scholarly journals Comparative Transcriptomics Reveal Key Sheep (Ovis aries) Hypothalamus LncRNAs that Affect Reproduction

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuangbiao Zhang ◽  
Jishun Tang ◽  
Ran Di ◽  
Qiuyue Liu ◽  
Xiangyu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Reproductive Process ◽  
Forkhead Box ◽  
First Time ◽  
Go Terms

The diverse functions of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which execute their functions mainly through modulating the activities of their target genes, have been have been widely studied for many years (including a number of studies involving lncRNAs in the ovary and uterus). Herein, for the first time, we detect lncRNAs in sheep hypothalami with FecB++ through RNA Sequencing (RNA-Seq) and identify a number of known and novel lncRNAs, with 622 and 809 found to be differentially expressed in polytocous sheep in the follicular phase (PF) vs. monotocous sheep in the follicular phase (MF) and polytocous sheep in the luteal phase (PL) vs. monotocous sheep in the luteal phase (ML), respectively. Then, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed based on the predicted target genes. The most highly enriched GO terms (at the molecular function level) included carbonyl reductase (NADPH), 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NADP+), and prostaglandin-E2 9-reductase activity in PF vs. MF, and phosphatidylinositol-3,5-bisphosphate binding in PL vs. ML was associated with sheep fecundity. Interestingly, the phenomena of valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation in PL vs. ML, and valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis in PF vs. MF, were present. In addition, the interactome of lncRNA and its targets showed that MSTRG.26777 and its cis-targets ENSOARG00000013744, ENSOARG00000013700, and ENSOARG00000013777, and MSTRG.105228 and its target WNT7A may participate in the sheep reproductive process at the hypothalamus level. Significantly, MSTRG.95128 and its cis-target Forkhead box L1 (FOXG1) were shown to be upregulated in PF vs. MF but downregulated in PL vs. ML. All of these results may be attributed to discoveries of new candidate genes and pathways related to sheep reproduction, and they may provide new views for understanding sheep reproduction without the effects of the FecB mutation.

scholarly journals Analysis of Expression Profiles of CircRNA and MiRNA in Oviduct during the Follicular and Luteal Phases of Sheep with Two Fecundity (FecB Gene) Genotypes

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2826
Author(s):  
Zhifeng Li ◽  
Xiaoyun He ◽  
Xiaosheng Zhang ◽  
Jinlong Zhang ◽  
Xiaofei Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Reproductive Process ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Camp Signaling Pathway ◽  
Reproduction Process

CircRNA and miRNA, as classes of non-coding RNA, have been found to play pivotal roles in sheep reproduction. There are many reports of circRNA and miRNA in the ovary and uterus, but few in the oviduct. In this study, RNA-Seq was performed to analyze the expression profile of circRNA and miRNA in the oviduct during the follicular phase and luteal phase of sheep with FecBBB and FecB++ genotypes. The results showed that a total of 3223 circRNAs and 148 miRNAs were identified. A total of 15 DE circRNAs and 40 DE miRNAs were found in the comparison between the follicular phase and luteal phase, and 1 DE circRNA and 18 DE miRNAs were found in the comparison between the FecBBB genotype and FecB++ genotype. GO and KEGG analyses showed that the host genes of DE circRNAs were mainly enriched in the Rap1 signaling pathway, PI3K–Akt signaling pathway and neuroactive ligand–receptor interactions. Novel_circ_0004065, novel_circ_0005109, novel_circ_0012086, novel_circ_0014274 and novel_circ_0001794 were found to be possibly involved in the oviductal reproduction process. GO and KEGG analyses showed that the target genes of DE miRNAs were mainly enriched in insulin secretion, the cAMP signaling pathway, the cGMP–PKG signaling pathway, the Rap1 signaling pathway and the TGF-β signaling pathway, and the target genes LPAR1, LPAR2, FGF18, TACR3, BMP6, SMAD4, INHBB, SKP1 and TGFBR2 were found to be associated with the reproductive process. Miranda software was used to identify 27 miRNAs that may bind to 13 DE circRNAs, including miR-22-3p (target to novel_circ_0004065), miR-127, miR-136 (target to novel_circ_0000417), miR-27a (target to novel_circ_0014274) and oar-miR-181a (target to novel_circ_ 0017815). The results of this study will help to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of circRNAs and miRNAs in sheep reproduction. Our study, although not establishing direct causal relationships of the circRNA and miRNA changes, enriches the sheep circRNA and miRNA database and provides a basis for further studies on sheep reproduction.

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of Hypothalamic Alternative Splicing Events and Variants in Ovine Fecundity-Related Genes

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2111
Author(s):  
Zhuangbiao Zhang ◽  
Jishun Tang ◽  
Xiaoyun He ◽  
Ran Di ◽  
Xiaosheng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Galectin 3 ◽  
First Time

Previous studies revealed that alternative splicing (AS) events and gene variants played key roles in reproduction; however, their location and distribution in hypothalamic fecundity-related genes in sheep without the FecB mutation remain largely unknown. Therefore, in this study, we described the hypothalamic AS events and variants in differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in Small Tail Han sheep without the FecB mutation at polytocous sheep in the follicular phase vs. monotocous sheep in the follicular phase (PF vs. MF) and polytocous sheep in the luteal phase vs. monotocous sheep in the luteal phase (PL vs. ML) via an RNA-seq study for the first time. We found 39 DEGs with AS events (AS DEGs) in PF vs. MF, while 42 AS DEGs were identified in PL vs. ML. No DEGs with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were observed in PF vs. MF, but five were identified in PL vs. ML. We also performed a correlation analysis of transcriptomics and proteomics, and the results suggested several key DEGs/differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), such as galectin 3 (LGALS3) in PF vs. MF and aspartoacylase (ASPA) and transthyretin (TTR) in PL vs. ML, could be candidate genes influencing ovine litter size. In addition, further analyses suggested that AS events, SNPs and miRNA-binding sites existed in key DEGs/DEPs, such as ASPA and TTR. All in all, this study provides a new insight into ovine and even other mammalian reproduction.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Profile of Key CircRNAs and MiRNAs in Oviduct that Affect Sheep Reproduction

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhifeng Li ◽  
Xiaoyun He ◽  
Xiaosheng Zhang ◽  
Jinlong Zhang ◽  
Xiaofei Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Kegg Analysis ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Host Genes

Abstract Background: CircRNA and miRNA, as classes of non-coding RNA, have been found to play pivotal roles in sheep reproduction. There are many reports of circRNA and miRNA in ovary and uterus, but few in oviduct. In this study, RNA-Seq was performed to analyze the expression profile of circRNA and miRNA in oviduct between follicular phase and luteal phase in FecBBB (MM) and FecB++ (WW) sheep.Results: The result showed that 15 circRNAs were found differentially expressed between the follicular phase and luteal phase of FecBBB genotype (MF VS. ML), no circRNAs were found differentially expressed between the follicular phase and luteal phase of FecB++ genotype (WF VS. WL). 9 and 1 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified in MF VS. ML, and WF VS. WL, respectively. GO and KEGG analysis showed that the host genes of circRNAs in MF VS. ML were mainly involved in the Rap1 signaling pathway and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. GO and KEGG analysis of miRNAs showed that the predicted target genes were mainly involved in the Insulin secretion and Rap1 signaling pathway in MF VS. ML. In WF VS. WL, the result showed that the predicted target genes were mainly involved in the TGF-β signaling pathway, Insulin secretion and Rap1 signaling pathway. In 3 comparison groups, GO and KEGG analysis indicated that a number of host genes and target genes (XPR1, LPAR3, SLC7A11, RAB3A, PLCB3, CREB3L4, LPAR1, LPAR2, FGF18, TACR3, BMP6, SMAD4, SKP1) were found to influence sheep reproduction. Conclusion: The results of the study will help to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of circRNAs and miRNAs in sheep reproduction. And, this study will enrich the sheep circRNA and miRNA databases, which provide a basis for further research on sheep reproduction.

Identification of transcriptome differences in goat ovaries at the follicular phase and the luteal phase using an RNA-Seq method

2020 ◽  
Vol 158 ◽  
pp. 239-249
Author(s):  
Yong Liu ◽  
Xiaoqing Wu ◽  
Juan Xie ◽  
Wenying Wang ◽  
Jing Xin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Rna Seq

scholarly journals LETR1 is a lymphatic endothelial-specific lncRNA that governs cell proliferation and migration through KLF4 and SEMA3C

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Ducoli ◽  
Saumya Agrawal ◽  
Eliane Sibler ◽  
Tsukasa Kouno ◽  
Carlotta Tacconi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Control ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Lymphatic Endothelial Cells ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
And Migration ◽  
First Time ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Proliferation And Migration

AbstractRecent studies have revealed the importance of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) as tissue-specific regulators of gene expression. There is ample evidence that distinct types of vasculature undergo tight transcriptional control to preserve their structure, identity, and functions. We determined, for the first time, the global lineage-specific lncRNAome of human dermal blood and lymphatic endothelial cells (BECs and LECs), combining RNA-Seq and CAGE-Seq. A subsequent genome-wide antisense oligonucleotide-knockdown screen of a robust set of BEC- and LEC-specific lncRNAs identified LETR1 as a critical gatekeeper of the global LEC transcriptome. Deep RNA-DNA, RNA-protein, and phenotype rescue analyses revealed that LETR1 acts as a nuclear trans-acting lncRNA modulating, via key epigenetic factors, the expression of essential target genes, including KLF4 and SEMA3C, governing the growth and migratory ability of LECs. Together, our study provides new evidence supporting the intriguing concept that every cell type expresses precise lncRNA signatures to control lineage-specific regulatory programs.

scholarly journals Comparative Transcriptomics Identify Key Hypothalamic Circular RNAs that Participate in Sheep (Ovis aries) Reproduction

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuangbiao Zhang ◽  
Jishun Tang ◽  
Xiaoyun He ◽  
Mingxia Zhu ◽  
Shangquan Gan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Profile ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Functional Enrichment ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Reproductive Process ◽  
Phase Versus

Circular RNA (circRNA), as an emerging class of noncoding RNA, has been found to play key roles in many biological processes. However, its expression profile in the hypothalamus, a powerful organ initiating the reproductive process, has not yet been explored. Therefore, we used RNA sequencing to explore the expression of circRNAs in the hypothalamus of sheep with the FecB ++ genotype. We totally identified 41,863 circRNAs from sheep hypothalamus, in which 333 (162 were upregulated, while 171 were downregulated) were differentially expressed in polytocous sheep in the follicular phase versus monotocous sheep in the follicular phase (PF vs. MF), moreover, 340 circRNAs (163 were upregulated, while 177 were downregulated) were differentially expressed in polytocous sheep in the luteal phase versus monotocous sheep in the luteal sheep (PL vs. ML). We also identified several key circRNAs including oar_circ_0018794, oar_circ_0008291, oar_circ_0015119, oar_circ_0012801, oar_circ_0010234, and oar_circ_0013788 through functional enrichment analysis and oar_circ_0012110 through a competing endogenous RNA network, most of which may participate in reproduction by influencing gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) activities or affecting key gene expression, indirectly or directly. Our study explored the overall expression profile of circRNAs in sheep hypothalamus, which potentially provides an alternative insight into the mechanism of sheep prolificacy without the effects of FecB mutation.

EVALUATION OF CHANGES IN CARDIORESPIRATORY FUNCTIONS DURING DIFFERENT PHASES OF THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE IN YOUNG WOMEN

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shehnaz Shaikh
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Uterine Wall ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Menstrual Phase ◽  
Granulose Cells ◽  
Efficiency Test

Introduction: Menstrual cycle or menstruation involved discharge of sanguinous fluid and a sloughing of uterine wall. In women menstruation occurs at regular intervals on an average of 28 days, although most women gave a history of regular intervals of 28 to 30 days. About 10% -15% of women showed cycle at the precise 28 ± 2 days intervals when menstrual calendar was utilized. Normally in young women in different phases of ovarian cycles the plasma levels of estrogen vary. Ovulation occurs in the first 12-13th day of menstrual cycle, which is termed estrogen surge and second occurs in mid-luteal phase. During mid cycle or follicular phase of menstrual cycle the plasma concentration of progesterone is very low about 0.9 ng/mL. its level starts rising owing to secretion from the granulose cells. During luteal phase progesterone level reaches its peak value of 18 ng/mL and its level fall to a minimum value toward the end of the cycle. Estrogen affects local and systemic vasodilation. The menstrual cycle envelops two fundamental stages, the follicular stage (FP) and the luteal stage (LP). The follicular stage can part advance into two substages; the early FP, which is characterised with moo concentrations of both the key hormones estrogen and progesterone; and the mid FP where estrogen is tall autonomously from progesterone. The LP is epitomized by tall concentration of both estrogen and progesterone. These two fundamental stages are isolated by a soak surge in luteinizing hormone activating ovulation. These recurrent changes are said to be frequency unsurprising while long time. Aim: The main aim of this study is to evaluate the Cardiorespiratory functions changes during different Phases of Menstrual Cycle.   Material and methods: In this study, 20 with normal weight, 20 with obese and 20 with overage were included and taken them as a sample size. In this study all the young women those were recruited as a sample size are unmarried, undergraduate female student with the between the age group of 18-22years, having regular 28+6 days menstrual cycle for at least last 6months prior to this study. For the collection of data all the participants were instructed to attend the physiology lab department during each of three different phases. Day-2 during menstrual phase, Day-7, during follicular phase and Day-22 during luteal phase and the following parameters were recorded as Anthropometric measurements, measuring of pulse rate and blood pressure and cardiac efficiency test. Result: In general, work out proficiency changed essentially amid the distinctive stages of the menstrual cycle with the most elevated amid luteal stage and least amid menstrualo stage. There was no critical contrast in impact test amid menstrual stage, follicular stage and luteal stage of menstrual cycle among three bunches of people. Conclusion: We have watched noteworthy increment in cardiac and respiratory proficiency within the luteal stage of the menstrual cycle in ordinary weight people. Lower wellness levels were watched in overweight and stout females. In this manner hone of customary work out and admissions of solid slim down which offer assistance in lessening the weight and in turn the BMI will offer assistance in improving the physical wellness of the people. Keywords: Cardiorespiratory, Menstrual cycle, expiratory blast test

EFFECT OF STRESS ON THE PROFILE OF PLASMA STEROIDS IN BABOONS (PAPIO HAMADRYAS)

1979 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 372-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. P. Goncharov ◽  
A. G. Taranov ◽  
A. V. Antonichev ◽  
V. M. Gorlushkin ◽  
T. Aso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Immobilization Stress ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Papio Hamadryas ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
Consistent Finding ◽  
Plasma Steroids ◽  
Competitive Protein Binding ◽  
17 Hydroxyprogesterone

ABSTRACT Adult baboons (5 males and 5 females) were exposed to immobilization stress by being strapped to a table in a horizontal position for 2 h. In females the experiment was performed during both the follicular and luteal phase. Peripheral blood was withdrawn at frequent intervals, the first sample just before immobilization, and the last one 3 days later. A number of steroids were measured in blood plasma samples by radioimmunoassay (17-hydroxypregnenolone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, pregnenolone, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, progesterone, 20α-dihydroprogesterone, oestrone, oestradiol) or competitive protein binding (cortisol) techniques. The cortisol levels exhibited a marked increase in both sexes. This increase was observed already during the immobilization and lasted for approximately 24 h. A similar, even more pronounced increase was seen in 17-hydroxypregnenolone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone and pregnenolone levels. A marked, long-lasting (72 h) decrease of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone levels was a consistent finding in male baboons. This was not observed in the females which, on the other hand, exhibited a marked decrease (duration 48 h) of progesterone and 20α-dihydroprogesterone levels during the luteal phase, and a significant decrease (duration > 24 h) of oestradiol and oestrone concentrations during the follicular phase. It is concluded that stress has a marked inhibitory action on gonadal function both in male and female baboons. In females the inhibition of steroidogenetic function is exerted both on the ovarian follicles and on the corpus luteum.

scholarly journals Influence of Menstrual Cycle Estradiol-β-17 Fluctuations on Energy Substrate Utilization-Oxidation during Aerobic, Endurance Exercise

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 7209
Author(s):  
Hannah N. Willett ◽  
Kristen J. Koltun ◽  
Anthony C. Hackney
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Substrate Utilization ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Energy Substrate ◽  
Fat Utilization

This study examined the effect of estradiol-β-17 across the menstrual cycle (MC) during aerobic exercise on energy substrate utilization and oxidation. Thirty-two eumenorrheic (age = 22.4 ± 3.8 y (mean ± SD)), physically active women participated in two steady-state running sessions at 65% of VO2max, one during the early follicular and one during the luteal phase of the MC. Blood samples were collected at rest before each exercise session and analyzed for Estradiol-β-17 to confirm the MC phase. Carbohydrate (CHO) utilization and oxidation values were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the luteal (utilization: 51.6 ± 16.7%; oxidation: 1.22 ± 0.56 g/min; effect size (ES) = 0.45, 0.27) than follicular phase (utilization: 58.2 ± 15.1%; oxidation: 1.38 ± 0.60 g/min) exercise sessions. Conversely, fat utilization and oxidation values were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the luteal (utilization: 48.4 ± 16.7%; oxidation: 0.49 ± 0.19 g/min; ES = 0.45,0.28) than follicular phase (utilization: 41.8 ± 15.1%; oxidation: 0.41 ± 0.14 g/min). Estradiol-β-17 concentrations were significantly (p < 0.01) greater during the luteal (518.5 ± 285.4 pmol/L; ES = 0.75) than follicular phase (243.8 ± 143.2 pmol/L). Results suggest a greater use of fat and reduced amount of CHO usage during the luteal versus follicular phase, directly related to the change in resting estradiol-β-17. Future research should investigate the role these changes may play in female athletic performance.

scholarly journals EPEN-21. IMPAIRED NEURONAL-GLIAL FATE SPECIFICATION IN PEDIATRIC EPENDYMOMA REVEALED BY SINGLE-CELL RNA-SEQ

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii311-iii312
Author(s):  
Bernhard Englinger ◽  
Johannes Gojo ◽  
Li Jiang ◽  
Jens M Hübner ◽  
McKenzie L Shaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Target Identification ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Cell Models ◽  
Pediatric Ependymoma ◽  
Glial Fate ◽  
Anatomic Locations

Abstract Ependymoma represents a heterogeneous disease affecting the entire neuraxis. Extensive molecular profiling efforts have identified molecular ependymoma subgroups based on DNA methylation. However, the intratumoral heterogeneity and developmental origins of these groups are only partially understood, and effective treatments are still lacking for about 50% of patients with high-risk tumors. We interrogated the cellular architecture of ependymoma using single cell/nucleus RNA-sequencing to analyze 24 tumor specimens across major molecular subgroups and anatomic locations. We additionally analyzed ten patient-derived ependymoma cell models and two patient-derived xenografts (PDXs). Interestingly, we identified an analogous cellular hierarchy across all ependymoma groups, originating from undifferentiated neural stem cell-like populations towards different degrees of impaired differentiation states comprising neuronal precursor-like, astro-glial-like, and ependymal-like tumor cells. While prognostically favorable ependymoma groups predominantly harbored differentiated cell populations, aggressive groups were enriched for undifferentiated subpopulations. Projection of transcriptomic signatures onto an independent bulk RNA-seq cohort stratified patient survival even within known molecular groups, thus refining the prognostic power of DNA methylation-based profiling. Furthermore, we identified novel potentially druggable targets including IGF- and FGF-signaling within poorly prognostic transcriptional programs. Ependymoma-derived cell models/PDXs widely recapitulated the transcriptional programs identified within fresh tumors and are leveraged to validate identified target genes in functional follow-up analyses. Taken together, our analyses reveal a developmental hierarchy and transcriptomic context underlying the biologically and clinically distinct behavior of ependymoma groups. The newly characterized cellular states and underlying regulatory networks could serve as basis for future therapeutic target identification and reveal biomarkers for clinical trials.

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