scholarly journals Supplementing Tropical Cattle for Improved Nutrient Utilization and Reduced Enteric Methane Emissions

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali ◽  
Wassie ◽  
Korir ◽  
Merbold ◽  
Goopy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Rhodes Grass ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
N Retention ◽  
Low Costs ◽  
Digesta Passage ◽  
Sweet Potato Vine ◽  
Microbial N

Given their high nitrogen (N) concentration and low costs, sweet potato vine silage (SPVS) and urea-molasses blocks (UMB) are recommended supplements for tropical regions; therefore, they were investigated in this study. Six heifers were allocated to three diets: the roughage diet (R) consisted of wheat straw (0.61) and Rhodes grass hay (0.39; on dry matter (DM) basis); R + SPVS combined R (0.81) and SPVS (0.19); and with R + UMB animals had access to UMB. During two experimental periods, feed intake, feces and urine excretion, digesta passage, and rumen microbial protein synthesis were determined during seven days and methane emissions during three days. There was no treatment effect (p > 0.05) on DM and N intake. Apparent DM digestibility of R + SPVS (510 g/kg) was higher (p < 0.05) than of R (474 g/kg). Digesta passage and duodenal microbial N flow were similar for all diets (p > 0.05), while N retention was highest with R + SPVS (p > 0.05). Methane emissions per unit of digested feed (g CH4/kg dDM) were lower (p < 0.05) for R + SPVS (55.2) than for R (64.7). Hence, SPVS supplementation to poor–quality roughage has the potential to increase diet digestibility and N retention while reducing CH4 emissions.

Effects of propyl propane thiosulfinate on nutrient utilization, ruminal fermentation, microbial population and methane emissions in goats

2014 ◽  
Vol 191 ◽  
pp. 16-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Martínez-Fernández ◽  
L. Abecia ◽  
E. Ramos-Morales ◽  
A.I. Martin-García ◽  
E. Molina-Alcaide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Population ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation

scholarly journals Particulate organic matter controls benthic microbial N retention and N removal in contrasting estuaries of the Baltic Sea

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (18) ◽  
pp. 3543-3564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ines Bartl ◽  
Dana Hellemann ◽  
Christophe Rabouille ◽  
Kirstin Schulz ◽  
Petra Tallberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Ammonium Assimilation ◽  
Sediment Type ◽  
Filter Function ◽  
Transport Pathways ◽  
N Retention ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Microbial N

Abstract. Estuaries worldwide act as “filters” of land-derived nitrogen (N) loads, yet differences in coastal environmental settings can affect the N filter function. We investigated microbial N retention (nitrification, ammonium assimilation) and N removal (denitrification, anammox) processes in the aphotic benthic system (bottom boundary layer (BBL) and sediment) of two Baltic Sea estuaries differing in riverine N loads, trophic state, geomorphology, and sediment type. In the BBL, rates of nitrification (5–227 nmol N L−1 d−1) and ammonium assimilation (9–704 nmol N L−1 d−1) were not enhanced in the eutrophied Vistula Estuary compared to the oligotrophic Öre Estuary. No anammox was detected in the sediment of either estuary, while denitrification rates were twice as high in the eutrophied (352±123 µmol N m−2 d−1) as in the oligotrophic estuary. Particulate organic matter (POM) was mainly of phytoplankton origin in the benthic systems of both estuaries. It seemed to control heterotrophic denitrification and ammonium assimilation as well as autotrophic nitrification by functioning as a substrate source of N and organic carbon. Our data suggest that in stratified estuaries, POM is an essential link between riverine N loads and benthic N turnover and may furthermore function as a temporary N reservoir. During long particle residence times or alongshore transport pathways, increased time is available for the recycling of N until its eventual removal, allowing effective coastal filtering even at low process rates. Understanding the key controls and microbial N processes in the coastal N filter therefore requires to also consider the effects of geomorphological and hydrological features.

Intake, digestibility and microbial-N synthesis in Creole goats fed grass/forage tree silage

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 ◽  
pp. 139-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Sol ◽  
FJ Solorio-Sanchéz ◽  
CA Sandoval-Castro
Keyword(s):  
Present Experiment ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Supplementary Feed ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Microbial N ◽  
Feeding Systems

Forage trees are commonly used in the tropics as supplementary feed for ruminants. However, during the dry season where grass is of poor quality, many trees also shed their leaves and are no longer available. Adequate strategies are to be evaluated to allow forage trees to be introduced into feeding systems as good quality supplements along the year. Silage might be an adequate technology if the resultant product allow similar animal performance as those achieved using commercial concentrate as supplement, but few studies have been conducted with forage tree silages. The objective of the present experiment was to evaluate intake, digestibility and microbial-N synthesis of diets supplemented with grains or forage tree silage.

scholarly journals Effect of roughage to concentrate ratio of sweet sorghum (Sorghum biclor L. Moench) bagasse-based complete diet on nutrient utilization and microbial N supply in lambs

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 1717-1724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagireddy Nalini Kumari ◽  
Yerradoddi Ramana Reddy ◽  
Michel Blummel ◽  
Devanaboyina Nagalakshmi ◽  
Khaja Sudhakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
N Supply ◽  
Complete Diet ◽  
Microbial N

scholarly journals Effects of partial replacement of concentrate with feed blocks on nutrient utilization, microbial N flow, and milk yield and composition in goats

2010 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 2076-2087 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Molina-Alcaide ◽  
E.Y. Morales-García ◽  
A.I. Martín-García ◽  
H. Ben Salem ◽  
A. Nefzaoui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Microbial N

scholarly journals NITROGEN RETENTION IN RAPIDLY-GROWING STEERS GIVEN UREA SUPPLEMENTED DIETS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
O. A. Ikuwegbu
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Dual Phase ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
N Retention ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Microbial N

Four calves equipped with permanent rumen and T-piece duodenal caninulus were given four diets in a Latin square experiment carried out at two stages of development. DM flow was measured by dual-phase markers. The basal diet of hay and concentrate was calculated to be low In rumen degradable N (RDN) and. tissue N. Additional RDN was provided by ad­ding 6, 12 or 18g urea/kg concentrate. Supplementary urea did not affect OM digestion either in the stomach or In the entire digestive tract. At the older age OM digestion in the stomach and the entire tract was significantly higher. On the basal diet, N retention was low. The flow of microbial N measured by the DAPA technique was not affected by diet and it was calculated that between 3 and 7g "s/d were recycled to the rumen. The addition of supplementary urea increased N retention par­ticularly at the lowest level of supplementation due to a concomitant decrease In urinary N.

Tropical cattle methane emissions: the role of natural statins supplementation

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 1294 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Ramírez-Restrepo ◽  
C. J. O'Neill ◽  
N. López-Villalobos ◽  
J. Padmanabha ◽  
C. McSweeney
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Methane Yield ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Rhodes Grass

A natural food-based supplementation in the basal diet (BD) of cattle for lowering methane emissions was conducted over a 2.5-month period in 2013 at Lansdown Research Station, in north Queensland, Australia. Using eight rumen-cannulated Belmont Red Composite steers [436 ± 18.2 kg liveweight (LW); least squares means ± s.e.m.] fed a diet mixture of 0.85 CSIRO’s Ridley beef finisher pellets and 0.15 Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana); Experiment 1 compared for 7 weeks dose-dependent effects of the fermented-Monascus purpureus red rice powder (FRR) on dry matter intake (DMI), feed efficiency and tolerability. Consistent with the developed feeding methodology, the second experiment used four (461 ± 18.2 kg LW) fistulated Belmont Red Composite steers to assess rumen fermentation parameters and methane emissions measured in an open-circuit respiratory chamber system over ~4 weeks. Overall, LW increased throughout the study. In Experiment 1, the supplementation of FRR containing a natural lovastatin (monakolin K) reached 120 g/day (i.e. 2.88 ± 0.057 mg monakolin K/kg LW) fed in two approximately equal portions at 0900 hours and 1600 hours. However, once the diet was equal to or higher than 110 g/day of FRR, adverse effects were evident in terms of DMI (P < 0.05) and animal physiology. Compared with the BD, dietary intake of 40 g of FRR/day (i.e. 0.92 ± 0.034 mg monakolin K/kg LW) was associated (P < 0.05) with increased DMI and reduced methane yield (g/kg DMI) emissions. However, the effect was transient and not observed as FRR increased to 100 g/day. It was concluded that the adverse effects of FRR on animal health precludes further investigation with high doses of supplementation, and the transient reduction in methane yield was probably due to rumen adaptation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document