of apoptosis-related genes (BCL2, BAX, p53, CASP9) during the seven days of primary in vitro culture of GCs isolated from patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedure. Individual gene expression changes may reflect the GCs survival and/or apoptotic status at different time points.Running title: Apoptosis-related genes expression in granulosa cells in vitro

scholarly journals FSH, Oxytocin and IGF-I Regulate the Expression of Sirtuin 1 in Porcine Ovarian Granulosa Cells

2020 ◽  
pp. 461-466
Author(s):  
A SIROTKIN ◽  
P DEKANOVÁ ◽  
A HARRATH
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Sirtuin 1 ◽  
Signaling System ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Ovarian Granulosa Cells ◽  
Ovarian Cells ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Hormonal Action

The involvement of the mTOR system/enzyme sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) intracellular signaling system in the control of ovarian functions and its role in mediating hormonal action on the ovary has been proposed, but this hypothesis should be supported by a demonstrated influence of hormones on mTOR/SIRT1. Therefore, the aim of our in vitro experiments was to examine the effect of the known hormonal regulators of ovarian functions, such as follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), oxytocin (OT) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), on mTOR/SIRT1. The accumulation of SIRT1 in porcine ovarian granulosa cells cultured with and without these hormones (at doses of 1, 10 or 100 ng.ml-1) was evaluated using immunocytochemistry. It was observed that the addition of FSH (at 10 ng.ml-1 but not at 1 or 100 ng/ml) and OT (at all tested doses) increased the expression of SIRT1 in ovarian cells. In addition, 100 ng.ml-1, but not at 1 or 10 ng.ml-1, of IGF-I decreased SIRT1 accumulation. Our observations are the first demonstration that hormones can directly regulate the ovarian mTOR/SIRT1 system and that this system could mediate the action of hormonal regulators on the ovary.

scholarly journals The Stemness of Human Ovarian Granulosa Cells and the Role of Resveratrol in the Differentiation of MSCs—A Review Based on Cellular and Molecular Knowledge

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Jozkowiak ◽  
Greg Hutchings ◽  
Maurycy Jankowski ◽  
Katarzyna Kulcenty ◽  
Paul Mozdziak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Primordial Follicle ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Ovarian Granulosa Cells ◽  
Physiological Properties

Ovarian Granulosa Cells (GCs) are known to proliferate in the developing follicle and undergo several biochemical processes during folliculogenesis. They represent a multipotent cell population that has been differentiated to neuronal cells, chondrocytes, and osteoblasts in vitro. However, progression and maturation of GCs are accompanied by a reduction in their stemness. In the developing follicle, GCs communicate with the oocyte bidirectionally via gap junctions. Together with neighboring theca cells, they play a crucial role in steroidogenesis, particularly the production of estradiol, as well as progesterone following luteinization. Many signaling pathways are known to be important throughout the follicle development, leading either towards luteinization and release of the oocyte, or follicular atresia and apoptosis. These signaling pathways include cAMP, PI3K, SMAD, Hedgehog (HH), Hippo and Notch, which act together in a complex manner to control the maturation of GCs through regulation of key genes, from the primordial follicle to the luteal phase. Small molecules such as resveratrol, a phytoalexin found in grapes, peanuts and other dietary constituents, may be able to activate/inhibit these signaling pathways and thereby control physiological properties of GCs. This article reviews the current knowledge about granulosa stem cells, the signaling pathways driving their development and maturation, as well as biological activities of resveratrol and its properties as a pro-differentiation agent.

Differentiation of sow and mouse ovarian granulosa cells exposed to zearalenone in vitro using RNA-seq gene expression

2018 ◽  
Vol 350 ◽  
pp. 78-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo-Liang Zhang ◽  
Jun-Lin Song ◽  
Yi Zhou ◽  
Rui-Qian Zhang ◽  
Shun-Feng Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Ovarian Granulosa Cells

Effects of selected nanoparticles on in vitro steroid hormone secretion by porcine ovarian granulosa cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 33-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sona Scsukova ◽  
Alzbeta Mlynarcikova ◽  
Kvetoslava Smolikova ◽  
Eva Rollerova
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Steroid Hormone ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Ovarian Granulosa Cells

scholarly journals The Effects of Leptin and Irisin on Steroidogenic Enzyme Gene Expression in Human Ovarian Granulosa Cells - Initial Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A772-A773
Author(s):  
Dimiter Bogdanov Avtanski ◽  
Karina Ziskovich ◽  
Tomer Singer ◽  
Ariel Yeshua ◽  
Tal Cantor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Steroidogenic Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Gene ◽  
Ovarian Granulosa Cells ◽  
Brown Adipose

Abstract Fertility and energy metabolism are closely associated, and the cytokines produced by the adipose and muscle tissue play a role in this association. Leptin, predominantly produced by the white adipose tissue, and irisin, produced by the brown adipose and skeletal muscle tissues, are cytokines that are important in balancing energy metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the effects of leptin and irisin on steroidogenic enzyme gene expression in human ovarian granulosa cells in vitro. Granulosa cells were retrieved and isolated from ovarian follicular fluid during in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedures. Cells were placed in primary in vitro cultures and treated with increasing concentrations of leptin (25, 50, 100, 200, and 400 ng/ml) or irisin (125, 250, 500, 1,000, and 2,000 ng/ml) for 24, 48, and 72 hours. mRNA expression levels of CYP11A1, CYP19A1, CYP21A2, HSD3B1, and HSD17B3 were measured by qRT-PCR analysis. Leptin treatment of granulosa cells resulted in significant upregulation of CYP21A2 mRNA levels, while irisin significantly downregulated mRNA levels of CYP11A1, CYP19A1, and HSD3B1. Taken together, these early experiments demonstrate that leptin and irisin may affect steroid hormone production in the ovary by targeting the gene expression of key steroidogenic enzymes. Additional experiments are in progress.

scholarly journals Stimulatory effect of amygdalin on the viability and steroid hormone secretion by porcine ovarian granulosa cells in vitro

2016 ◽  
Vol 05 (Special issue 1) ◽  
pp. 44-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Halenár ◽  
Eva Tušimová ◽  
Anna Nynca ◽  
Agnieszka Sadowska ◽  
Renata Ciereszko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Steroid Hormone ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Ovarian Granulosa Cells

scholarly journals Chromatin Accessibility and Transcriptomic Alterations in Murine Ovarian Granulosa Cells Upon Deoxynivalenol Exposure

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2818
Author(s):  
Hairui Fan ◽  
Zhanshi Ren ◽  
Chao Xu ◽  
Haifei Wang ◽  
Zhengchang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Sulfur Metabolism ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Chromatin Accessibility ◽  
Ovarian Granulosa Cells ◽  
Vitro Model

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a common environmental toxin that is secreted by fusarium fungi that frequently contaminates feedstuff and food. While the detrimental effects of DON on human and animal reproductive systems have been well recognized, the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Ovarian granulosa cells (GCs), which surround oocytes, are crucial for regulating oocyte development, mainly through the secretion of hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. Using an in vitro model of murine GCs, we characterized the cytotoxic effects of DON and profiled genome-wide chromatin accessibility and transcriptomic alterations after DON exposure. Our results suggest that DON can induce decreased viability and growth, increased apoptosis rate, and disrupted hormone secretion. In total, 2533 differentially accessible loci and 2675 differentially expressed genes were identified that were associated with Hippo, Wnt, steroid biosynthesis, sulfur metabolism, and inflammation-related pathways. DON-induced genes usually have a concurrently increased occupancy of active histone modifications H3K4me3 and H3K27ac in their promoters. Integrative analyses identified 35 putative directly affected genes including Adrb2 and Fshr, which are key regulators of follicular growth, and revealed that regions with increased chromatin accessibility are enriched with the binding motifs for NR5A1 and NR5A2, which are important for GCs. Moreover, DON-induced inflammatory response is due to the activation of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Overall, our results provide novel insights into the regulatory elements, genes, and key pathways underlying the response of ovarian GCs to DON cytotoxicity.

scholarly journals RNA-seq based gene expression analysis of ovarian granulosa cells exposed to zearalenone in vitro: significance to steroidogenesis

Oncotarget ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (38) ◽  
pp. 64001-64014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo-Liang Zhang ◽  
Rui-Qian Zhang ◽  
Xiao-Feng Sun ◽  
Shun-Feng Cheng ◽  
Yu-Feng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Gene Expression Analysis ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Ovarian Granulosa Cells
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